Python Django - "AUTH_USER_MODEL refers to model '%s' that has not been installed" % settings.AUTH_USER_MODEL
Python Django - "AUTH_USER_MODEL refers to model '%s' that has not been installed" % settings.AUTH_USER_MODEL
如果我的代码中有任何错误（在使用 LoginRequiredMixin 的视图中使用的模型中的代码），例如像这样的错误：
if (True: # <-- example bug to show how bugs like this are hidden
然后我得到以下错误：
"AUTH_USER_MODEL refers to model '%s' that has not been installed" % settings.AUTH_USER_MODEL
django.core.exceptions.ImproperlyConfigured:
AUTH_USER_MODEL refers to model 'auth.User' that has not been installed
这使得调试代码变得非常困难。我想出了是否从 views.py:
中删除这一行
from django.contrib.auth.mixins import LoginRequiredMixin
即使我删除了所有使用 LoginRequiredMixin 的实例，只是通过导入它，它隐藏了真正的错误并生成了上述身份验证错误。
我已阅读：AUTH_USER_MODEL refers to model '%s' that has not been installed" % settings.AUTH_USER_MODEL
我的研究表明大部分时间这是由于 INSTALLED_APPS 中缺少 "django.contrib.auth'"，你可以看到我有（settings.py 片段，Django 2.2）：
INSTALLED_APPS = [
'django.contrib.admin',
'django.contrib.auth', # <-- Important for this topic!
'django.contrib.contenttypes',
'django.contrib.sessions',
'django.contrib.messages',
'django.contrib.staticfiles',
'myapp.apps.CommonConfig',
]
MIDDLEWARE = [
'django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware',
'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware',
'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware',
'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware',
'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware',
'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware',
'django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware',
]
我尝试将其添加到 mixim 导入之上，但都没有帮助：
from django.contrib import auth
from django.contrib.auth.models import User
完整追溯的这一部分与上述一致：
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "C:\Users\User\.virtualenvs\myproject-wc-xNQPL\lib\site-packages\django\apps\registry.py", line 155, in get_app_config
return self.app_configs[app_label]
KeyError: 'auth'
这是我调用 makemigrations 时的回溯（这是我所期望的）：
C:\code\myproject\src>pipenv run python manage.py makemigrations
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "manage.py", line 15, in <module>
execute_from_command_line(sys.argv)
File "C:\Users\User\.virtualenvs\myproject-wc-xNQPL\lib\site-packages\django\core\management\__init__.py", line 381, in execute_from_command_line
utility.execute()
File "C:\Users\User\.virtualenvs\myproject-wc-xNQPL\lib\site-packages\django\core\management\__init__.py", line 357, in execute
django.setup()
File "C:\Users\User\.virtualenvs\myproject-wc-xNQPL\lib\site-packages\django\__init__.py", line 24, in setup
apps.populate(settings.INSTALLED_APPS)
File "C:\Users\User\.virtualenvs\myproject-wc-xNQPL\lib\site-packages\django\apps\registry.py", line 114, in populate
app_config.import_models()
File "C:\Users\User\.virtualenvs\myproject-wc-xNQPL\lib\site-packages\django\apps\config.py", line 211, in import_models
self.models_module = import_module(models_module_name)
File "C:\Users\User\.virtualenvs\myproject-wc-xNQPL\lib\importlib\__init__.py", line 126, in import_module
return _bootstrap._gcd_import(name[level:], package, level)
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 994, in _gcd_import
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 971, in _find_and_load
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 955, in _find_and_load_unlocked
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 665, in _load_unlocked
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap_external>", line 678, in exec_module
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 219, in _call_with_frames_removed
File "C:\code\myproject\src\myapp\models.py", line 14, in <module>
from .sql import myapp_entry_clean, myapp_entry_grouping
File "C:\code\myproject\src\myapp\sql.py", line 68
if (True:
^
SyntaxError: invalid syntax
C:\code\myproject\src>
这是运行服务器的回溯：
C:\code\myproject\src>pipenv run python manage.py runserver
Watching for file changes with StatReloader
Exception in thread Thread-1:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "C:\Users\User\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python36\Lib\threading.py", line 916, in _bootstrap_inner
self.run()
