SQL 服务器：从第 1 行减去第 2 行，从第 2 行减去第 3 行等

Question

我正在努力解决 SQL 服务器中的算法，我不知道如何解决这个问题。我有一个包含时间戳的列，我已按 desc 对其进行了排序。

我需要找出第 2 行和第 1 行、第 3 行和第 2 行之间的区别，并将其显示在新行中。最终的 table 应该如下所示：

ID                        Type                 Time_Stamp      Difference

xxx                       YYY                  00:03:12          00:00:02
xxx                       ZZZ                  00:03:14          00:00:02
xxx                       ZZZ                  00:03:16

我可以使用某种 SQL 功能吗？如果您有任何想法，请告诉我。

干杯，

Answer 1

样本TABLE

CREATE TABLE #TEMP(ID VARCHAR(10),[TYPE] VARCHAR(10),TIME_STAMP TIME)

INSERT INTO #TEMP

SELECT 'xxx' ,                      'YYY',                  '00:03:12'   
UNION ALL      
SELECT 'xxx',                       'ZZZ',                  '00:03:14' 
UNION ALL       
SELECT 'xxx',                       'ZZZ',                  '00:03:16'

您需要执行自连接逻辑才能获取下一行的记录

查询

;WITH CTE AS
(
    SELECT ROW_NUMBER()OVER(ORDER BY TIME_STAMP)RNO,*
    FROM #TEMP
)
SELECT C1.*,'00:00:'+CAST(DATEDIFF(S,C1.TIME_STAMP,C2.TIME_STAMP)AS VARCHAR(2)) D
FROM CTE C1 
LEFT JOIN CTE C2 ON C1.RNO=C2.RNO-1

Click here 查看结果

Answer 2

使用Window Function

;WITH cte
     AS (SELECT Row_number()
                  OVER(
                    ORDER BY time_stamp) rn,
                *
         FROM   yourtable)
SELECT a.ID,
       a.Type,
       a.Time_Stamp,
       CONVERT(VARCHAR(10), Datediff(second, a.Time_Stamp, b.Time_Stamp)/3600)
       + ':'
       + RIGHT('00'+CONVERT(VARCHAR(2), (Datediff(second, a.Time_Stamp, b.Time_Stamp)%3600)/60), 2)
       + ':'
       + RIGHT('00'+CONVERT(VARCHAR(2), Datediff(second, a.Time_Stamp, b.Time_Stamp)%60), 2) AS [Difference]
FROM   cte a
       LEFT JOIN cte b
              ON a.rn = b.rn - 1

如果您使用 Sql Server 2012+ 则使用 Lead 函数

;WITH cte
     AS (SELECT *,
                Datediff(second, time_stamp, Lead(time_stamp)
                                               OVER(
                                                 ORDER BY time_stamp)) AS Sec
         FROM   yourtable)
SELECT a.ID,
       a.Type,
       a.Time_Stamp,
       CONVERT(VARCHAR(10), sec/3600) + ':'
       + RIGHT('00'+CONVERT(VARCHAR(2), (sec%3600)/60), 2)
       + ':'
       + RIGHT('00'+CONVERT(VARCHAR(2), sec%60), 2) AS [Difference]
FROM   cte a

更新： 要插入 temp table，请执行此操作。

;WITH cte
     AS (SELECT Row_number()
                  OVER(
                    ORDER BY time_stamp) rn,
                *
         FROM   yourtable)
SELECT a.ID,
       a.Type,
       a.Time_Stamp,
       CONVERT(VARCHAR(10), Datediff(second, a.Time_Stamp, b.Time_Stamp)/3600)
       + ':'
       + RIGHT('00'+CONVERT(VARCHAR(2), (Datediff(second, a.Time_Stamp, b.Time_Stamp)%3600)/60), 2)
       + ':'
       + RIGHT('00'+CONVERT(VARCHAR(2), Datediff(second, a.Time_Stamp, b.Time_Stamp)%60), 2) AS [Difference] 
into #tempTable    --Here you need to use into temptable
FROM   cte a
       LEFT JOIN cte b
              ON a.rn = b.rn - 1

或 create 温度 table 并使用

......
 Insert into #temptable
 SELECT a.ID,
           a.Type,
           a.Time_Stamp
......

SQL 服务器：从第 1 行减去第 2 行，从第 2 行减去第 3 行等

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