如何使用控制器 class 以 ActionEvent 作为参数切换场景？
How can I switch scenes using a controller class, with ActionEvent as parameter?
我想制作一个可以在场景之间切换的基本图形用户界面。我知道以前有人问过这个问题，相信我，我已经尝试寻找解决方案几个小时都无济于事，所以我求助于此。
相关代码如下：
public class MainMenuController implements Initializable {
public void startNewGame(ActionEvent event) throws IOException {
Parent tableViewParent = FXMLLoader.load(getClass().getResource("Game.fxml"));
Scene tableViewScene = new Scene(tableViewParent);
Stage window = (Stage)((Node)event.getSource()).getScene().getWindow();
window.setScene(tableViewScene);
window.show();
}
@Override
public void initialize(URL url, ResourceBundle rb) {
}
这是主应用程序：
public class MainApplication extends Application {
@Override
public void start(Stage primaryStage) throws Exception{
Parent root = FXMLLoader.load(getClass().getResource("MainMenu.fxml"));
primaryStage.setTitle("Main Menu");
primaryStage.setScene(new Scene(root));
primaryStage.show();
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
launch(args);
}
当我 运行 时，它给出了这个错误：
Exception in Application start method
java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException
at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
at java.base/java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:567)
at javafx.graphics/com.sun.javafx.application.LauncherImpl.launchApplicationWithArgs(LauncherImpl.java:464)
at javafx.graphics/com.sun.javafx.application.LauncherImpl.launchApplication(LauncherImpl.java:363)
at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
at java.base/java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:567)
at java.base/sun.launcher.LauncherHelper$FXHelper.main(LauncherHelper.java:1051)
Caused by: java.lang.RuntimeException: Exception in Application start method
at javafx.graphics/com.sun.javafx.application.LauncherImpl.launchApplication1(LauncherImpl.java:900)
at javafx.graphics/com.sun.javafx.application.LauncherImpl.lambda$launchApplication(LauncherImpl.java:195)
at java.base/java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:835)
Caused by: javafx.fxml.LoadException: Error resolving onAction='#startNewGame', either the event handler is not in the Namespace or there is an error in the script.
...
at javafx.fxml/javafx.fxml.FXMLLoader.constructLoadException(FXMLLoader.java:2621)
at javafx.fxml/javafx.fxml.FXMLLoader$Element.processEventHandlerAttributes(FXMLLoader.java:618)
at javafx.fxml/javafx.fxml.FXMLLoader$ValueElement.processEndElement(FXMLLoader.java:778)
at javafx.fxml/javafx.fxml.FXMLLoader.processEndElement(FXMLLoader.java:2838)
at javafx.fxml/javafx.fxml.FXMLLoader.loadImpl(FXMLLoader.java:2557)
at javafx.fxml/javafx.fxml.FXMLLoader.loadImpl(FXMLLoader.java:2466)
at javafx.fxml/javafx.fxml.FXMLLoader.loadImpl(FXMLLoader.java:3237)
at javafx.fxml/javafx.fxml.FXMLLoader.loadImpl(FXMLLoader.java:3194)
at javafx.fxml/javafx.fxml.FXMLLoader.loadImpl(FXMLLoader.java:3163)
at javafx.fxml/javafx.fxml.FXMLLoader.loadImpl(FXMLLoader.java:3136)
at javafx.fxml/javafx.fxml.FXMLLoader.loadImpl(FXMLLoader.java:3113)
at javafx.fxml/javafx.fxml.FXMLLoader.load(FXMLLoader.java:3106)
at GUI.MainApplication.start(MainApplication.java:13)
at javafx.graphics/com.sun.javafx.application.LauncherImpl.lambda$launchApplication1(LauncherImpl.java:846)
at javafx.graphics/com.sun.javafx.application.PlatformImpl.lambda$runAndWait(PlatformImpl.java:455)
at javafx.graphics/com.sun.javafx.application.PlatformImpl.lambda$runLater(PlatformImpl.java:428)
at java.base/java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(AccessController.java:389)
at javafx.graphics/com.sun.javafx.application.PlatformImpl.lambda$runLater(PlatformImpl.java:427)
at javafx.graphics/com.sun.glass.ui.InvokeLaterDispatcher$Future.run(InvokeLaterDispatcher.java:96)
at javafx.graphics/com.sun.glass.ui.win.WinApplication._runLoop(Native Method)
at javafx.graphics/com.sun.glass.ui.win.WinApplication.lambda$runLoop(WinApplication.java:174)
... 1 more
Exception running application GUI.MainApplication
所以我知道这是由处理按钮动作的方法引起的。只要它们没有参数ActionEvent.
