异步更新视图

Updating Views asynchronously

我正在尝试使用我想异步获取的网络数据填充 recyclerview

我有一个名为onCreateView()的函数loadData(),它首先使加载指示器可见,然后调用挂起函数加载数据,然后尝试通知视图适配器进行更新。

但此时我得到以下异常:

android.view.ViewRootImpl$CalledFromWrongThreadException: Only the original thread that created a view hierarchy can touch its views.

这让我感到惊讶,因为我的理解是只有我的 get_top_books() 函数在不同的线程上被调用,而之前当我显示加载指示器时,我显然是在正确的线程上。

那么为什么会引发这个 运行 时间异常?

我的代码:

class DiscoverFragment: Fragment() {

    lateinit var loadingIndicator: TextView
    lateinit var viewAdapter: ViewAdapter
    var books = Books(arrayOf<String>("no books"), arrayOf<String>("no books"), arrayOf<String>("no books"))

    override fun onCreateView(inflater: LayoutInflater, container: ViewGroup?, savedInstanceState: Bundle?): View? {
        val viewFrame = layoutInflater?.inflate(R.layout.fragment_discover, container, false)

        val viewManager = GridLayoutManager(viewFrame!!.context, 2)
        viewAdapter = ViewAdapter(books)
        loadingIndicator = viewFrame.findViewById<TextView>(R.id.loading_indicator)

        val pxSpacing = (viewFrame.context.resources.displayMetrics.density * 8f + .5f).toInt()

        val recyclerView = viewFrame.findViewById<RecyclerView>(R.id.recycler).apply {
            setHasFixedSize(true)
            layoutManager = viewManager
            adapter = viewAdapter
            addItemDecoration(RecyclerViewDecorationSpacer(pxSpacing, 2))
        }

        loadData()

        return viewFrame
    }

    fun loadData() = CoroutineScope(Dispatchers.Default).launch {
        loadingIndicator.visibility = View.VISIBLE
        val task = async(Dispatchers.IO) {
            get_top_books()
        }
        books = task.await()
        viewAdapter.notifyDataSetChanged()
        loadingIndicator.visibility = View.INVISIBLE
    }
}

UI 相关语句应该在 UI 线程中执行,仅从链接代码我无法判断,但也许您正在更改 UI 这个函数 get_top_books().

只需将相关 UI 代码放在 UI 线程中,就像这样

runOnUiThread(
    object : Runnable {
        override fun run() {
            Log.i(TAG, "runOnUiThread")
        }
    }
)

调用 books = task.await() 之后,您处于 UI 线程之外。您应该 运行 所有 UI 主线程中的相关代码。为此,您可以使用 Dispatchers.Main.

CoroutineScope(Dispatchers.Main).launch {
    viewAdapter.notifyDataSetChanged()
    loadingIndicator.visibility = View.INVISIBLE
}

或使用Handler

Handler(Looper.getMainLooper()).post { 
    viewAdapter.notifyDataSetChanged()
    loadingIndicator.visibility = View.INVISIBLE
}

或者你可以使用Activty实例来调用runOnUiThread方法。

activity!!.runOnUiThread {
    viewAdapter.notifyDataSetChanged()
    loadingIndicator.visibility = View.INVISIBLE
}

调用 books = task.await() 之后,您处于 UI 线程之外。那是因为你用了CoroutineScope(Dispatchers.Default)。将其更改为 Dispatchers.Main:

fun loadData() = CoroutineScope(Dispatchers.Main).launch {
        loadingIndicator.visibility = View.VISIBLE
        val task = async(Dispatchers.IO) {
            get_top_books()
        }
        books = task.await()
        viewAdapter.notifyDataSetChanged()
        loadingIndicator.visibility = View.INVISIBLE
    }

Dispatchers.Default 更改为 Dispatchers.Main 并将我的 kotlinx-coroutines-android 版本升级到 1.1.1 成功了。

改变

val task = async(Dispatchers.IO) {
    get_top_books()
}
books = task.await()

books = withContext(Dispatchers.IO) {
    get_top_books()
}

也更优雅一点。感谢所有回复的人,尤其是@DominicFischer,他有想法检查我的依赖关系。