如何在 Ubuntu 19.04 上安装 Python 3.6？
How to install Python 3.6 on Ubuntu 19.04?
我最近安装了 Ubuntu 19.04，默认情况下有 Python 3.7。我需要处理多个使用 Python 3.6.
的项目
有没有办法在 Disco Dingo 上安装它？
我试过哪个适用于 16.04
milano@milano-desktop:~$ sudo add-apt-repository ppa:jonathonf/python-3.6
...
milano@milano-desktop:~$ sudo apt-get install python3.6
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
Note, selecting 'python3.6-2to3' for regex 'python3.6'
Note, selecting 'libpython3.6-stdlib' for regex 'python3.6'
The following packages were automatically installed and are no longer required:
fonts-liberation2 fonts-opensymbol gir1.2-geocodeglib-1.0
gir1.2-gst-plugins-base-1.0 gir1.2-gstreamer-1.0 gir1.2-gudev-1.0
gir1.2-udisks-2.0 grilo-plugins-0.3-base gstreamer1.0-gtk3 guile-2.2-libs
libboost-date-time1.67.0 libboost-filesystem1.67.0 libboost-iostreams1.67.0
libboost-locale1.67.0 libcdr-0.1-1 libclucene-contribs1v5 libclucene-core1v5
libcmis-0.5-5v5 libcolamd2 libcurl4 libdazzle-1.0-0 libe-book-0.1-1 libeot0
libepubgen-0.1-1 libetonyek-0.1-1 libevent-2.1-6 libfreerdp-client2-2
libfreerdp2-2 libgc1c2 libgee-0.8-2 libgom-1.0-0 libgpgmepp6 libgpod-common
libgpod4 liblangtag-common liblangtag1 liblirc-client0 liblua5.3-0
libmediaart-2.0-0 libminiupnpc17 libmspub-0.1-1 libodfgen-0.1-1
liborcus-0.14-0 libqqwing2v5 libraw19 librevenge-0.0-0 libsgutils2-2
libsuitesparseconfig5 libvncclient1 libwinpr2-2 libxmlsec1 libxmlsec1-nss
lp-solve media-player-info python3-mako python3-markupsafe syslinux
syslinux-common syslinux-legacy usb-creator-common
Use 'sudo apt autoremove' to remove them.
0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
milano@milano-desktop:~$ python3.6
Command 'python3.6' not found, did you mean:
command 'python3.8' from deb python3.8-minimal (3.8.0~a3-2)
command 'python3.7' from deb python3.7-minimal (3.7.3-2)
Try: sudo apt install <deb name>
python3 + tab
milano@milano-desktop:~$ python3
python3 python3.7 python3.7m python3m
死蛇
milano@milano-desktop:~$ sudo add-apt-repository ppa:deadsnakes/ppa
This PPA contains more recent Python versions packaged for Ubuntu.
Disclaimer: there's no guarantee of timely updates in case of security problems or other issues. If you want to use them in a security-or-otherwise-critical environment (say, on a production server), you do so at your own risk.
Update Note
===========
Please use this repository instead of ppa:fkrull/deadsnakes.
Reporting Issues
================
Issues can be reported in the master issue tracker at:
https://github.com/deadsnakes/issues/issues
Supported Ubuntu and Python Versions
====================================
Python 3.6 - Ubuntu 14.04, Ubuntu 16.04
For Ubuntu up to 18.04, there's also packages for old Python versions from 2.3 to 3.4.
The packages may also work on other versions of Ubuntu or Debian, but that is not tested or supported.
Third-Party Python Modules
==========================
Python modules in the official Ubuntu repositories are packaged to work with the Python interpreters from the official repositories. Accordingly, they generally won't work with the Python interpreters from this PPA. As an exception, pure-Python modules for Python 3 will work, but any compiled extension modules won't.
To install 3rd-party Python modules, you should use the common Python packaging tools. For an introduction into the Python packaging ecosystem and its tools, refer to the Python Packaging User Guide:
https://packaging.python.org/installing/
Sources
=======
The package sources are available at:
https://github.com/deadsnakes/
More info: https://launchpad.net/~deadsnakes/+archive/ubuntu/ppa
Press [ENTER] to continue or Ctrl-c to cancel adding it.