，我就可以成功地制作其他带有动作的按钮
似乎每当我添加此参数以访问操作事件时，此方法都无法识别。我认为我在设置主应用程序或控制器甚至 fxml 时做的根本错误。看了那么多教程也不是很懂，因为我也有类似的东西。
这是 fxml 文件。起始场景（MainMenu.fxml）：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<?import javafx.scene.control.Button?>
<?import javafx.scene.control.Label?>
<?import javafx.scene.layout.AnchorPane?>
<?import javafx.scene.text.Font?>
<AnchorPane fx:id="ap" maxHeight="-Infinity" maxWidth="-Infinity" minHeight="-Infinity" minWidth="-Infinity" prefHeight="658.0" prefWidth="885.0" xmlns="http://javafx.com/javafx/11.0.1" xmlns:fx="http://javafx.com/fxml/1" fx:controller="GUI.MainMenuController">
<children>
<Label fx:id="title" layoutX="322.0" layoutY="30.0" prefHeight="48.0" prefWidth="241.0" text="Text Adventure">
<font>
<Font size="35.0" />
</font>
</Label>
<Button layoutX="384.0" layoutY="204.0" mnemonicParsing="false" onAction="#startNewGame" prefHeight="51.0" prefWidth="117.0" text="Start New Game" />
</children>
</AnchorPane>
将切换到的场景(Game.fxml):
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<?import javafx.scene.control.Label?>
<?import javafx.scene.control.RadioButton?>
<?import javafx.scene.control.ToggleGroup?>
<?import javafx.scene.layout.AnchorPane?>
<?import javafx.scene.text.Font?>
<AnchorPane maxHeight="-Infinity" maxWidth="-Infinity" minHeight="-Infinity" minWidth="-Infinity" prefHeight="658.0" prefWidth="885.0" xmlns="http://javafx.com/javafx/11.0.1" xmlns:fx="http://javafx.com/fxml/1" fx:controller="GUI.GameController">
<children>
<RadioButton fx:id="radio1" layoutX="201.0" layoutY="337.0" mnemonicParsing="false" onAction="#radio1Click" text="RadioButton">
<toggleGroup>
<ToggleGroup fx:id="group" />
</toggleGroup>
</RadioButton>
<RadioButton fx:id="radio2" layoutX="201.0" layoutY="402.0" mnemonicParsing="false" onAction="#radio2Click" text="RadioButton" toggleGroup="$group" />
<RadioButton fx:id="radio3" layoutX="201.0" layoutY="469.0" mnemonicParsing="false" onAction="#radio3Click" text="RadioButton" toggleGroup="$group" />
<Label fx:id="output" layoutX="169.0" layoutY="25.0" prefHeight="231.0" prefWidth="462.0" text="Label">
<font>
<Font size="17.0" />
</font>
</Label>
</children>
</AnchorPane>
经过数小时的头痛和浪费时间后，答案是 Netbeans 导入了错误版本的 ActionEvent（java.awt 版本而不是 javafx 版本）。如果将来有人遇到此问题，请确保您以这种方式导入：
import javafx.event.ActionEvent;
我想制作一个可以在场景之间切换的基本图形用户界面。我知道以前有人问过这个问题，相信我，我已经尝试寻找解决方案几个小时都无济于事，所以我求助于此。
相关代码如下：
public class MainMenuController implements Initializable {
public void startNewGame(ActionEvent event) throws IOException {
Parent tableViewParent = FXMLLoader.load(getClass().getResource("Game.fxml"));
Scene tableViewScene = new Scene(tableViewParent);
Stage window = (Stage)((Node)event.getSource()).getScene().getWindow();
window.setScene(tableViewScene);
window.show();
}
@Override
public void initialize(URL url, ResourceBundle rb) {
}
这是主应用程序：
public class MainApplication extends Application {
@Override
public void start(Stage primaryStage) throws Exception{
Parent root = FXMLLoader.load(getClass().getResource("MainMenu.fxml"));
primaryStage.setTitle("Main Menu");
primaryStage.setScene(new Scene(root));
primaryStage.show();
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
launch(args);
}
当我 运行 时，它给出了这个错误：
Exception in Application start method
java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException
at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
at java.base/java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:567)
at javafx.graphics/com.sun.javafx.application.LauncherImpl.launchApplicationWithArgs(LauncherImpl.java:464)
at javafx.graphics/com.sun.javafx.application.LauncherImpl.launchApplication(LauncherImpl.java:363)
at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
at java.base/java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:567)
at java.base/sun.launcher.LauncherHelper$FXHelper.main(LauncherHelper.java:1051)
Caused by: java.lang.RuntimeException: Exception in Application start method
at javafx.graphics/com.sun.javafx.application.LauncherImpl.launchApplication1(LauncherImpl.java:900)
at javafx.graphics/com.sun.javafx.application.LauncherImpl.lambda$launchApplication(LauncherImpl.java:195)
at java.base/java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:835)
Caused by: javafx.fxml.LoadException: Error resolving onAction='#startNewGame', either the event handler is not in the Namespace or there is an error in the script.
