cmake 找不到使用 vcpkg 安装的库
cmake cannot find libraries installed with vcpkg
我想在 Windows 的 CMake 项目中使用 vcpkg，因为我需要 boost 和 xerces，它们都由这个包管理器处理。
我有以下 CMakeLists.txt:
cmake_minimum_required (VERSION 3.12.0)
project (myproj)
set (CMAKE_PREFIX_PATH ${XERCES_ROOT})
set (Boost_USE_STATIC_LIBS ON)
set (Boost_USE_MULTITHREADED ON)
unset (Boost_INCLUDE_DIR CACHE)
unset (Boost_LIBRARY_DIRS CACHE)
# set (CMAKE_MODULE_PATH ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/../../cmake/modules)
find_package (Boost COMPONENTS filesystem regex REQUIRED)
find_package (XercesC CONFIG REQUIRED)
set (CMAKE_INCLUDE_CURRENT_DIR ON)
message (STATUS "binary dir is ${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}")
include_directories (${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/${PROJECT_NAME}/)
include_directories (${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/..)
include_directories (${Boost_INCLUDE_DIRS})
include_directories (${XercesC_INCLUDE_DIRS})
set (PROJECT_SRC
code.cpp
)
add_library (${PROJECT_NAME} SHARED ${PROJECT_SRC})
add_dependencies (${PROJECT_NAME} UPDATE_RESOURCES)
target_link_libraries (${PROJECT_NAME} ${Boost_LIBRARIES} XercesC::XercesC)
Boost 和 xerces-c 与 vcpkg 一起安装。由于我使用的是 Visual Studio 代码，因此我在 settings.json:
中设置了 vcpkg 变量
"cmake.configureSettings": {
"CMAKE_TOOLCHAIN_FILE" : "some/path/vcpkg/scripts/buildsystems/vcpkg.cmake",
"VCPKG_TARGET_TRIPLET": "x64-windows"
}
当我 运行 che CMake 时，我得到以下错误：
[cmake] CMake Error at C:/Program Files/CMake/share/cmake-3.14/Modules/FindBoost.cmake:2132 (message):
[cmake] Unable to find the requested Boost libraries.
[cmake]
[cmake] Unable to find the Boost header files. Please set BOOST_ROOT to the root
[cmake] directory containing Boost or BOOST_INCLUDEDIR to the directory containing
[cmake] Boost's headers.
[cmake] Call Stack (most recent call first):
[cmake] D:/projects/vcpkg/scripts/buildsystems/vcpkg.cmake:233 (_find_package)
[cmake] src/myroject/CMakeLists.txt:24 (find_package)
[cmake]
[cmake]
[cmake] CMake Error at D:/Projects/vcpkg/installed/x64-windows/share/xercesc/vcpkg-cmake-wrapper.cmake:1 (_find_package):
[cmake] Could not find a package configuration file provided by "XercesC" with any
[cmake] of the following names:
[cmake]
[cmake] XercesCConfig.cmake
[cmake] xercesc-config.cmake
[cmake]
[cmake] Add the installation prefix of "XercesC" to CMAKE_PREFIX_PATH or set
[cmake] "XercesC_DIR" to a directory containing one of the above files. If
[cmake] "XercesC" provides a separate development package or SDK, be sure it has
[cmake] been installed.
[cmake] Call Stack (most recent call first):
[cmake] D:/Projects/vcpkg/scripts/buildsystems/vcpkg.cmake:189 (include)
[cmake] src/ZLA/CMakeLists.txt:25 (find_package)
[cmake]
[cmake]
[cmake] Configuring incomplete, errors occurred!
[cmake] See also "D:/Projects/zla/build/vscode/CMakeFiles/CMakeOutput.log".
[cms-driver] Error during CMake configure: [cmake-server] Configuration failed.
目前我已经用vcpkg命令安装了xerces，虽然目前还没有安装boost，但我期待在执行cmake命令的过程中，vcpkg会下载并构建需要构建包。
我也试过命令行：
cmake -DCMAKE_TOOLCHAIN_FILE=D:/Projects/vcpkg/scripts/buildsystems/vcpkg.cmake -DVCPKG_TARGET_TRIPLET=x64-windows ../
但结果是一样的
我做错了什么？如何才能成功使用vcpkg？
boost is currently not installed, but I was expecting that during the execution of the cmake command, vcpkg will download and build needed build packages.