Hit:1 http://cz.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu disco InRelease
Ign:2 http://ppa.launchpad.net/deadsnakes/ppa/ubuntu disco InRelease
Get:3 http://cz.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu disco-updates InRelease [88,4 kB]
Hit:4 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu disco-security InRelease
Hit:5 http://cz.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu disco-backports InRelease
Ign:6 http://ppa.launchpad.net/jonathonf/python-3.6/ubuntu disco InRelease
Err:7 http://ppa.launchpad.net/deadsnakes/ppa/ubuntu disco Release
404 Not Found [IP: 91.189.95.83 80]
Err:8 http://ppa.launchpad.net/jonathonf/python-3.6/ubuntu disco Release
404 Not Found [IP: 91.189.95.83 80]
Reading package lists... Done
E: The repository 'http://ppa.launchpad.net/deadsnakes/ppa/ubuntu disco Release' does not have a Release file.
N: Updating from such a repository can't be done securely, and is therefore disabled by default.
N: See apt-secure(8) manpage for repository creation and user configuration details.
E: The repository 'http://ppa.launchpad.net/jonathonf/python-3.6/ubuntu disco Release' does not have a Release file.
N: Updating from such a repository can't be done securely, and is therefore disabled by default.
N: See apt-secure(8) manpage for repository creation and user configuration details.
是的，正如@furas 所说，您可以下载 python 3.6.8 or 3.6.7 (these are direct link of .xz source files if you want in another format, visit 3.6.8 or 3.6.7)
的源代码
这些是来源README.rst文件中的一些内容
Build Instructions
------------------
On Unix, Linux, BSD, macOS, and Cygwin::
./configure
make
make test
sudo make install
This will install Python as python3.
如果您希望 python3.6 在您的系统中安装为 python3.6（而不是 python3），这里是 README.rst 文件[=15 中的一些其他指南=]
For example, if you want to install Python 2.7, 3.5, and 3.6 with 3.6 being the
primary version, you would execute ``make install`` in your 3.6 build directory
and ``make altinstall`` in the others.
谢谢...
无需从源码编译，只需手动下载并安装 deb-packages python 3.6 及依赖项：
wget http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/main/p/python3.6/libpython3.6-minimal_3.6.7-1~18.10_amd64.deb
dpkg -i libpython3.6-minimal_3.6.7-1~18.10_amd64.deb
wget http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/main/p/python3.6/libpython3.6-stdlib_3.6.7-1~18.10_amd64.deb
dpkg -i libpython3.6-stdlib_3.6.7-1~18.10_amd64.deb
wget http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/main/p/python3.6/python3.6-minimal_3.6.7-1~18.10_amd64.deb
dpkg -i python3.6-minimal_3.6.7-1~18.10_amd64.deb
wget http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/main/p/python3.6/python3.6_3.6.7-1~18.10_amd64.deb
dpkg -i python3.6_3.6.7-1~18.10_amd64.deb
这足以运行 python 3.6。但是，某些模块可能无法使用，例如pycurl，结果我没有找到解决方案。
尝试导入时出现 ModuleNotFoundError，尝试安装 pycurl 时出现 ImportError 错误：无法导入名称 'sysconfig' 因为 python3-distutils 包是从 3.7 版本开始安装的，不兼容。
从 3.6 手动安装会破坏 3.7 版的依赖关系，无论如何 apt 都会尝试修复它。
不要乱用你的系统。
Ubuntu 19.04 作为 Python 3.7 作为给定的标准，所以如果你想使用 Python 3.6.*，你应该安装 conda 并创建一个具有特定 Python版本：
conda create --name py36 -c conda-forge python=3.6.* pip
当然，您也可以创建其他虚拟环境并使用 pip。
或者您可以前往 docker。
在 Linux / macOS 上你可以像
那样使用 nix
nix-env -iA nixpkgs.python37
进入一个环境，例如在这种情况下 Python3.7（当然你可以更改版本）
或者作为一个非常好的 Python（高级）环境，您可以使用 mach-nix（带有 nix），例如
mach-nix env ./env -r requirements.txt
（甚至支持 conda [但目前处于测试阶段]）
或通过api喜欢
nix-shell -p nixFlakes --run "nix run github:davhau/mach-nix#with.ipython.pandas.seaborn.bokeh.scikit-learn "
如果你真的想在操作系统上更改版本，那么我建议使用 NixOS。
我最近安装了 Ubuntu 19.04，默认情况下有 Python 3.7。我需要处理多个使用 Python 3.6.
