继承 public/protected/private 个构造函数

Inheriting public/protected/private constructors

如果我理解正确的话:

class Base { /*...*/ };
class Derived: public Base { public: using Base::Base; }

将强制继承 Derived.

中的所有 Base 构造函数

但是 public/protected/private 构造函数呢?

class Base {
    friend void g();
public:
    Base (A a);
protected:
    Base (B b);
private:
    Base (C c);
};

class Derived: public Base {
public:
    using Derived::Derived;
};

我找不到这方面的任何规范,但我尝试了以下方法:

void f () {
    Derived{A{}}; // OK
    Derived{B{}}; // Inaccessible
    Derived{C{}}; // Inaccessible
}

void g () {
    Derived{A{}}; // OK
    Derived{B{}}; // OK
    Derived{C{}}; // OK
}

所以看起来 using Base::Base 在决定​​继承哪些构造函数时没有考虑访问修饰符(它继承了私有构造函数)但是它继承了那些修饰符(private/protected其他人仍然无法访问)并且它允许 private/protected 访问 Base 的朋友(友谊不会继承,因此 g 不是 Derived 的朋友,但它仍然可以访问继承自 Base).

Derived 的 private/protected 构造函数

这是正确且标准的行为吗?

您要查找的规格在 [namespace.udecl] ¶19,重点是我的。

A using-declarator that names a constructor does not create a synonym; instead, the additional constructors are accessible if they would be accessible when used to construct an object of the corresponding base class, and the accessibility of the using-declaration is ignored.

您的测试与该段一致。可访问性检查失败或通过,与在您检查的范围内构造 Base 时完全一样。