使用 f 字符串格式化具有相同宽度的数字 python

Formatting numbers with same width using f-strings python

我想使用 f 字符串格式化具有相同宽度的数字数组。数字可以是正数也可以是负数。

最小工作示例

import numpy as np  
arr = np.random.rand(10) - 0.5 
for num in arr:
    print(f"{num:0.4f}")

结果是

0.0647
-0.2608
-0.2724
0.2642
0.0429
0.1461
-0.3285
-0.3914

由于负号,数字没有以相同的宽度打印出来,这很烦人。如何使用 f-strings 获得相同的宽度?

我能想到的一种方法是将数字转换为字符串并打印字符串。但是还有比这更好的方法吗?

for num in a: 
    str_ = f"{num:0.4f}" 
    print(f"{str_:>10}")

在格式规范之前使用space

#        v-- here
>>> f"{5: 0.4f}"
' 5.0000'
>>> f"{-5: 0.4f}"
'-5.0000'

或加号(+)强制显示所有个符号:

>>> f"{5:+0.4f}"
'+5.0000'

您可以使用符号 formatting选项:

>>> import numpy as np
>>> arr = np.random.rand(10) - 0.5
>>> for num in arr:
...     print(f'{num: .4f}')  # note the leading space in the format specifier
...
 0.1715
 0.2838
-0.4955
 0.4053
-0.3658
-0.2097
 0.4535
-0.3285
-0.2264
-0.0057

引用文档:

The sign option is only valid for number types, and can be one of the following:

Option    Meaning
'+'       indicates that a sign should be used for both positive as well as
          negative numbers.
'-'       indicates that a sign should be used only for negative numbers (this
          is the default behavior).
space     indicates that a leading space should be used on positive numbers,
          and a minus sign on negative numbers.