File "C:\Users\User\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python36\Lib\threading.py", line 864, in run
self._target(*self._args, **self._kwargs)
File "C:\Users\User\.virtualenvs\myproject-wc-xNQPL\lib\site-packages\django\utils\autoreload.py", line 54, in wrapper
fn(*args, **kwargs)
File "C:\Users\User\.virtualenvs\myproject-wc-xNQPL\lib\site-packages\django\core\management\commands\runserver.py", line 109, in inner_run
autoreload.raise_last_exception()
File "C:\Users\User\.virtualenvs\myproject-wc-xNQPL\lib\site-packages\django\utils\autoreload.py", line 77, in raise_last_exception
raise _exception[0](_exception[1]).with_traceback(_exception[2])
File "C:\Users\User\.virtualenvs\myproject-wc-xNQPL\lib\site-packages\django\utils\autoreload.py", line 54, in wrapper
fn(*args, **kwargs)
File "C:\Users\User\.virtualenvs\myproject-wc-xNQPL\lib\site-packages\django\__init__.py", line 24, in setup
apps.populate(settings.INSTALLED_APPS)
File "C:\Users\User\.virtualenvs\myproject-wc-xNQPL\lib\site-packages\django\apps\registry.py", line 114, in populate
app_config.import_models()
File "C:\Users\User\.virtualenvs\myproject-wc-xNQPL\lib\site-packages\django\apps\config.py", line 211, in import_models
self.models_module = import_module(models_module_name)
File "C:\Users\User\.virtualenvs\myproject-wc-xNQPL\lib\importlib\__init__.py", line 126, in import_module
return _bootstrap._gcd_import(name[level:], package, level)
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 994, in _gcd_import
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 971, in _find_and_load
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 955, in _find_and_load_unlocked
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 665, in _load_unlocked
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap_external>", line 678, in exec_module
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 219, in _call_with_frames_removed
File "C:\code\myproject\src\myapp\models.py", line 14, in <module>
from .sql import myapp_entry_clean, myapp_entry_grouping
File "<string>", line None
SyntaxError: invalid syntax (sql.py, line 68)
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "C:\Users\User\.virtualenvs\myproject-wc-xNQPL\lib\site-packages\django\apps\registry.py", line 155, in get_app_config
return self.app_configs[app_label]
KeyError: 'auth'
During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "C:\Users\User\.virtualenvs\myproject-wc-xNQPL\lib\site-packages\django\contrib\auth\__init__.py", line 165, in get_user_model
return django_apps.get_model(settings.AUTH_USER_MODEL, require_ready=False)
File "C:\Users\User\.virtualenvs\myproject-wc-xNQPL\lib\site-packages\django\apps\registry.py", line 205, in get_model
app_config = self.get_app_config(app_label)
File "C:\Users\User\.virtualenvs\myproject-wc-xNQPL\lib\site-packages\django\apps\registry.py", line 162, in get_app_config
raise LookupError(message)
LookupError: No installed app with label 'auth'.
During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "manage.py", line 15, in <module>
execute_from_command_line(sys.argv)
File "C:\Users\User\.virtualenvs\myproject-wc-xNQPL\lib\site-packages\django\core\management\__init__.py", line 381, in execute_from_command_line
utility.execute()
File "C:\Users\User\.virtualenvs\myproject-wc-xNQPL\lib\site-packages\django\core\management\__init__.py", line 375, in execute
self.fetch_command(subcommand).run_from_argv(self.argv)
File "C:\Users\User\.virtualenvs\myproject-wc-xNQPL\lib\site-packages\django\core\management\base.py", line 323, in run_from_argv
self.execute(*args, **cmd_options)
File "C:\Users\User\.virtualenvs\myproject-wc-xNQPL\lib\site-packages\django\core\management\commands\runserver.py", line 60, in execute
super().execute(*args, **options)
File "C:\Users\User\.virtualenvs\myproject-wc-xNQPL\lib\site-packages\django\core\management\base.py", line 364, in execute
output = self.handle(*args, **options)
File "C:\Users\User\.virtualenvs\myproject-wc-xNQPL\lib\site-packages\django\core\management\commands\runserver.py", line 95, in handle
self.run(**options)
File "C:\Users\User\.virtualenvs\myproject-wc-xNQPL\lib\site-packages\django\core\management\commands\runserver.py", line 102, in run
