如何缩放以适合 svg 中的图像

Question

我正在尝试修改 svg 以使其包含的图像占据 svg 的完整宽度和高度。我该怎么做？

我正在尝试将宽度和高度修改为 100%，x、y 为“0”并设置此 svg 属性 preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid meet".

这是初始 svg :

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<svg
    xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"
    xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" version="1.1" width="1512" height="1063" viewBox="0 0 1512 1063" xml:space="preserve">
    <desc>Created with Fabric.js 1.6.7</desc>
    <defs></defs>
    <g transform="translate(776.8 529.9) scale(1.01 0.95)">
        <image id="1554312687213" xlink:href="https://lobservateur-avesnois.easypubphr.fr/wp-content/uploads/sites/6/2018/11/restaurantmodel.png" x="-730.5" y="-782" style="stroke: none; stroke-width: 0; stroke-dasharray: none; stroke-linecap: butt; stroke-linejoin: miter; stroke-miterlimit: 10; fill: none; fill-rule: nonzero; opacity: 1;" width="1461" height="1564" preserveAspectRatio="none"></image>
    </g>
    <g id="1554312687241" transform="translate(781 762.29)">
        <text font-family="ABeeZee" font-size="43" font-style="normal" font-weight="bold" text-decoration="normal" style="stroke: none; stroke-width: 0; stroke-dasharray: none; stroke-linecap: butt; stroke-linejoin: miter; stroke-miterlimit: 10; fill: rgb(255,255,255); fill-rule: nonzero; opacity: 1;">
            <tspan x="-164" y="13.54" fill="#ffffff">Votre entreprise</tspan>
        </text>
    </g>
    <g id="1554312687289" transform="translate(779 847.3)">
        <text font-family="ABeeZee" font-size="20" font-style="normal" font-weight="normal" text-decoration="normal" style="stroke: none; stroke-width: 0; stroke-dasharray: none; stroke-linecap: butt; stroke-linejoin: miter; stroke-miterlimit: 10; fill: rgb(255,255,255); fill-rule: nonzero; opacity: 1;">
            <tspan x="-68.31" y="6.3" fill="#ffffff">Votre adresse </tspan>
        </text>
    </g>
    <g id="1554312687296" transform="translate(776 811.17)">
        <text font-family="ABeeZee" font-size="18" font-style="normal" font-weight="normal" text-decoration="normal" style="stroke: none; stroke-width: 0; stroke-dasharray: none; stroke-linecap: butt; stroke-linejoin: miter; stroke-miterlimit: 10; fill: rgb(255,255,255); fill-rule: nonzero; opacity: 1;">
            <tspan x="-68.83" y="5.67" fill="#ffffff">Votre telephone</tspan>
        </text>
    </g>
</svg>

