即使在显式配置 Content-Type 之后，Perl CGI 脚本仍会输出原始 HTML

Question

我在渲染 Perl CGI 脚本时遇到很多问题 HTML。它一直输出 HTML 作为纯文本。我什至尝试用 print header("text/html");

显式设置 Content-Type

下面的代码有没有问题？ -

use CGI qw(:standard);

# other code

print header("text/html"); 
# also tried just print header;

my $banner = "Some text";
print start_html($banner);
print h3($banner);

print start_form(-method=>"POST");
# HTML form specific code
print end_form;

print end_html;

当我在 Chrome 的开发者工具上查看元素选项卡时，由于某种原因，整个 HTML 被包裹在 <pre> 中标签又位于另一个 HTML 文档中。所以 HTML 格式不正确，但我无法理解为什么 -

    <html>

    <head></head>

    <body>
        <pre style="word-wrap: break-word; white-space: pre-wrap;">&lt;!DOCTYPE html
        PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN"
         "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"&gt;
    &lt;html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" lang="en-US" xml:lang="en-US"&gt;
    &lt;head&gt;
    &lt;title&gt;Some text&lt;/title&gt;
    &lt;meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1" /&gt;
    &lt;/head&gt;
    &lt;body&gt;
    &lt;h3&gt;Some text&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;form method="post" action="/path/script.pl?param1=val1&param2=val2" enctype="multipart/form-data"&gt;

    //form specific code

&lt;/form&gt;
    &lt;/body&gt;
    &lt;/html&gt;</pre>
    </body>

    </html>

如有任何帮助，我们将不胜感激。

Answer 1

试试这个：

print(header(-type => 'text/html'));

至少对我有用。

Answer 2

Is there anything wrong with the following code? -

是的。对于初学者来说，它甚至无法编译。

$ perl <<'__EOS__'
use CGI qw(:standard);

// other code

print header("text/html"); // also tried just print header;
my $banner = "Some text";
print start_html($banner);
print h3($banner);

print start_form(-method=>"POST");
// HTML form specific code
print end_form;

print end_html;
__EOS__
Bareword found where operator expected at - line 3, near "// other"
        (Missing operator before other?)
Bareword found where operator expected at - line 3, near "other code"
        (Do you need to predeclare other?)
Bareword found where operator expected at - line 5, near "// also"
        (Missing operator before also?)
Bareword found where operator expected at - line 11, near "// HTML"
        (Missing operator before HTML?)
Bareword found where operator expected at - line 11, near "specific code"
        (Do you need to predeclare specific?)
syntax error at - line 3, near "// other "
syntax error at - line 5, near "// also tried "
syntax error at - line 11, near "// HTML form "
Execution of - aborted due to compilation errors.

但是在将所有 // 更改为 # 之后，我们得到了一个非常好的程序，它不输出任何 PRE 元素。

$ perl <<'__EOS__'
use CGI qw(:standard);

# other code

print header("text/html"); # also tried just print header;
my $banner = "Some text";
print start_html($banner);
print h3($banner);

print start_form(-method=>"POST");
# HTML form specific code
print end_form;

print end_html;
__EOS__
Content-Type: text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1

<!DOCTYPE html
        PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN"
         "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" lang="en-US" xml:lang="en-US">
<head>
<title>Some text</title>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1" />
</head>
<body>
<h3>Some text</h3><form method="post" action="http://localhost" enctype="multipart/form-data"></form>
</body>
</html>

Answer 3

当我运行你的程序时，我得到以下输出：

Content-Type: text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1

<!DOCTYPE html
    PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN"
     "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" lang="en-US" xml:lang="en-US">
<head>
<title>Some text</title>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1" />
</head>
<body>
<h3>Some text</h3><form method="post" action="http://localhost" enctype="multipart/form-data"></form>
</body>
</html>

这正是我希望看到的，与您所看到的完全不同。我可以看到两种可能性来解释这种差异：

您程序的 # other code 部分中有些东西正在输出一组 CGI headers（也许还有 <pre> 标签）。
您实际上并没有运行在 CGI 环境中编译代码，并且有一些不寻常的 Web 配置从您的程序中获取输出并将其嵌入到另一个网页中。

区分这两种情况的一种简单方法是运行从命令行访问您的程序并查看您获得的输出。如果你得到你的输出，那么问题出在 # other code 的某处，如果你得到我的输出，那么问题出在 Web 服务器配置中。

顺便说一句，我强烈建议您阅读标题为 HTML Generation functions should no longer be used in a recent version of the CGI module documentation and the CGI::Alternatives 页面的部分，了解一些关于更好方法的建议。

即使在显式配置 Content-Type 之后，Perl CGI 脚本仍会输出原始 HTML

Perl CGI script outputs raw HTML even after explicitly configuring Content-Type

html

apache

perl

cgi

content-type