有没有办法在 Disco Dingo 上安装它？
我试过哪个适用于 16.04
milano@milano-desktop:~$ sudo add-apt-repository ppa:jonathonf/python-3.6
...
milano@milano-desktop:~$ sudo apt-get install python3.6
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
Note, selecting 'python3.6-2to3' for regex 'python3.6'
Note, selecting 'libpython3.6-stdlib' for regex 'python3.6'
The following packages were automatically installed and are no longer required:
fonts-liberation2 fonts-opensymbol gir1.2-geocodeglib-1.0
gir1.2-gst-plugins-base-1.0 gir1.2-gstreamer-1.0 gir1.2-gudev-1.0
gir1.2-udisks-2.0 grilo-plugins-0.3-base gstreamer1.0-gtk3 guile-2.2-libs
libboost-date-time1.67.0 libboost-filesystem1.67.0 libboost-iostreams1.67.0
libboost-locale1.67.0 libcdr-0.1-1 libclucene-contribs1v5 libclucene-core1v5
libcmis-0.5-5v5 libcolamd2 libcurl4 libdazzle-1.0-0 libe-book-0.1-1 libeot0
libepubgen-0.1-1 libetonyek-0.1-1 libevent-2.1-6 libfreerdp-client2-2
libfreerdp2-2 libgc1c2 libgee-0.8-2 libgom-1.0-0 libgpgmepp6 libgpod-common
libgpod4 liblangtag-common liblangtag1 liblirc-client0 liblua5.3-0
libmediaart-2.0-0 libminiupnpc17 libmspub-0.1-1 libodfgen-0.1-1
liborcus-0.14-0 libqqwing2v5 libraw19 librevenge-0.0-0 libsgutils2-2
libsuitesparseconfig5 libvncclient1 libwinpr2-2 libxmlsec1 libxmlsec1-nss
lp-solve media-player-info python3-mako python3-markupsafe syslinux
syslinux-common syslinux-legacy usb-creator-common
Use 'sudo apt autoremove' to remove them.
0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
milano@milano-desktop:~$ python3.6
Command 'python3.6' not found, did you mean:
command 'python3.8' from deb python3.8-minimal (3.8.0~a3-2)
command 'python3.7' from deb python3.7-minimal (3.7.3-2)
Try: sudo apt install <deb name>
python3 + tab
milano@milano-desktop:~$ python3
python3 python3.7 python3.7m python3m
死蛇
milano@milano-desktop:~$ sudo add-apt-repository ppa:deadsnakes/ppa
This PPA contains more recent Python versions packaged for Ubuntu.
Disclaimer: there's no guarantee of timely updates in case of security problems or other issues. If you want to use them in a security-or-otherwise-critical environment (say, on a production server), you do so at your own risk.
Update Note
===========
Please use this repository instead of ppa:fkrull/deadsnakes.
Reporting Issues
================
Issues can be reported in the master issue tracker at:
https://github.com/deadsnakes/issues/issues
Supported Ubuntu and Python Versions
====================================
Python 3.6 - Ubuntu 14.04, Ubuntu 16.04
For Ubuntu up to 18.04, there's also packages for old Python versions from 2.3 to 3.4.
The packages may also work on other versions of Ubuntu or Debian, but that is not tested or supported.
Third-Party Python Modules
==========================
Python modules in the official Ubuntu repositories are packaged to work with the Python interpreters from the official repositories. Accordingly, they generally won't work with the Python interpreters from this PPA. As an exception, pure-Python modules for Python 3 will work, but any compiled extension modules won't.
To install 3rd-party Python modules, you should use the common Python packaging tools. For an introduction into the Python packaging ecosystem and its tools, refer to the Python Packaging User Guide:
https://packaging.python.org/installing/
Sources
=======
The package sources are available at:
https://github.com/deadsnakes/
More info: https://launchpad.net/~deadsnakes/+archive/ubuntu/ppa
Press [ENTER] to continue or Ctrl-c to cancel adding it.
