vb.net 托管内存和堆是稳定的，但进程内存使用导致崩溃

Question

我有一个应用程序读取带有图像名称的 csv 文件，调用打开图像的子程序，扫描以找到形状中的黄色像素，并解析左上角，注释 csv 数据并写入记录。 Managed Heap 和 Native heap 内存是稳定的，但进程内存每个图像增长 350MB。现在我让我的分析师将 csv 文件分成 25 个图像集。但这对于 20 岁左右的分析师来说是有风险的。

我处理了图像，尝试了 GCCollect()，大型 heapCompaction - 似乎没有任何帮助。我几乎每本 post 都读过，但似乎没有响起。我已经包含了代码 - 并试图去除显示和垃圾但留下了一些扫描比较。

我是运行.net 4.6.1，Win 10/64，16GB内存

子Process_CSV_Detail() . . .按顺序读取 csv 文件，设置文件名，为用户显示，然后为每个图像调用工作进程 - 访问每个新图像时似乎会发生内存泄漏

    Call BackgroundProcess2()

End Sub

Public 子 BackgroundProcess2()

        GreenTest = 245
        RedTest = 245
        BlueTest = 70

    Try
        loadedImage = Image.FromFile(InputImageName)
    Catch ex As Exception
         . . . .Never gets here but some code 
    Finally
    End Try

    HeightVal = loadedImage.Height
    WidthVal = loadedImage.Width

    Dim MasterImage As New Bitmap(WidthVal, HeightVal, FormatVal)

    MasterImage = loadedImage

。 . .现在正在寻找那个讨厌的像素

    For ycounter = 1 To HeightVal - 1 Step PixelStride
        For xcounter = 1 To WidthVal - 1 Step PixelStride

            Dim PixelColor As Color = MasterImage.GetPixel(xcounter, ycounter)
            PixelIsYellow = False


                If PixelColor.R > RedTest Then
                    If PixelColor.G > GreenTest Then
                        If PixelColor.B < BlueTest Then
                            PixelIsYellow = True
                            YellowPixelCount = YellowPixelCount + 1
                            MasterImage.SetPixel(xcounter, ycounter, Color.FromArgb(&HFFFFFF00))

                            xPixelIsYellow = True
                            yPixelIsYellow = True

                        End If
                    End If
                End If




            If PixelIsYellow = True Then
                'Now  find the upper left corner
                LeftXLoc = xcounter
                LeftYLoc = ycounter
                'Move to left until no more yellow, then back 1 step to 
                      'locate left pixel location
                Try
                    For xtestcounter = LeftXLoc To 1 Step -1
                        Dim PixelColorx As Color = MasterImage.GetPixel(xtestcounter, LeftYLoc)
                        If PixelColorx.R < RedTest Then
                            xPixelIsYellow = False
                            Exit Try
                        End If
                        If QA_Mode = False Then
                            If PixelColorx.G < GreenTest Then
                                xPixelIsYellow = False
                                Exit Try
                            End If
                        End If
                        If QA_Mode = True Then
                            If PixelColorx.G < GreenTest Then
                                xPixelIsYellow = False
                                Exit Try
                            End If
                        End If


                        If PixelColorx.B > 70 Then
                            xPixelIsYellow = False
                            Exit Try
                        End If

                    Next
                Catch ex As Exception
                Finally

                End Try
                LeftXLoc = xtestcounter + 1
                'Move up until no more yellow, then back 1 step to locate left pixel location
                Try
                    For ytestcounter = LeftYLoc To 1 Step -1
                        Dim PixelColory As Color = MasterImage.GetPixel(LeftXLoc, ytestcounter)
                        If PixelColory.R < RedTest Then
                            yPixelIsYellow = False
                            Exit Try
                        End If

                        If PixelColory.G < GreenTest Then
                            yPixelIsYellow = False
                            Exit Try
                        End If
                        If PixelColory.B > BlueTest Then
                            xPixelIsYellow = False
                            Exit Try
                        End If

                    Next
                Catch ex As Exception
                    MsgBox("Error in locating upper left pixel")
                Finally
                End Try
                LeftYLoc = ytestcounter + 1
                OutputLine = CurrentDataLine & "," & xcounter & "," & ycounter & "," & LeftXLoc & "," & LeftYLoc
                PrintLine(TargetFileNumber, OutputLine)
            End If
        Next
    Next
    loadedImage.Dispose()
    MasterImage.Dispose()
    ' - I have tried these but no effect 
    'GC.Collect()
    'Runtime.GCSettings.LargeObjectHeapCompactionMode = Runtime.GCLargeObjectHeapCompactionMode.CompactOnce
    'Finalize()
    End Sub

我希望有人会拥有让进程内存稳定的灵丹妙药 - 我已经尝试过 ANTS 但并不满意。

Answer 1

这两行是（至少部分）问题：

Dim MasterImage As New Bitmap(WidthVal, HeightVal, FormatVal)

MasterImage = loadedImage

您创建一个具有指定尺寸和像素格式的新位图，然后您立即替换 MasterImage 变量对新位图的引用与您的 loadedImage 的引用。现在新位图没有任何引用，没有被释放，因此在您关闭进程之前一直存在于内存中。相反，MasterImage 现在指的是 与 loadedImage.

完全相同的 位图

因此，当您的代码处理位图时，它实际上是在尝试处理两次相同的位图：

loadedImage.Dispose()
MasterImage.Dispose() 'This is the exact same bitmap as loadedImage, which is already disposed of.

GDI+ 中的图像数据是非托管内存，这就是托管内存图保持稳定的原因。非托管内存简单地说就是任何不受垃圾收集器 (GC) 管理的内存，这就是为什么调用它的任何方法都无济于事的原因。它必须由程序员手动释放（在本例中通过调用 Dispose()）。

解决方案是根本不创建新位图，因为您从未真正使用过它。完全删除 MasterImage 变量并直接对 loadedImage 进行操作。

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