缺少结果类型?在函数 length :: Monad m => ByteString m r -> m (Of Int r)

Missing type of result? In function length :: Monad m => ByteString m r -> m (Of Int r)

我有一个简单的函数,可以一次读取一个字节的二进制文件。它会出现编译时错误,如下所示。问题似乎是 bs2BSSC.length 的结果 ByteString,具有未知类型。我是否缺少 r 上的类型约束?

import qualified Data.ByteString.Streaming.Char8 as BSSC

main :: IO ()
main = runResourceT $ dump $ BSSC.readFile "filename"

dump :: (MonadIO m) => BSSC.ByteString m r -> m ()                                                                                                                                                
dump bs = do
    len :> bs2 <- BSSC.length bs          -- Data.Functor.Of (:>)
    if len <= 1 then return ()
    else dump $ BSSC.putStr $ BSSC.splitAt 1 bs2

编译时错误:

Main.hs:166:46: error:
  • Couldn't match expected type ‘BSSC.ByteString
                                    (BSSC.ByteString m) r0’
                with actual type ‘r’
    ‘r’ is a rigid type variable bound by
      the type signature for:
        dump :: forall (m :: * -> *) r.
                MonadIO m =>
                BSSC.ByteString m r -> m ()
      at Main.hs:162:9
  • In the second argument of ‘BSSC.splitAt’, namely ‘bs2’
    In the second argument of ‘($)’, namely ‘BSSC.splitAt 1 bs2’
    In the second argument of ‘($)’, namely
      ‘BSSC.putStr $ BSSC.splitAt 1 bs2’
  • Relevant bindings include
      bs2 :: r (bound at Main.hs:164:12)
      bs :: BSSC.ByteString m r (bound at Main.hs:163:6)
      dump :: BSSC.ByteString m r -> m () (bound at Main.hs:163:1)

您可以使用 bs 作为 splitAt

的第二个参数来修补类型不匹配
import qualified Data.ByteString.Streaming.Char8 as BSSC

main :: IO ()
main = runResourceT $ dump $ BSSC.readFile "filename"

dump :: (MonadIO m) => BSSC.ByteString m r -> m ()                                                                                                                                                
dump bs = do
    len :> bs2 <- BSSC.length bs
    if len <= 1 then return ()
    else dump $ BSSC.putStr $ BSSC.splitAt 1 bs

但它不会像您预期的那样工作。我想它将读取文件的次数与其中的字母一样多。

如果你想要递归,你应该使用

import qualified Data.ByteString.Streaming.Char8 as BSSC

main :: IO ()
main = runResourceT $ dump $ BSSC.readFile "filename"

dump :: (MonadIO m) => BSSC.ByteString m r -> m ()                                                                                                                                                
dump bs = do
    split <- BSSC.uncons bs
    case split of
       Left _        -> return ()
       Right (x, xs) -> putStr (show x) >> dump xs

我没有带编译器,所以我的代码片段中可能存在编译问题。

streaming-bytestring 中的 ByteString 类型有两个类型参数。第一个是产生值的基础 monad m(通常是 IO)。

第二个是一个特殊的结束值r,一旦ByteString用完就会返回。通常它将是一个无信息的 ()。但是,它对于定义像 splitAt :: Monad m => Int64 -> ByteString m r -> ByteString m (ByteString m r) 这样的函数非常有用。该类型表示:"give me a limit position and a effectful stream of bytes that returns with an r, I will give you another stream that is no longer than the limit and returns with a effectful stream of bytes that returns with an r." 嵌套在外部流中的结束流只有在外部流耗尽后才能到达。

length 的类型为 Monad m => ByteString m r -> m (Of Int r)。它使用作为参数接收的值流和 returns 基本 monad 中的一个动作。 ByteString 不存在了。您传递给 splitAtbs2 不是 ByteString,而是原始 ByteString 的结束值,其类型为 r。这会导致类型错误。