body {
  padding: 10vw 30vw;
}

svg {
  border: 5px solid;
}

<!--?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no" ?--><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" version="1.1" width="219" height="302" viewBox="0 0 1512 1063" xml:space="preserve"><desc>Created with Fabric.js 1.6.7</desc><defs></defs><g transform="translate(776.8 529.9) scale(1.01 0.95)"><image id="1554312687213" xlink:href="https://lobservateur-avesnois.easypubphr.fr/wp-content/uploads/sites/6/2018/11/restaurantmodel.png" x="-730.5" y="-782" style="stroke: none; stroke-width: 0; stroke-dasharray: none; stroke-linecap: butt; stroke-linejoin: miter; stroke-miterlimit: 10; fill: none; fill-rule: nonzero; opacity: 1;" width="1461" height="1564" preserveAspectRatio="none"></image></g> <g id="1554312687241" transform="translate(781 762.29)">  <text font-family="ABeeZee" font-size="43" font-style="normal" font-weight="bold" text-decoration="normal" style="stroke: none; stroke-width: 0; stroke-dasharray: none; stroke-linecap: butt; stroke-linejoin: miter; stroke-miterlimit: 10; fill: rgb(255,255,255); fill-rule: nonzero; opacity: 1;">   <tspan x="-164" y="13.54" fill="#ffffff">Votre entreprise</tspan>  </text> </g> <g id="1554312687289" transform="translate(779 847.3)">  <text font-family="ABeeZee" font-size="20" font-style="normal" font-weight="normal" text-decoration="normal" style="stroke: none; stroke-width: 0; stroke-dasharray: none; stroke-linecap: butt; stroke-linejoin: miter; stroke-miterlimit: 10; fill: rgb(255,255,255); fill-rule: nonzero; opacity: 1;">   <tspan x="-68.31" y="6.3" fill="#ffffff">Votre adresse </tspan>  </text> </g> <g id="1554312687296" transform="translate(776 811.17)">  <text font-family="ABeeZee" font-size="18" font-style="normal" font-weight="normal" text-decoration="normal" style="stroke: none; stroke-width: 0; stroke-dasharray: none; stroke-linecap: butt; stroke-linejoin: miter; stroke-miterlimit: 10; fill: rgb(255,255,255); fill-rule: nonzero; opacity: 1;">   <tspan x="-68.83" y="5.67" fill="#ffffff">Votre telephone</tspan>  </text> </g></svg>

我一直在努力做的事情：

body {
  padding: 10vw 30vw;
}

svg {
  border: 5px solid;
}

<!--?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no" ?--><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" version="1.1" width="219" height="302" viewBox="0 0 1512 1063" xml:space="preserve" preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid meet"><g transform="translate(776.8 529.9) scale(1.01 0.95)"><image id="1554312687213" xlink:href="https://lobservateur-avesnois.easypubphr.fr/wp-content/uploads/sites/6/2018/11/restaurantmodel.png" x="0" y="0" style="stroke: none; stroke-width: 0; stroke-dasharray: none; stroke-linecap: butt; stroke-linejoin: miter; stroke-miterlimit: 10; fill: none; fill-rule: nonzero; opacity: 1;" width="100%" height="100%" preserveAspectRatio="none"></image></g> <g id="1554312687241" transform="translate(781 762.29)">  <text font-family="ABeeZee" font-size="43" font-style="normal" font-weight="bold" text-decoration="normal" style="stroke: none; stroke-width: 0; stroke-dasharray: none; stroke-linecap: butt; stroke-linejoin: miter; stroke-miterlimit: 10; fill: rgb(255,255,255); fill-rule: nonzero; opacity: 1;">   <tspan x="-164" y="13.54" fill="#ffffff">Votre entreprise</tspan>  </text> </g> <g id="1554312687289" transform="translate(779 847.3)">  <text font-family="ABeeZee" font-size="20" font-style="normal" font-weight="normal" text-decoration="normal" style="stroke: none; stroke-width: 0; stroke-dasharray: none; stroke-linecap: butt; stroke-linejoin: miter; stroke-miterlimit: 10; fill: rgb(255,255,255); fill-rule: nonzero; opacity: 1;">   <tspan x="-68.31" y="6.3" fill="#ffffff">Votre adresse </tspan>  </text> </g> <g id="1554312687296" transform="translate(776 811.17)">  <text font-family="ABeeZee" font-size="18" font-style="normal" font-weight="normal" text-decoration="normal" style="stroke: none; stroke-width: 0; stroke-dasharray: none; stroke-linecap: butt; stroke-linejoin: miter; stroke-miterlimit: 10; fill: rgb(255,255,255); fill-rule: nonzero; opacity: 1;">   <tspan x="-68.83" y="5.67" fill="#ffffff">Votre telephone</tspan>  </text> </g></svg>

我期待这样的结果：

body {
  padding: 10vw 30vw;
}

svg {
  border: 5px solid;
}

<svg width="300px" height="300px" viewBox="0 0 579 375" preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid slice">
  
  <image xlink:href="https://s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com/s.cdpn.io/9674/photo-1501366062246-723b4d3e4eb6.jpg" x="0" y="0" width="100%" height="100%"></image>
  
