制定正确的场景短语

Question

我想知道下面的 Gherkin 短语是否符合 BDD 规则：

final class KafkaSpec extends BddSpec {

  feature("Kafka distribution to SAP server via websocket") {

    scenario("Kafka consumer does not receive messages from Kafka server") {
      Given("Kafka server is NOT active")
      When("consumer client get started")
      val ex = SenderActor.run
      Then("print message `Failed to connect to Kafka`")
      ex.failed map { ex =>
        assertThrows[ConnectException](ex)
      }
    }

    scenario("Kafka consumer receives messages from Kafka server") {
      Given("Kafka server is ACTIVE")
      When("consumer client get started")
      Then("print message `Successfully connected to Kafka`")
      succeed
    }

  }
}

我使用正确的时态吗？我是否正确使用 Given-When-Then？

Answer 1

Givens（上下文）很好；对于那些，我们通常使用现在时或过去时：

Given the kafka server is active <-- continuous present
Given the kafka server was started <-- past tense

Whens（事件），最好能用主动语态。主动语态从谁做的开始。谁启动了服务器？（我在这里也纠正了一点英语。）

When the consumer client was started <-- passive voice
When our consumer starts their client <-- active voice

对于Thens（结果），我很喜欢"should"这个词。它鼓励人们质疑它；它真的应该发生吗？现在？在这个版本中？是否有任何背景不应该发生这种情况或应该发生不同的事情？它是否还会发生，或者这种情况已经改变？

Then the consumer interface should print the message, `Successfully connected to Kafka`.

还有一件事：最后一步的细节对我来说有点太多了。如果消息发生变化，您必须在所有地方进行更改。相反，我将其保留在代码中（您可以抽象出步骤）并会说类似的内容：

Then the interface should tell the consumer that the connection was successful.

这就是我们通常所说的"declarative over imperative"。这里用被动语态也可以：

Then the consumer should be told that the connection was successful.

使用 "should" 这个词也有助于区分一个场景的结果和另一个场景的给定结果；通常这些与形成另一个场景背景的结果重叠：

Given Priscilla has an account
When she enters her username and password correctly
Then she should be on her home page.

Given Priscilla is on her home page...

I wrote more about tenses and language of BDD here, where you'll also find tons of other resources for new BDDers under the BDD category.

制定正确的场景短语

Formulate correct scenario phrase

bdd

scala