是否有一种有效且快捷的方法来覆盖 TreeSet 中使用的 compareTo() 方法

Is there an efficient and quicker way to override compareTo() method used in TreeSet

我读取了包含六列的 table 并传递到 TreeSet 集合中。它确实工作正常,但是,我只是好奇是否有更有效的方法来覆盖 compareTo() 方法。提出这个问题的原因是我将有更多列的额外集合,而我这样做的方式在我看来效率低下且耗时。重要的是要注意我的所有 class 元素都是整数。

另外,我还有一个问题。 compareTo() 方法的其中一项工作是否像 HashCode()HashMap() 中那样包含防止重复?

下面我展示了我如何定义 compareTo() 方法。

    public int compareTo(Network o) {
        int r = this.headNode > o.headNode? 1 : this.headNode < o.headNode ? -1   :  0;
        if(r==0) { r = this.headPeriod1 > o.headPeriod1? 1 :  this.headPeriod1 < o.headPeriod1? -1 : 0;
            if(r==0) {
                r = this.headPeriod2 > o.headPeriod2? 1 :  this.headPeriod2 < o.headPeriod2? -1 : 0;
                if(r==0) {
                    r = this.tailNode > o.tailNode? 1 :  this.tailNode < o. tailNode? -1 : 0;
                        if(r==0) {
                            r = this.tailPeriod1 > o.tailPeriod1 ? 1 :  this.tailPeriod1 < o.tailPeriod1 ? -1 : 0;
                                if(r==0) {
                                    r = this.tailPeriod2 > o.tailPeriod2 ? 1 :  this.tailPeriod2 < o.tailPeriod2 ? -1 : 0;
                                }
                        }
                }
            }
        }

这样会有点shorter/simpler:

   public int compareTo(Network o) {
        int r = this.headNode - o.headNode;
        if (r == 0) {
            r = this.headPeriod1 - o.headPeriod1;
            if (r == 0) {
                r = this.headPeriod2 - o.headPeriod2;
                if (r == 0) {
                    r = this.tailNode - o.tailNode;
                    if (r == 0) {
                        r = this.tailPeriod1 - o.tailPeriod1;
                        if (r == 0) {
                            r = this.tailPeriod2 - o.tailPeriod2;
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
        }

您可以创建一个比较器以使其更具可读性:

public class Test {

    int age;
    int money;
    int id;

    public Test(int age, int money, int id) {
        this.age = age;
        this.money = money;
        this.id = id;
    }

    public static void main(String... args) {

        Test t1 = new Test(25,200,3);
        Test t2 = new Test(30,50,5);
        Test t3 = new Test(15,90,9);

        Comparator<Test> comp = Comparator.<Test>comparingInt(x -> x.age)
                                            .thenComparingInt(x -> x.money)
                                            .thenComparingInt(x -> x.id);

        Set<Test> set = new TreeSet<>(comp); // Pass the comparator to the Treeset, TreeMap, etc., or use it inside of you Comparable.compareTo method.

        set.add(t1);
        set.add(t2);
        set.add(t3);

        System.out.println(set); // [Test{age=15, money=90, id=9}, Test{age=25, money=200, id=3}, Test{age=30, money=50, id=5}]
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Test{" + "age=" + age + ", money=" + money + ", id=" + id + '}';
    }
}

如你所见,你可以使用Comparator.comparingInt(x -> x.headNode) .thenComparingInt(x -> x.headPeriod2) .thenComparingInt(x -> x.tailNode)...

等等,让它更有意义。 随着 class 的增长,您可以继续添加更多 .thenComparingInt...。 这将按 headNode 对它们进行排序,然后按 headPeriod2,然后按 tailNode,依此类推。

(而不是 x,为该变量使用您想要的任何名称,例如(网络 -> network.headNode)

Comparator 中有更多的静态方法和实例方法来创建可以循环的不同 Comparator。

如果你实现了 Comparable 并且想在你的 compareTo 方法中使用你的 Comparator,那么将创建的 Comparator 作为实例字段并在 comparteTo 中使用比较器,如下所示:

public class Test implements Comparable<Test>{

    int age;
    int money;
    int id;

    Comparator<Test> comp = Comparator.<Test>comparingInt(x -> x.age)
                                            .thenComparingInt(x -> x.money)
                                            .thenComparingInt(x -> x.id);

    public Test(int age, int money, int id) {
        this.age = age;
        this.money = money;
        this.id = id;
    }

    public static void main(String... args) {

        Test t1 = new Test(25,200,3);
        Test t2 = new Test(30,50,5);
        Test t3 = new Test(15,90,9);

        Set<Test> set = new TreeSet<>();

        set.add(t1);
        set.add(t2);
        set.add(t3);

        System.out.println(set); // [Test{age=15, money=90, id=9}, Test{age=25, money=200, id=3}, Test{age=30, money=50, id=5}]
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Test{" + "age=" + age + ", money=" + money + ", id=" + id + '}';
    }

    @Override
    public int compareTo(Test o) {
        return comp.compare(this, o);
    }

}

附方法参考:

public class Test implements Comparable<Test>{

    private int age;
    private int money;
    private int id;

    private final Comparator<Test> comp = Comparator.<Test>comparingInt(Test::getId)
                                            .thenComparingInt(Test::getMoney)
                                            .thenComparingInt(Test::getAge);

    public static void main(String... args) {

        Test t1 = new Test(25, 200, 3);
        Test t2 = new Test(30, 50, 5);
        Test t3 = new Test(15, 90, 9);

        Set<Test> set = new TreeSet<>();

        set.add(t1);
        set.add(t2);
        set.add(t3);

        System.out.println(set); // [Test{age=25, money=200, id=3}, Test{age=30, money=50, id=5}, Test{age=15, money=90, id=9}]
    }

    public Test(int age, int money, int id) {
        this.age = age;
        this.money = money;
        this.id = id;
    }

    public int getAge() {
        return age;
    }

    public void setAge(int age) {
        this.age = age;
    }

    public int getMoney() {
        return money;
    }

    public void setMoney(int money) {
        this.money = money;
    }

    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    @Override
    public int compareTo(Test o) {
        return comp.compare(this, o);
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Test{" + "age=" + age + ", money=" + money + ", id=" + id + '}';
    } 
}

希望对您有所帮助。

无论你怎么做,我都会强烈避免减去值来获得比较器的 < 或 > 结果。它会导致错误,是一个不好养成的习惯。查看以下内容:


      int val1 = -1223222022;
      int val2 = 2130200022;
      int result = compareTo(val1, val2);
      // This shows val1 > val2
      if (result < 0) {
         System.out.println(val1 + " < " + val2);
      }
      else if (result > 0) {
         System.out.println(val1 + " > " + val2);
      }

      val1 = 1234450392;
      val2 = -2022030049;
      result = compareTo(val1, val2);
      //this shows val2 < val2
      if (result < 0) {
         System.out.println(val1 + " < " + val2);
      }
      else if (result > 0) {
         System.out.println(val1 + " > " + val2);
      }
   }

   public static int compareTo(int a, int b) {
      return a - b;
   }

只需使用功能接口 Comparable 来整理您的需求。