</svg>

但是，如果我只是更改 expect svg 的图像 url，结果与我的预期不同，我不明白为什么。

body {
  padding: 10vw 30vw;
}

svg {
  border: 5px solid;
}

<svg width="300px" height="300px" viewBox="0 0 579 375" preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid slice">
  
  <image xlink:href="https://lobservateur-avesnois.easypubphr.fr/wp-content/uploads/sites/6/2018/11/restaurantmodel.png" x="0" y="0" width="100%" height="100%"></image>
  
</svg>

最后objective是下载png格式的svg。转png的代码写完了，但是因为这个svg的问题，最后的图片不是很好

Answer 1

您遇到的问题是图片有宽透明边框。您要么需要使用类似 Photoshop 的软件来切断该边框，要么您可以这样做：

body {
  padding: 10vw 30vw;
}

svg {
  border: 5px solid;
}

<svg viewBox="-304 -506 608 1005" >
    <g id="theg">
      <image id="1554312687213" xlink:href="https://lobservateur-avesnois.easypubphr.fr/wp-content/uploads/sites/6/2018/11/restaurantmodel.png" x="-733" y="-750" width="1461" height="1564"></image>
</g>
    <g id="theText" text-anchor="middle" fill="#ffffff">
        <text font-family="ABeeZee" font-size="43" font-style="normal" font-weight="bold" >Votre entreprise</text>
      <text font-family="ABeeZee" y="30" font-size="20" >Votre adresse</text>
      <text font-family="ABeeZee" font-size="18" y="60" >Votre telephone</text>
    </g>
</svg>

Answer 2

您需要调整 viewBox 属性。你现在拥有的那个太大了。您的重要内容占据该区域中间的一小部分。

您当前的 viewBox 是：

viewBox="0 0 1512 1063"

更好的 viewBox 匹配背景图片的非透明部分是：

viewBox="472 16 616 960"

body {
  padding: 10vw 30vw;
}

svg {
  border: 5px solid;
}

<!--?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no" ?-->
<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" version="1.1" width="219" height="302" viewBox="472 16 616 960" xml:space="preserve">
  <desc>Created with Fabric.js 1.6.7</desc>
  <defs></defs>
  <g transform="translate(776.8 529.9) scale(1.01 0.95)">
    <image id="1554312687213" xlink:href="https://lobservateur-avesnois.easypubphr.fr/wp-content/uploads/sites/6/2018/11/restaurantmodel.png" x="-730.5" y="-782" width="1461" height="1564" preserveAspectRatio="none"></image>
  </g>
  <g id="1554312687241" transform="translate(781 762.29)">
    <text font-family="ABeeZee" font-size="43" font-style="normal" font-weight="bold" text-decoration="normal" style="stroke: none; stroke-width: 0; stroke-dasharray: none; stroke-linecap: butt; stroke-linejoin: miter; stroke-miterlimit: 10; fill: rgb(255,255,255); fill-rule: nonzero; opacity: 1;">
      <tspan x="-164" y="13.54" fill="#ffffff">Votre entreprise</tspan>
    </text>
  </g>
  <g id="1554312687289" transform="translate(779 847.3)">
    <text font-family="ABeeZee" font-size="20" font-style="normal" font-weight="normal" text-decoration="normal" style="stroke: none; stroke-width: 0; stroke-dasharray: none; stroke-linecap: butt; stroke-linejoin: miter; stroke-miterlimit: 10; fill: rgb(255,255,255); fill-rule: nonzero; opacity: 1;">
      <tspan x="-68.31" y="6.3" fill="#ffffff">Votre adresse </tspan>
    </text>
  </g>
  <g id="1554312687296" transform="translate(776 811.17)">
    <text font-family="ABeeZee" font-size="18" font-style="normal" font-weight="normal" text-decoration="normal" style="stroke: none; stroke-width: 0; stroke-dasharray: none; stroke-linecap: butt; stroke-linejoin: miter; stroke-miterlimit: 10; fill: rgb(255,255,255); fill-rule: nonzero; opacity: 1;">
      <tspan x="-68.83" y="5.67" fill="#ffffff">Votre telephone</tspan>
    </text>
  </g>
</svg>

然而在这个例子中它仍然不完全适合。这是因为您的 SVG 尺寸 (219 x 302) 与 image/viewBox (616x960).

