读取文件名时如何修复文件移动脚本中的 FileNotFoundError？

Question

我的 Python 脚本读取文件的前两个字符，创建一个名为前两个字符的文件夹，然后创建一个名为第 3 个和第 4 个字符的子文件夹。然后它将文件复制到名为 image 和 thumb 的子文件夹的两个子文件夹中。但是即使它正确读取文件名，当我尝试使用 shutil.copy().

时它也会引发 FileNotFoundError

import shutil
import os
from pathlib import Path

assets_path = Path("/Users/Jackson Clark/Desktop/uploads")
export_path = Path("/Users/Jackson Clark/Desktop/uploads")

source = os.listdir(assets_path)

'''
NOTE: Filters.js is the important file
The logic:
    - Go through each file in the assets_path directory
    - Rename the files to start with RoCode (this could be a seperate script)
    - Create a new directory with the first four characters of the files name
    - Create two sub directories with the names 'image' and 'thumb'
    - Copy the file to both the 'image' and 'thumb' directories
    That should be all, but who knows tbh
Good links:
    - https://www.pythonforbeginners.com/os/python-the-shutil-module
    - https://stackabuse.com/creating-and-deleting-directories-with-python/
'''
for f in source:
    f_string = str(f)
    folder_one_name = f_string[0:2]
    folder_two_name = f_string[2:4]

    path_to_export_one = os.path.join(export_path, folder_one_name)
    path_to_export_two = os.path.join(export_path, folder_one_name,
                                      folder_two_name)

    try: 
        os.mkdir(path_to_export_one)
        os.mkdir(path_to_export_two)
        os.mkdir(os.path.join(path_to_export_two, "image"))
        os.mkdir(os.path.join(path_to_export_two, "thumb"))
        shutil.copy(f, os.path.join(path_to_export_two, "image"))
        shutil.copy(f, os.path.join(path_to_export_two, "thumb"))
    except FileExistsError as err:
        try:
            shutil.copy(f, os.path.join(path_to_export_two, "image"))
            shutil.copy(f, os.path.join(path_to_export_two, "thumb"))
        except FileNotFoundError as err:
            print("FileNotFoundError2 on " + f + " file")
    except FileNotFoundError as err:
        print("FileNotFoundError1 on " + f + " file")

Answer 1

您使用的 f 是一个像 "readme.txt" 这样的简单字符串。这是因为 os.listdir() returns 给定目录的条目列表，每个条目只是在这个目录中的名称（不是完整路径）。您的脚本可能不在该目录中运行，因此访问 readme.txt 无效。

我建议简单地在前面加上 f 所在的路径。

顺便说一句，来自 pathlib 的 Path 对象知道运算符 /，因此您可以像这样以更具可读性的方式编写代码：

path_to_export_one = export_path / folder_one_name
path_to_export_two = path_to_export_one / folder_two_name
...
f_path = assets_path / f
...
shutil.copy(f_path, path_to_export_two / 'image')

读取文件名时如何修复文件移动脚本中的 FileNotFoundError？

How to fix FileNotFoundError in file moving script when it reads the filenames?

python

shutil

python-3.x

pathlib