Hit:1 http://cz.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu disco InRelease
Ign:2 http://ppa.launchpad.net/deadsnakes/ppa/ubuntu disco InRelease
Get:3 http://cz.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu disco-updates InRelease [88,4 kB]
Hit:4 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu disco-security InRelease
Hit:5 http://cz.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu disco-backports InRelease
Ign:6 http://ppa.launchpad.net/jonathonf/python-3.6/ubuntu disco InRelease
Err:7 http://ppa.launchpad.net/deadsnakes/ppa/ubuntu disco Release
404 Not Found [IP: 91.189.95.83 80]
Err:8 http://ppa.launchpad.net/jonathonf/python-3.6/ubuntu disco Release
404 Not Found [IP: 91.189.95.83 80]
Reading package lists... Done
E: The repository 'http://ppa.launchpad.net/deadsnakes/ppa/ubuntu disco Release' does not have a Release file.
N: Updating from such a repository can't be done securely, and is therefore disabled by default.
N: See apt-secure(8) manpage for repository creation and user configuration details.
E: The repository 'http://ppa.launchpad.net/jonathonf/python-3.6/ubuntu disco Release' does not have a Release file.
N: Updating from such a repository can't be done securely, and is therefore disabled by default.
N: See apt-secure(8) manpage for repository creation and user configuration details.
是的，正如@furas 所说，您可以下载 python 3.6.8 or 3.6.7 (these are direct link of .xz source files if you want in another format, visit 3.6.8 or 3.6.7)
的源代码这些是来源README.rst文件中的一些内容
Build Instructions
------------------
On Unix, Linux, BSD, macOS, and Cygwin::
./configure
make
make test
sudo make install
This will install Python as python3.
如果您希望 python3.6 在您的系统中安装为 python3.6（而不是 python3），这里是 README.rst 文件[=15 中的一些其他指南=]
For example, if you want to install Python 2.7, 3.5, and 3.6 with 3.6 being the
primary version, you would execute ``make install`` in your 3.6 build directory
and ``make altinstall`` in the others.
谢谢...
无需从源码编译，只需手动下载并安装 deb-packages python 3.6 及依赖项：
wget http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/main/p/python3.6/libpython3.6-minimal_3.6.7-1~18.10_amd64.deb
dpkg -i libpython3.6-minimal_3.6.7-1~18.10_amd64.deb
wget http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/main/p/python3.6/libpython3.6-stdlib_3.6.7-1~18.10_amd64.deb
dpkg -i libpython3.6-stdlib_3.6.7-1~18.10_amd64.deb
wget http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/main/p/python3.6/python3.6-minimal_3.6.7-1~18.10_amd64.deb
dpkg -i python3.6-minimal_3.6.7-1~18.10_amd64.deb
wget http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/main/p/python3.6/python3.6_3.6.7-1~18.10_amd64.deb
dpkg -i python3.6_3.6.7-1~18.10_amd64.deb
这足以运行 python 3.6。但是，某些模块可能无法使用，例如pycurl，结果我没有找到解决方案。 尝试导入时出现 ModuleNotFoundError，尝试安装 pycurl 时出现 ImportError 错误：无法导入名称 'sysconfig' 因为 python3-distutils 包是从 3.7 版本开始安装的，不兼容。 从 3.6 手动安装会破坏 3.7 版的依赖关系，无论如何 apt 都会尝试修复它。
不要乱用你的系统。
Ubuntu 19.04 作为 Python 3.7 作为给定的标准，所以如果你想使用 Python 3.6.*，你应该安装 conda 并创建一个具有特定 Python版本：
conda create --name py36 -c conda-forge python=3.6.* pip
当然，您也可以创建其他虚拟环境并使用 pip。
或者您可以前往 docker。
在 Linux / macOS 上你可以像
那样使用 nixnix-env -iA nixpkgs.python37
进入一个环境，例如在这种情况下 Python3.7（当然你可以更改版本）
或者作为一个非常好的 Python（高级）环境，您可以使用 mach-nix（带有 nix），例如
mach-nix env ./env -r requirements.txt
（甚至支持 conda [但目前处于测试阶段]）
或通过api喜欢
nix-shell -p nixFlakes --run "nix run github:davhau/mach-nix#with.ipython.pandas.seaborn.bokeh.scikit-learn "
如果你真的想在操作系统上更改版本，那么我建议使用 NixOS。