的宽高比不同

您可以通过多种方式解决该问题：

您可以通过向 SVG 添加 preserveAspectRatio="none" 来拉伸 viewBox 区域，以适应更宽的 SVG 尺寸。

body {
  padding: 10vw 30vw;
}

svg {
  border: 5px solid;
}

<!--?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no" ?-->
<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" version="1.1" width="219" height="302" viewBox="472 16 616 960" preserveAspectRatio="none">
  <desc>Created with Fabric.js 1.6.7</desc>
  <defs></defs>
  <g transform="translate(776.8 529.9) scale(1.01 0.95)">
    <image id="1554312687213" xlink:href="https://lobservateur-avesnois.easypubphr.fr/wp-content/uploads/sites/6/2018/11/restaurantmodel.png" x="-730.5" y="-782" width="1461" height="1564" preserveAspectRatio="none"></image>
  </g>
  <g id="1554312687241" transform="translate(781 762.29)">
    <text font-family="ABeeZee" font-size="43" font-style="normal" font-weight="bold" text-decoration="normal" style="stroke: none; stroke-width: 0; stroke-dasharray: none; stroke-linecap: butt; stroke-linejoin: miter; stroke-miterlimit: 10; fill: rgb(255,255,255); fill-rule: nonzero; opacity: 1;">
      <tspan x="-164" y="13.54" fill="#ffffff">Votre entreprise</tspan>
    </text>
  </g>
  <g id="1554312687289" transform="translate(779 847.3)">
    <text font-family="ABeeZee" font-size="20" font-style="normal" font-weight="normal" text-decoration="normal" style="stroke: none; stroke-width: 0; stroke-dasharray: none; stroke-linecap: butt; stroke-linejoin: miter; stroke-miterlimit: 10; fill: rgb(255,255,255); fill-rule: nonzero; opacity: 1;">
      <tspan x="-68.31" y="6.3" fill="#ffffff">Votre adresse </tspan>
    </text>
  </g>
  <g id="1554312687296" transform="translate(776 811.17)">
    <text font-family="ABeeZee" font-size="18" font-style="normal" font-weight="normal" text-decoration="normal" style="stroke: none; stroke-width: 0; stroke-dasharray: none; stroke-linecap: butt; stroke-linejoin: miter; stroke-miterlimit: 10; fill: rgb(255,255,255); fill-rule: nonzero; opacity: 1;">
      <tspan x="-68.83" y="5.67" fill="#ffffff">Votre telephone</tspan>
    </text>
  </g>
</svg>

您可以通过向 SVG 添加 preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid slice" 来安排扩大 viewBox 区域以适应更宽的 SVG 尺寸（相当于 HTML 的 background-size: cover）。 =70=]