autoreload.run_with_reloader(self.inner_run, **options)
File "C:\Users\User\.virtualenvs\myproject-wc-xNQPL\lib\site-packages\django\utils\autoreload.py", line 579, in run_with_reloader
start_django(reloader, main_func, *args, **kwargs)
File "C:\Users\User\.virtualenvs\myproject-wc-xNQPL\lib\site-packages\django\utils\autoreload.py", line 564, in start_django
reloader.run(django_main_thread)
File "C:\Users\User\.virtualenvs\myproject-wc-xNQPL\lib\site-packages\django\utils\autoreload.py", line 272, in run
get_resolver().urlconf_module
File "C:\Users\User\.virtualenvs\myproject-wc-xNQPL\lib\site-packages\django\utils\functional.py", line 80, in __get__
res = instance.__dict__[self.name] = self.func(instance)
File "C:\Users\User\.virtualenvs\myproject-wc-xNQPL\lib\site-packages\django\urls\resolvers.py", line 564, in urlconf_module
return import_module(self.urlconf_name)
File "C:\Users\User\.virtualenvs\myproject-wc-xNQPL\lib\importlib\__init__.py", line 126, in import_module
return _bootstrap._gcd_import(name[level:], package, level)
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 994, in _gcd_import
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 971, in _find_and_load
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 955, in _find_and_load_unlocked
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 665, in _load_unlocked
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap_external>", line 678, in exec_module
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 219, in _call_with_frames_removed
File "C:\code\myproject\src\linkcube\urls.py", line 20, in <module>
path('', include('common.urls')),
File "C:\Users\User\.virtualenvs\myproject-wc-xNQPL\lib\site-packages\django\urls\conf.py", line 34, in include
urlconf_module = import_module(urlconf_module)
File "C:\Users\User\.virtualenvs\myproject-wc-xNQPL\lib\importlib\__init__.py", line 126, in import_module
return _bootstrap._gcd_import(name[level:], package, level)
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 994, in _gcd_import
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 971, in _find_and_load
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 955, in _find_and_load_unlocked
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 665, in _load_unlocked
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap_external>", line 678, in exec_module
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 219, in _call_with_frames_removed
File "C:\code\myproject\src\common\urls.py", line 5, in <module>
from . import views
File "C:\code\myproject\src\common\views.py", line 9, in <module>
from django.contrib.auth.mixins import LoginRequiredMixin
File "C:\Users\User\.virtualenvs\myproject-wc-xNQPL\lib\site-packages\django\contrib\auth\mixins.py", line 3, in <module>
from django.contrib.auth.views import redirect_to_login
File "C:\Users\User\.virtualenvs\myproject-wc-xNQPL\lib\site-packages\django\contrib\auth\views.py", line 10, in <module>
from django.contrib.auth.forms import (
File "C:\Users\User\.virtualenvs\myproject-wc-xNQPL\lib\site-packages\django\contrib\auth\forms.py", line 20, in <module>
UserModel = get_user_model()
File "C:\Users\User\.virtualenvs\myproject-wc-xNQPL\lib\site-packages\django\contrib\auth\__init__.py", line 170, in get_user_model
"AUTH_USER_MODEL refers to model '%s' that has not been installed" % settings.AUTH_USER_MODEL
django.core.exceptions.ImproperlyConfigured: AUTH_USER_MODEL refers to model 'auth.User' that has not been installed
C:\code\myproject\src>
如何才能避免误报验证错误？
所以这里的问题是 python 语法错误，但是（也许）因为你是 运行 Django 框架，Django 会抑制它并抛出丢失的模型错误。
由于 python 是解释性语言，因此它为 SyntaxError 抛出错误，并且由于存在语法错误，Django 未找到身份验证模型引用。
这就是为什么您在那里看到两个错误，python 的 SyntaxError 和 Django 的 ImproperlyConfigured 错误。
Django 好心告诉你，Django 的错误是由 python 的语法错误引起的。
如果您收到该错误消息，我相信您正在使用自定义用户模型。
您可能想尝试在您的关系中使用 AUTH_USER_MODEL 而不是直接模型 User 或 get_user_model方法。这几乎为我清除了错误。
我从 https://learndjango.com/tutorials/django-best-practices-referencing-user-model
得到了解决方案
The way to use AUTH_USER_MODEL is by first importing it from the settings usingfrom django.conf import settings and on the field that requires the relationship, you use it as, for example seller = models.OneToOneField(settings.AUTH_USER_MODEL, on_delete=models.CASCADE)