据我所知，情况并非如此。您需要预先为计划使用的三元组（即 x64-windows）安装 vcpkg 所需的软件包。然后，您需要确保在 运行 CMake 时使用了正确的三元组（检查 CMakeCache.txt 中的 VCPKG_TARGET_TRIPLET 变量）。如果不正确，您可以更改它并使用 CMake 重新配置。
此外，根据您得到的错误输出，xerces 似乎没有使用 vcpkg 正确安装。您可以通过 运行ning:
检查 vcpkg 安装了什么
vcpkg list --triplet x64-windows
我遇到了同样的问题，只是通过以下方式解决了：
set(CURL_DIR "C:/Libs/vcpkg/installed/x64-windows/share/curl")
或
list(APPEND CMAKE_PREFIX_PATH "C:/Libs/vcpkg/packages/curl_x64-windows/share/curl/")
我在C:/Libs
下安装了vcpkg
- 您需要预先安装软件包（使用 vcpkg install ）。
(然后您可以将工具链指定为 CMake 选项：
-DCMAKE_TOOLCHAIN_FILE=C:\path\to\vcpkg\scripts\buildsystems\vcpkg.cmake
但如果您已经指定了工具链，这将不起作用，例如 cross-compiling。）
- 改为“包含”它以避免此问题：
将此行添加到项目 CMakeLists.txt 之前 find_package():
include(/path/to/vcpkg/scripts/buildsystems/vcpkg.cmake)
理论上它很简单（假设 vcpkg 安装在 C:/vcpkg 中，因为它用于 github 操作）；
- 使用
vcpkg install foo 安装你的“foo”包
- 确保您的 CMakeLists.txt 找到并使用包；
find_package(FOO)
# Use these instead of the package doesn't have proper cmake package support.
# find_path(FOO_INCLUDE_DIRS foo.h)
# find_library(FOO_LIBRARYS foo)
include_directories(${FOO_INCLUDE_DIRS})
target_link_libraries(myprogram ${FOO_LIBRARIES})
- 运行 cmake 与
-DCMAKE_TOOLCHAIN_FILE=C:/vcpkg/scripts/buildsystems/vcpkg.cmake
但是...这对我不起作用，直到我将 --triplet x64-windows 添加到 vcpkg install 命令。
DCMAKE_TOOLCHAIN_FILE 设置各种 CMAKE_(SYSTEM_)?(PREFIX|LIBRARY|INCLUDE|FRAMEWORK)_PATH 变量以启用 find_*() cmake 函数，但请注意这些路径包括 VCPKG_TARGET_TRIPLET。在我的例子中，使用 vcpkg install <foo> 的包安装默认为 x86-windows 但随后使用 -DCMAKE_TOOLCHAIN_FILE=C:/.... 调用 cmake 默认为 x64-windows 所以它找不到包。
目前 vcpkg 默认为较旧的 x86 目标，但现代 Visual Studio（由 githup 操作使用）默认为 x64。解决方法是使用 vcpkg -triplet x64-windows install <foo> 安装软件包。我花了太长时间才发现这个。
我想在 Windows 的 CMake 项目中使用 vcpkg，因为我需要 boost 和 xerces，它们都由这个包管理器处理。
我有以下 CMakeLists.txt:
cmake_minimum_required (VERSION 3.12.0)
project (myproj)
set (CMAKE_PREFIX_PATH ${XERCES_ROOT})
set (Boost_USE_STATIC_LIBS ON)
set (Boost_USE_MULTITHREADED ON)
unset (Boost_INCLUDE_DIR CACHE)
unset (Boost_LIBRARY_DIRS CACHE)
# set (CMAKE_MODULE_PATH ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/../../cmake/modules)
find_package (Boost COMPONENTS filesystem regex REQUIRED)
find_package (XercesC CONFIG REQUIRED)
set (CMAKE_INCLUDE_CURRENT_DIR ON)
message (STATUS "binary dir is ${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}")
include_directories (${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/${PROJECT_NAME}/)
include_directories (${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/..)
include_directories (${Boost_INCLUDE_DIRS})
include_directories (${XercesC_INCLUDE_DIRS})
set (PROJECT_SRC
code.cpp
)
add_library (${PROJECT_NAME} SHARED ${PROJECT_SRC})
add_dependencies (${PROJECT_NAME} UPDATE_RESOURCES)
target_link_libraries (${PROJECT_NAME} ${Boost_LIBRARIES} XercesC::XercesC)
Boost 和 xerces-c 与 vcpkg 一起安装。由于我使用的是 Visual Studio 代码，因此我在 settings.json:
vcpkg 变量
"cmake.configureSettings": {
"CMAKE_TOOLCHAIN_FILE" : "some/path/vcpkg/scripts/buildsystems/vcpkg.cmake",
"VCPKG_TARGET_TRIPLET": "x64-windows"
}
当我 运行 che CMake 时，我得到以下错误：
[cmake] CMake Error at C:/Program Files/CMake/share/cmake-3.14/Modules/FindBoost.cmake:2132 (message):
[cmake] Unable to find the requested Boost libraries.
[cmake]
[cmake] Unable to find the Boost header files. Please set BOOST_ROOT to the root
[cmake] directory containing Boost or BOOST_INCLUDEDIR to the directory containing
[cmake] Boost's headers.
