提取 sql 中两个字符之间的字符串

Question

我在从字符串中提取所选字符时遇到问题

这是来自名为 'TXT' 的字段的值片段：

FNP, 10/09/2018,PO-00123456 - F333330- FA_002056
FNP, 18-09-2018,PO-00987654 - F010122- FA_002056
FNP, 28/12/2017,PO-00123987 - F10101
FNP, 13-03-2019,FRPO-35412 - F27272-ANNUL PO

我想提取 F333330、F010122、F10101 和 F27272

我尝试过使用 charindex、left/right 和 substring 但未能破解它

SELECT TXT , 
CASE WHEN CHARINDEX('-',(SUBSTRING(txt,CHARINDEX('-',txt,2)+1,99)))=0
THEN 
LTRIM(RTRIM(SUBSTRING(txt,CHARINDEX('-',txt,2)+1,99)))
ELSE 
LTRIM(RTRIM(SUBSTRING(txt,CHARINDEX('-',txt,2) +1,CHARINDEX('-',SUBSTRING(txt,CHARINDEX('-',txt,2)+1,99))-1)))
END
FROM #test

我想要的行集只显示：

F333330
F010122
F10101
F27272

我尝试过不使用 case 语句的子字符串的其他变体，但没有成功。有人可以帮忙吗？

谢谢，纽姆斯

Answer 1

试试这个？

DECLARE @test TABLE (TXT VARCHAR(500));
INSERT INTO @test SELECT 'FNP, 10/09/2018,PO-00123456 - F333330- FA_002056' UNION ALL
SELECT 'FNP, 18-09-2018,PO-00987654 - F010122- FA_002056' UNION ALL
SELECT 'FNP, 28/12/2017,PO-00123987 - F10101' UNION ALL 
SELECT 'FNP, 13-03-2019,FRPO-35412 - F27272-ANNUL PO';
SELECT SUBSTRING(TXT, PATINDEX('%- F%', TXT) + 2, CASE WHEN CHARINDEX('-', SUBSTRING(TXT, PATINDEX('%- F%', TXT) + 2, 99)) = 0 THEN 99 ELSE CHARINDEX('-', SUBSTRING(TXT, PATINDEX('%- F%', TXT) + 2, 99)) - 1 END)
FROM @test;

...或者，多出一行：

DECLARE @test TABLE (TXT VARCHAR(500));
INSERT INTO @test SELECT 'FNP, 10/09/2018,PO-00123456 - F333330- FA_002056' UNION ALL
SELECT 'FNP, 18-09-2018,PO-00987654 - F010122- FA_002056' UNION ALL
SELECT 'FNP, 28/12/2017,PO-00123987 - F10101' UNION ALL 
SELECT 'FNP, 13-03-2019,FRPO-35412 - F27272-ANNUL PO' UNION ALL
SELECT 'FNP, 11/10/2017,PO-00112311 - F32121 regul po 112311';
SELECT SUBSTRING(TXT, PATINDEX('%- F%', TXT) + 2, 
    CASE 
        WHEN CHARINDEX('-', SUBSTRING(TXT, PATINDEX('%- F%', TXT) + 2, 99)) != 0 THEN CHARINDEX('-', SUBSTRING(TXT, PATINDEX('%- F%', TXT) + 2, 99)) - 1 
        WHEN CHARINDEX(' ', SUBSTRING(TXT, PATINDEX('%- F%', TXT) + 2, 99)) != 0 THEN CHARINDEX(' ', SUBSTRING(TXT, PATINDEX('%- F%', TXT) + 2, 99)) - 1 
        ELSE 99
    END)
FROM @test;

...或重复次数较少的奖励（使用 CTE）：

WITH x AS (
    SELECT SUBSTRING(TXT, PATINDEX('%- F%', TXT) + 2, 99) AS TXT FROM @test)
SELECT SUBSTRING(TXT, 0, 
    CASE 
        WHEN CHARINDEX('-', TXT) != 0 THEN CHARINDEX('-', TXT) - 1
        WHEN CHARINDEX(' ', TXT) != 0 THEN CHARINDEX(' ', TXT) - 1
        ELSE 99
    END)
FROM x;

Answer 2

这是一个使用 parsename() 和 CROSS APPLY

的选项

例子

Declare @YourTable table (Txt varchar(500))
Insert Into @YourTable values
('FNP, 10/09/2018,PO-00123456 - F333330- FA_002056')
,('FNP, 18-09-2018,PO-00987654 - F010122- FA_002056')
,('FNP, 28/12/2017,PO-00123987 - F10101')
,('FNP, 13-03-2019,FRPO-35412 - F27272-ANNUL PO')

Select A.Txt
      ,NewValue = case when parsename(S,3) is null then parsename(S,1) else parsename(S,2) end
 From  @YourTable A
 Cross Apply (values ( replace(replace(parsename(replace(TXT,',','.'),1),'PO-','PO'),'-','.') )) B(S)

Returns

Txt                                                  NewValue
FNP, 10/09/2018,PO-00123456 - F333330- FA_002056     F333330
FNP, 18-09-2018,PO-00987654 - F010122- FA_002056     F010122
FNP, 28/12/2017,PO-00123987 - F10101                 F10101
FNP, 13-03-2019,FRPO-35412 - F27272-ANNUL PO         F27272

Answer 3

我知道我来晚了一点，但假设文本以 F 开头并且您知道良好值的 min/max 长度，这是一种快速有效的方法。对于此示例，我假设该值的长度为 5-7 个字符，但这可以轻松调整。

DECLARE @YourTable table (SomeId INT IDENTITY PRIMARY KEY, Txt varchar(500))
Insert Into @YourTable values
('FNP, 10/09/2018,PO-00123456 - F333330- FA_002056')
,('FNP, 18-09-2018,PO-00987654 - F010122- FA_002056')
,('FNP, 28/12/2017,PO-00123987 - F10101')
,('FNP, 13-03-2019,FRPO-35412 - F27272-ANNUL PO')


SELECT 
  t.SomeID, 
  ItemLength = MAX(r.N), 
  ItemIndex  = MAX(p.P),
  Item       = SUBSTRING(MAX(t.Txt),MAX(p.P),MAX(r.N)+1)
FROM @YourTable AS t
CROSS JOIN  (VALUES(4),(5),(6))                          AS r(N)
CROSS APPLY (VALUES('%F'+REPLICATE('[0-9A-Z]',r.N)+'%')) AS f(P)
CROSS APPLY (VALUES(PATINDEX(f.P,t.Txt)))                AS p(P)
WHERE p.P > 0
GROUP BY t.SomeId

Returns:

SomeID      ItemLength  ItemIndex   Item
----------- ----------- ----------- ---------
1           6           31          F333330
2           6           31          F010122
3           5           31          F10101
4           5           30          F27272

提取 sql 中两个字符之间的字符串

Extracting a string in between two characters in sql

sql

tsql

string

charindex