如果我的代码中有任何错误（在使用 LoginRequiredMixin 的视图中使用的模型中的代码），例如像这样的错误：
if (True: # <-- example bug to show how bugs like this are hidden
然后我得到以下错误：
"AUTH_USER_MODEL refers to model '%s' that has not been installed" % settings.AUTH_USER_MODEL
django.core.exceptions.ImproperlyConfigured:
AUTH_USER_MODEL refers to model 'auth.User' that has not been installed
这使得调试代码变得非常困难。我想出了是否从 views.py:
中删除这一行from django.contrib.auth.mixins import LoginRequiredMixin
即使我删除了所有使用 LoginRequiredMixin 的实例，只是通过导入它，它隐藏了真正的错误并生成了上述身份验证错误。
我已阅读：AUTH_USER_MODEL refers to model '%s' that has not been installed" % settings.AUTH_USER_MODEL
我的研究表明大部分时间这是由于 INSTALLED_APPS 中缺少 "django.contrib.auth'"，你可以看到我有（settings.py 片段，Django 2.2）：
INSTALLED_APPS = [
'django.contrib.admin',
'django.contrib.auth', # <-- Important for this topic!
'django.contrib.contenttypes',
'django.contrib.sessions',
'django.contrib.messages',
'django.contrib.staticfiles',
'myapp.apps.CommonConfig',
]
MIDDLEWARE = [
'django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware',
'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware',
'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware',
'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware',
'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware',
'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware',
'django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware',
]
我尝试将其添加到 mixim 导入之上，但都没有帮助：
from django.contrib import auth
from django.contrib.auth.models import User
完整追溯的这一部分与上述一致：
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "C:\Users\User\.virtualenvs\myproject-wc-xNQPL\lib\site-packages\django\apps\registry.py", line 155, in get_app_config
return self.app_configs[app_label]
KeyError: 'auth'
这是我调用 makemigrations 时的回溯（这是我所期望的）：
C:\code\myproject\src>pipenv run python manage.py makemigrations
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "manage.py", line 15, in <module>
execute_from_command_line(sys.argv)
File "C:\Users\User\.virtualenvs\myproject-wc-xNQPL\lib\site-packages\django\core\management\__init__.py", line 381, in execute_from_command_line
utility.execute()
File "C:\Users\User\.virtualenvs\myproject-wc-xNQPL\lib\site-packages\django\core\management\__init__.py", line 357, in execute
django.setup()
File "C:\Users\User\.virtualenvs\myproject-wc-xNQPL\lib\site-packages\django\__init__.py", line 24, in setup
apps.populate(settings.INSTALLED_APPS)
File "C:\Users\User\.virtualenvs\myproject-wc-xNQPL\lib\site-packages\django\apps\registry.py", line 114, in populate
app_config.import_models()
File "C:\Users\User\.virtualenvs\myproject-wc-xNQPL\lib\site-packages\django\apps\config.py", line 211, in import_models
self.models_module = import_module(models_module_name)
File "C:\Users\User\.virtualenvs\myproject-wc-xNQPL\lib\importlib\__init__.py", line 126, in import_module
return _bootstrap._gcd_import(name[level:], package, level)
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 994, in _gcd_import
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 971, in _find_and_load
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 955, in _find_and_load_unlocked
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 665, in _load_unlocked
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap_external>", line 678, in exec_module
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 219, in _call_with_frames_removed
File "C:\code\myproject\src\myapp\models.py", line 14, in <module>
from .sql import myapp_entry_clean, myapp_entry_grouping
File "C:\code\myproject\src\myapp\sql.py", line 68
if (True:
^
SyntaxError: invalid syntax
C:\code\myproject\src>
这是运行服务器的回溯：
C:\code\myproject\src>pipenv run python manage.py runserver
Watching for file changes with StatReloader
Exception in thread Thread-1:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "C:\Users\User\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python36\Lib\threading.py", line 916, in _bootstrap_inner
self.run()
File "C:\Users\User\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python36\Lib\threading.py", line 864, in run