body {
  padding: 10vw 30vw;
}

svg {
  border: 5px solid;
}

<!--?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no" ?-->
<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" version="1.1" width="219" height="302" viewBox="472 16 616 960" preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid slice">
  <desc>Created with Fabric.js 1.6.7</desc>
  <defs></defs>
  <g transform="translate(776.8 529.9) scale(1.01 0.95)">
    <image id="1554312687213" xlink:href="https://lobservateur-avesnois.easypubphr.fr/wp-content/uploads/sites/6/2018/11/restaurantmodel.png" x="-730.5" y="-782" width="1461" height="1564" preserveAspectRatio="none"></image>
  </g>
  <g id="1554312687241" transform="translate(781 762.29)">
    <text font-family="ABeeZee" font-size="43" font-style="normal" font-weight="bold" text-decoration="normal" style="stroke: none; stroke-width: 0; stroke-dasharray: none; stroke-linecap: butt; stroke-linejoin: miter; stroke-miterlimit: 10; fill: rgb(255,255,255); fill-rule: nonzero; opacity: 1;">
      <tspan x="-164" y="13.54" fill="#ffffff">Votre entreprise</tspan>
    </text>
  </g>
  <g id="1554312687289" transform="translate(779 847.3)">
    <text font-family="ABeeZee" font-size="20" font-style="normal" font-weight="normal" text-decoration="normal" style="stroke: none; stroke-width: 0; stroke-dasharray: none; stroke-linecap: butt; stroke-linejoin: miter; stroke-miterlimit: 10; fill: rgb(255,255,255); fill-rule: nonzero; opacity: 1;">
      <tspan x="-68.31" y="6.3" fill="#ffffff">Votre adresse </tspan>
    </text>
  </g>
  <g id="1554312687296" transform="translate(776 811.17)">
    <text font-family="ABeeZee" font-size="18" font-style="normal" font-weight="normal" text-decoration="normal" style="stroke: none; stroke-width: 0; stroke-dasharray: none; stroke-linecap: butt; stroke-linejoin: miter; stroke-miterlimit: 10; fill: rgb(255,255,255); fill-rule: nonzero; opacity: 1;">
      <tspan x="-68.83" y="5.67" fill="#ffffff">Votre telephone</tspan>
    </text>
  </g>
</svg>

您可以通过减少 width 属性使 SVG 变窄。更正确的值是：
```
302 * (616/960) ~= 194
```

body {
  padding: 10vw 30vw;
}

svg {
  border: 5px solid;
}

<!--?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no" ?-->
<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" version="1.1" width="194" height="302" viewBox="472 16 616 960">
  <desc>Created with Fabric.js 1.6.7</desc>
  <defs></defs>
  <g transform="translate(776.8 529.9) scale(1.01 0.95)">
    <image id="1554312687213" xlink:href="https://lobservateur-avesnois.easypubphr.fr/wp-content/uploads/sites/6/2018/11/restaurantmodel.png" x="-730.5" y="-782" width="1461" height="1564" preserveAspectRatio="none"></image>
  </g>
  <g id="1554312687241" transform="translate(781 762.29)">
    <text font-family="ABeeZee" font-size="43" font-style="normal" font-weight="bold" text-decoration="normal" style="stroke: none; stroke-width: 0; stroke-dasharray: none; stroke-linecap: butt; stroke-linejoin: miter; stroke-miterlimit: 10; fill: rgb(255,255,255); fill-rule: nonzero; opacity: 1;">
      <tspan x="-164" y="13.54" fill="#ffffff">Votre entreprise</tspan>
    </text>
  </g>
  <g id="1554312687289" transform="translate(779 847.3)">
    <text font-family="ABeeZee" font-size="20" font-style="normal" font-weight="normal" text-decoration="normal" style="stroke: none; stroke-width: 0; stroke-dasharray: none; stroke-linecap: butt; stroke-linejoin: miter; stroke-miterlimit: 10; fill: rgb(255,255,255); fill-rule: nonzero; opacity: 1;">
      <tspan x="-68.31" y="6.3" fill="#ffffff">Votre adresse </tspan>
    </text>
  </g>
  <g id="1554312687296" transform="translate(776 811.17)">
    <text font-family="ABeeZee" font-size="18" font-style="normal" font-weight="normal" text-decoration="normal" style="stroke: none; stroke-width: 0; stroke-dasharray: none; stroke-linecap: butt; stroke-linejoin: miter; stroke-miterlimit: 10; fill: rgb(255,255,255); fill-rule: nonzero; opacity: 1;">
      <tspan x="-68.83" y="5.67" fill="#ffffff">Votre telephone</tspan>
    </text>
  </g>
</svg>

如何缩放以适合 svg 中的图像

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