...
at javafx.fxml/javafx.fxml.FXMLLoader.constructLoadException(FXMLLoader.java:2621)
at javafx.fxml/javafx.fxml.FXMLLoader$Element.processEventHandlerAttributes(FXMLLoader.java:618)
at javafx.fxml/javafx.fxml.FXMLLoader$ValueElement.processEndElement(FXMLLoader.java:778)
at javafx.fxml/javafx.fxml.FXMLLoader.processEndElement(FXMLLoader.java:2838)
at javafx.fxml/javafx.fxml.FXMLLoader.loadImpl(FXMLLoader.java:2557)
at javafx.fxml/javafx.fxml.FXMLLoader.loadImpl(FXMLLoader.java:2466)
at javafx.fxml/javafx.fxml.FXMLLoader.loadImpl(FXMLLoader.java:3237)
at javafx.fxml/javafx.fxml.FXMLLoader.loadImpl(FXMLLoader.java:3194)
at javafx.fxml/javafx.fxml.FXMLLoader.loadImpl(FXMLLoader.java:3163)
at javafx.fxml/javafx.fxml.FXMLLoader.loadImpl(FXMLLoader.java:3136)
at javafx.fxml/javafx.fxml.FXMLLoader.loadImpl(FXMLLoader.java:3113)
at javafx.fxml/javafx.fxml.FXMLLoader.load(FXMLLoader.java:3106)
at GUI.MainApplication.start(MainApplication.java:13)
at javafx.graphics/com.sun.javafx.application.LauncherImpl.lambda$launchApplication1(LauncherImpl.java:846)
at javafx.graphics/com.sun.javafx.application.PlatformImpl.lambda$runAndWait(PlatformImpl.java:455)
at javafx.graphics/com.sun.javafx.application.PlatformImpl.lambda$runLater(PlatformImpl.java:428)
at java.base/java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(AccessController.java:389)
at javafx.graphics/com.sun.javafx.application.PlatformImpl.lambda$runLater(PlatformImpl.java:427)
at javafx.graphics/com.sun.glass.ui.InvokeLaterDispatcher$Future.run(InvokeLaterDispatcher.java:96)
at javafx.graphics/com.sun.glass.ui.win.WinApplication._runLoop(Native Method)
at javafx.graphics/com.sun.glass.ui.win.WinApplication.lambda$runLoop(WinApplication.java:174)
... 1 more
Exception running application GUI.MainApplication
所以我知道这是由处理按钮动作的方法引起的。只要它们没有参数ActionEvent.
似乎每当我添加此参数以访问操作事件时，此方法都无法识别。我认为我在设置主应用程序或控制器甚至 fxml 时做的根本错误。看了那么多教程也不是很懂，因为我也有类似的东西。
这是 fxml 文件。起始场景（MainMenu.fxml）：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<?import javafx.scene.control.Button?>
<?import javafx.scene.control.Label?>
<?import javafx.scene.layout.AnchorPane?>
<?import javafx.scene.text.Font?>
<AnchorPane fx:id="ap" maxHeight="-Infinity" maxWidth="-Infinity" minHeight="-Infinity" minWidth="-Infinity" prefHeight="658.0" prefWidth="885.0" xmlns="http://javafx.com/javafx/11.0.1" xmlns:fx="http://javafx.com/fxml/1" fx:controller="GUI.MainMenuController">
<children>
<Label fx:id="title" layoutX="322.0" layoutY="30.0" prefHeight="48.0" prefWidth="241.0" text="Text Adventure">
<font>
<Font size="35.0" />
</font>
</Label>
<Button layoutX="384.0" layoutY="204.0" mnemonicParsing="false" onAction="#startNewGame" prefHeight="51.0" prefWidth="117.0" text="Start New Game" />
</children>
</AnchorPane>
将切换到的场景(Game.fxml):
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<?import javafx.scene.control.Label?>
<?import javafx.scene.control.RadioButton?>
<?import javafx.scene.control.ToggleGroup?>
<?import javafx.scene.layout.AnchorPane?>
<?import javafx.scene.text.Font?>
<AnchorPane maxHeight="-Infinity" maxWidth="-Infinity" minHeight="-Infinity" minWidth="-Infinity" prefHeight="658.0" prefWidth="885.0" xmlns="http://javafx.com/javafx/11.0.1" xmlns:fx="http://javafx.com/fxml/1" fx:controller="GUI.GameController">
<children>
<RadioButton fx:id="radio1" layoutX="201.0" layoutY="337.0" mnemonicParsing="false" onAction="#radio1Click" text="RadioButton">
<toggleGroup>
<ToggleGroup fx:id="group" />
</toggleGroup>
</RadioButton>
<RadioButton fx:id="radio2" layoutX="201.0" layoutY="402.0" mnemonicParsing="false" onAction="#radio2Click" text="RadioButton" toggleGroup="$group" />
<RadioButton fx:id="radio3" layoutX="201.0" layoutY="469.0" mnemonicParsing="false" onAction="#radio3Click" text="RadioButton" toggleGroup="$group" />
<Label fx:id="output" layoutX="169.0" layoutY="25.0" prefHeight="231.0" prefWidth="462.0" text="Label">
<font>
<Font size="17.0" />
</font>
</Label>
</children>
</AnchorPane>
经过数小时的头痛和浪费时间后，答案是 Netbeans 导入了错误版本的 ActionEvent（java.awt 版本而不是 javafx 版本）。如果将来有人遇到此问题，请确保您以这种方式导入：
import javafx.event.ActionEvent;