[cmake] Call Stack (most recent call first):
[cmake] D:/projects/vcpkg/scripts/buildsystems/vcpkg.cmake:233 (_find_package)
[cmake] src/myroject/CMakeLists.txt:24 (find_package)
[cmake]
[cmake]
[cmake] CMake Error at D:/Projects/vcpkg/installed/x64-windows/share/xercesc/vcpkg-cmake-wrapper.cmake:1 (_find_package):
[cmake] Could not find a package configuration file provided by "XercesC" with any
[cmake] of the following names:
[cmake]
[cmake] XercesCConfig.cmake
[cmake] xercesc-config.cmake
[cmake]
[cmake] Add the installation prefix of "XercesC" to CMAKE_PREFIX_PATH or set
[cmake] "XercesC_DIR" to a directory containing one of the above files. If
[cmake] "XercesC" provides a separate development package or SDK, be sure it has
[cmake] been installed.
[cmake] Call Stack (most recent call first):
[cmake] D:/Projects/vcpkg/scripts/buildsystems/vcpkg.cmake:189 (include)
[cmake] src/ZLA/CMakeLists.txt:25 (find_package)
[cmake]
[cmake]
[cmake] Configuring incomplete, errors occurred!
[cmake] See also "D:/Projects/zla/build/vscode/CMakeFiles/CMakeOutput.log".
[cms-driver] Error during CMake configure: [cmake-server] Configuration failed.
目前我已经用vcpkg命令安装了xerces，虽然目前还没有安装boost，但我期待在执行cmake命令的过程中，vcpkg会下载并构建需要构建包。
我也试过命令行：
cmake -DCMAKE_TOOLCHAIN_FILE=D:/Projects/vcpkg/scripts/buildsystems/vcpkg.cmake -DVCPKG_TARGET_TRIPLET=x64-windows ../
但结果是一样的
我做错了什么？如何才能成功使用vcpkg？
boost is currently not installed, but I was expecting that during the execution of the cmake command, vcpkg will download and build needed build packages.
据我所知，情况并非如此。您需要预先为计划使用的三元组（即 x64-windows）安装 vcpkg 所需的软件包。然后，您需要确保在 运行 CMake 时使用了正确的三元组（检查 CMakeCache.txt 中的 VCPKG_TARGET_TRIPLET 变量）。如果不正确，您可以更改它并使用 CMake 重新配置。
此外，根据您得到的错误输出，xerces 似乎没有使用 vcpkg 正确安装。您可以通过 运行ning:
vcpkg 安装了什么
vcpkg list --triplet x64-windows
我遇到了同样的问题，只是通过以下方式解决了：
set(CURL_DIR "C:/Libs/vcpkg/installed/x64-windows/share/curl")
或
list(APPEND CMAKE_PREFIX_PATH "C:/Libs/vcpkg/packages/curl_x64-windows/share/curl/")
我在C:/Libs
下安装了vcpkg- 您需要预先安装软件包（使用 vcpkg install ）。
(然后您可以将工具链指定为 CMake 选项：
-DCMAKE_TOOLCHAIN_FILE=C:\path\to\vcpkg\scripts\buildsystems\vcpkg.cmake
但如果您已经指定了工具链，这将不起作用，例如 cross-compiling。）
- 改为“包含”它以避免此问题：
将此行添加到项目 CMakeLists.txt 之前 find_package():
include(/path/to/vcpkg/scripts/buildsystems/vcpkg.cmake)
理论上它很简单（假设 vcpkg 安装在 C:/vcpkg 中，因为它用于 github 操作）；
- 使用
vcpkg install foo 安装你的“foo”包
- 确保您的 CMakeLists.txt 找到并使用包；
find_package(FOO)
# Use these instead of the package doesn't have proper cmake package support.
# find_path(FOO_INCLUDE_DIRS foo.h)
# find_library(FOO_LIBRARYS foo)
include_directories(${FOO_INCLUDE_DIRS})
target_link_libraries(myprogram ${FOO_LIBRARIES})
- 运行 cmake 与
-DCMAKE_TOOLCHAIN_FILE=C:/vcpkg/scripts/buildsystems/vcpkg.cmake
但是...这对我不起作用，直到我将 --triplet x64-windows 添加到 vcpkg install 命令。
DCMAKE_TOOLCHAIN_FILE 设置各种 CMAKE_(SYSTEM_)?(PREFIX|LIBRARY|INCLUDE|FRAMEWORK)_PATH 变量以启用 find_*() cmake 函数，但请注意这些路径包括 VCPKG_TARGET_TRIPLET。在我的例子中，使用 vcpkg install <foo> 的包安装默认为 x86-windows 但随后使用 -DCMAKE_TOOLCHAIN_FILE=C:/.... 调用 cmake 默认为 x64-windows 所以它找不到包。
目前 vcpkg 默认为较旧的 x86 目标，但现代 Visual Studio（由 githup 操作使用）默认为 x64。解决方法是使用 vcpkg -triplet x64-windows install <foo> 安装软件包。我花了太长时间才发现这个。