self._target(*self._args, **self._kwargs)
File "C:\Users\User\.virtualenvs\myproject-wc-xNQPL\lib\site-packages\django\utils\autoreload.py", line 54, in wrapper
fn(*args, **kwargs)
File "C:\Users\User\.virtualenvs\myproject-wc-xNQPL\lib\site-packages\django\core\management\commands\runserver.py", line 109, in inner_run
autoreload.raise_last_exception()
File "C:\Users\User\.virtualenvs\myproject-wc-xNQPL\lib\site-packages\django\utils\autoreload.py", line 77, in raise_last_exception
raise _exception[0](_exception[1]).with_traceback(_exception[2])
File "C:\Users\User\.virtualenvs\myproject-wc-xNQPL\lib\site-packages\django\utils\autoreload.py", line 54, in wrapper
fn(*args, **kwargs)
File "C:\Users\User\.virtualenvs\myproject-wc-xNQPL\lib\site-packages\django\__init__.py", line 24, in setup
apps.populate(settings.INSTALLED_APPS)
File "C:\Users\User\.virtualenvs\myproject-wc-xNQPL\lib\site-packages\django\apps\registry.py", line 114, in populate
app_config.import_models()
File "C:\Users\User\.virtualenvs\myproject-wc-xNQPL\lib\site-packages\django\apps\config.py", line 211, in import_models
self.models_module = import_module(models_module_name)
File "C:\Users\User\.virtualenvs\myproject-wc-xNQPL\lib\importlib\__init__.py", line 126, in import_module
return _bootstrap._gcd_import(name[level:], package, level)
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 994, in _gcd_import
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 971, in _find_and_load
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 955, in _find_and_load_unlocked
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 665, in _load_unlocked
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap_external>", line 678, in exec_module
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 219, in _call_with_frames_removed
File "C:\code\myproject\src\myapp\models.py", line 14, in <module>
from .sql import myapp_entry_clean, myapp_entry_grouping
File "<string>", line None
SyntaxError: invalid syntax (sql.py, line 68)
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "C:\Users\User\.virtualenvs\myproject-wc-xNQPL\lib\site-packages\django\apps\registry.py", line 155, in get_app_config
return self.app_configs[app_label]
KeyError: 'auth'
During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "C:\Users\User\.virtualenvs\myproject-wc-xNQPL\lib\site-packages\django\contrib\auth\__init__.py", line 165, in get_user_model
return django_apps.get_model(settings.AUTH_USER_MODEL, require_ready=False)
File "C:\Users\User\.virtualenvs\myproject-wc-xNQPL\lib\site-packages\django\apps\registry.py", line 205, in get_model
app_config = self.get_app_config(app_label)
File "C:\Users\User\.virtualenvs\myproject-wc-xNQPL\lib\site-packages\django\apps\registry.py", line 162, in get_app_config
raise LookupError(message)
LookupError: No installed app with label 'auth'.
During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "manage.py", line 15, in <module>
execute_from_command_line(sys.argv)
File "C:\Users\User\.virtualenvs\myproject-wc-xNQPL\lib\site-packages\django\core\management\__init__.py", line 381, in execute_from_command_line
utility.execute()
File "C:\Users\User\.virtualenvs\myproject-wc-xNQPL\lib\site-packages\django\core\management\__init__.py", line 375, in execute
self.fetch_command(subcommand).run_from_argv(self.argv)
File "C:\Users\User\.virtualenvs\myproject-wc-xNQPL\lib\site-packages\django\core\management\base.py", line 323, in run_from_argv
self.execute(*args, **cmd_options)
File "C:\Users\User\.virtualenvs\myproject-wc-xNQPL\lib\site-packages\django\core\management\commands\runserver.py", line 60, in execute
super().execute(*args, **options)
File "C:\Users\User\.virtualenvs\myproject-wc-xNQPL\lib\site-packages\django\core\management\base.py", line 364, in execute
output = self.handle(*args, **options)
File "C:\Users\User\.virtualenvs\myproject-wc-xNQPL\lib\site-packages\django\core\management\commands\runserver.py", line 95, in handle
self.run(**options)
File "C:\Users\User\.virtualenvs\myproject-wc-xNQPL\lib\site-packages\django\core\management\commands\runserver.py", line 102, in run
autoreload.run_with_reloader(self.inner_run, **options)
