通过两个隐式构造函数构造一个值?

Constructing a value through two implicit constructors?

TLDR:我有两个模板化的 类 OuterInnerInner<X>可以从X隐式构造,Outer<Y>可以从Y隐式构造。 Outer<Inner<X>> = X() 应该工作吗?

更多详情:

假设我有以下两个类:

template<typename T> 
class Inner {
  public: 
    Inner(const T& value) {}
    Inner(T&& value) {}
};

template<typename T>
class Outer {
  public:
    Outer(const T& value) {}
    Outer(T&& value) {}
};

考虑以下函数:

struct SomeType{};
Outer<Inner<SomeType>> DoSomethingFails() {
  SomeType value;
  return value;      
}

g++ 抱怨:

no viable conversion from 'SomeType' to 'Outer<Inner<SomeType> >'
note: candidate constructor not viable: no known conversion from 'SomeType' to 'const Inner<SomeType> &' for 1st argument

但如果我改为执行以下操作:

Outer<Inner<SomeType>> DoSomethingWorks() {
  SomeType value;
  return Inner<SomeType>(value);      
}

有效。期望 DoSomethingFails 工作是否合理?如果不是,为什么?能否以 DoSomethingFails 有效的方式更改代码?

您的第一个示例需要两个用户定义的转换才能编译 — SomeType -> Inner -> Outer。但是,最多可以隐式应用一个用户定义的转换。

引用 N3337,§12.3 [class.conv]

1   Type conversions of class objects can be specified by constructors and by conversion functions. These conversions are called user-defined conversions and are used for implicit type conversions (Clause 4), for initialization (8.5), and for explicit type conversions (5.4, 5.2.9).

4   At most one user-defined conversion (constructor or conversion function) is implicitly applied to a single value.


如果目标是避免在 return 语句中提及 Inner<SomeType>,您可以使用列表初始化。

Outer<Inner<SomeType>> DoSomethingWorks2() {
  SomeType value;
  return {std::move(value)};
}