File "C:\Users\User\.virtualenvs\myproject-wc-xNQPL\lib\site-packages\django\utils\autoreload.py", line 579, in run_with_reloader
start_django(reloader, main_func, *args, **kwargs)
File "C:\Users\User\.virtualenvs\myproject-wc-xNQPL\lib\site-packages\django\utils\autoreload.py", line 564, in start_django
reloader.run(django_main_thread)
File "C:\Users\User\.virtualenvs\myproject-wc-xNQPL\lib\site-packages\django\utils\autoreload.py", line 272, in run
get_resolver().urlconf_module
File "C:\Users\User\.virtualenvs\myproject-wc-xNQPL\lib\site-packages\django\utils\functional.py", line 80, in __get__
res = instance.__dict__[self.name] = self.func(instance)
File "C:\Users\User\.virtualenvs\myproject-wc-xNQPL\lib\site-packages\django\urls\resolvers.py", line 564, in urlconf_module
return import_module(self.urlconf_name)
File "C:\Users\User\.virtualenvs\myproject-wc-xNQPL\lib\importlib\__init__.py", line 126, in import_module
return _bootstrap._gcd_import(name[level:], package, level)
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 994, in _gcd_import
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 971, in _find_and_load
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 955, in _find_and_load_unlocked
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 665, in _load_unlocked
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap_external>", line 678, in exec_module
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 219, in _call_with_frames_removed
File "C:\code\myproject\src\linkcube\urls.py", line 20, in <module>
path('', include('common.urls')),
File "C:\Users\User\.virtualenvs\myproject-wc-xNQPL\lib\site-packages\django\urls\conf.py", line 34, in include
urlconf_module = import_module(urlconf_module)
File "C:\Users\User\.virtualenvs\myproject-wc-xNQPL\lib\importlib\__init__.py", line 126, in import_module
return _bootstrap._gcd_import(name[level:], package, level)
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 994, in _gcd_import
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 971, in _find_and_load
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 955, in _find_and_load_unlocked
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 665, in _load_unlocked
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap_external>", line 678, in exec_module
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 219, in _call_with_frames_removed
File "C:\code\myproject\src\common\urls.py", line 5, in <module>
from . import views
File "C:\code\myproject\src\common\views.py", line 9, in <module>
from django.contrib.auth.mixins import LoginRequiredMixin
File "C:\Users\User\.virtualenvs\myproject-wc-xNQPL\lib\site-packages\django\contrib\auth\mixins.py", line 3, in <module>
from django.contrib.auth.views import redirect_to_login
File "C:\Users\User\.virtualenvs\myproject-wc-xNQPL\lib\site-packages\django\contrib\auth\views.py", line 10, in <module>
from django.contrib.auth.forms import (
File "C:\Users\User\.virtualenvs\myproject-wc-xNQPL\lib\site-packages\django\contrib\auth\forms.py", line 20, in <module>
UserModel = get_user_model()
File "C:\Users\User\.virtualenvs\myproject-wc-xNQPL\lib\site-packages\django\contrib\auth\__init__.py", line 170, in get_user_model
"AUTH_USER_MODEL refers to model '%s' that has not been installed" % settings.AUTH_USER_MODEL
django.core.exceptions.ImproperlyConfigured: AUTH_USER_MODEL refers to model 'auth.User' that has not been installed
C:\code\myproject\src>
如何才能避免误报验证错误？
所以这里的问题是 python 语法错误，但是（也许）因为你是 运行 Django 框架，Django 会抑制它并抛出丢失的模型错误。
由于 python 是解释性语言，因此它为 SyntaxError 抛出错误，并且由于存在语法错误，Django 未找到身份验证模型引用。
这就是为什么您在那里看到两个错误，python 的 SyntaxError 和 Django 的 ImproperlyConfigured 错误。
Django 好心告诉你，Django 的错误是由 python 的语法错误引起的。
如果您收到该错误消息，我相信您正在使用自定义用户模型。 您可能想尝试在您的关系中使用 AUTH_USER_MODEL 而不是直接模型 User 或 get_user_model方法。这几乎为我清除了错误。 我从 https://learndjango.com/tutorials/django-best-practices-referencing-user-model
得到了解决方案The way to use AUTH_USER_MODEL is by first importing it from the settings using
from django.conf import settingsand on the field that requires the relationship, you use it as, for exampleseller = models.OneToOneField(settings.AUTH_USER_MODEL, on_delete=models.CASCADE)