当运行 xUnit 集成测试与 Autofac 并行时无法加载类型 Castle.Proxies.IReadinessProxy

Question

我遇到了很多天都无法解决的问题。我将 xUnit 与 given-then-when 抽象一起使用，以使测试更具可读性。

我在 EventStore 上使用包装器并运行进行一些集成测试。他们一切顺利..除了一个在运行并行（和xUnit运行s并行）时失败，但如果我运行他们都按顺序他们都成功了。

我不明白为什么这会成为一个问题，因为每个事实都应该运行构造函数（给定的）和测试的功能（何时）。在每个事实中，我实例化一个 Autofac ContainerBuilder，构建容器并解析它的 IComponentContext，因此理论上每个测试都应该按预期隔离和幂等。

这是我一直收到的异常：

Autofac.Core.DependencyResolutionException : An exception was thrown while activating SalesOrder.EventStore.Infra.EventStore.EventStore -> SalesOrder.EventStore.Infra.EventStore.DomainEventsRetriever -> SalesOrder.EventStore.Infra.EventStore.Factories.DomainEventFactory -> λ:SalesOrder.EventStore.Infra.EventStore.EventTypeResolver.
---- System.Reflection.ReflectionTypeLoadException : Unable to load one or more of the requested types.
Could not load type 'Castle.Proxies.IReadinessProxy' from assembly 'DynamicProxyGenAssembly2, Version=0.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=null'.
   at Autofac.Core.Resolving.InstanceLookup.Activate(IEnumerable`1 parameters, Object& decoratorTarget) in C:\projects\autofac\src\Autofac\Core\Resolving\InstanceLookup.cs:line 136
   at Autofac.Core.Resolving.InstanceLookup.Execute() in C:\projects\autofac\src\Autofac\Core\Resolving\InstanceLookup.cs:line 85
   at Autofac.Core.Resolving.ResolveOperation.GetOrCreateInstance(ISharingLifetimeScope currentOperationScope, IComponentRegistration registration, IEnumerable`1 parameters) in C:\projects\autofac\src\Autofac\Core\Resolving\ResolveOperation.cs:line 130
   at Autofac.Core.Resolving.ResolveOperation.Execute(IComponentRegistration registration, IEnumerable`1 parameters) in C:\projects\autofac\src\Autofac\Core\Resolving\ResolveOperation.cs:line 83
   at Autofac.ResolutionExtensions.TryResolveService(IComponentContext context, Service service, IEnumerable`1 parameters, Object& instance) in C:\projects\autofac\src\Autofac\ResolutionExtensions.cs:line 1041
   at Autofac.ResolutionExtensions.ResolveService(IComponentContext context, Service service, IEnumerable`1 parameters) in C:\projects\autofac\src\Autofac\ResolutionExtensions.cs:line 871
   at Autofac.ResolutionExtensions.Resolve[TService](IComponentContext context, IEnumerable`1 parameters) in C:\projects\autofac\src\Autofac\ResolutionExtensions.cs:line 300
   at SalesOrder.EventStore.Infra.EventStore.Autofac.IntegrationTests.EventStoreExtensionsTests.ResolveTests.Given_A_Container_With_Event_Store_Registered_When_Resolving_An_IEventStore.When() in C:\src\SalesOrder.EventStore\SalesOrder.EventStore.Infra.EventStore.Autofac.IntegrationTests\EventStoreExtensionsTests\ResolveTests.cs:line 53
   at SalesOrder.EventStore.Infra.EventStore.Autofac.IntegrationTests.EventStoreExtensionsTests.ResolveTests.Given_A_Container_With_Event_Store_Registered_When_Resolving_An_IEventStore..ctor()
----- Inner Stack Trace -----
   at System.Reflection.RuntimeModule.GetTypes(RuntimeModule module)
   at System.Reflection.RuntimeModule.GetTypes()
   at System.Reflection.Assembly.GetTypes()
   at SalesOrder.EventStore.Infra.EventStore.Autofac.EventStoreExtensions.<>c.<RegisterResolvers>b__6_2(Assembly s) in C:\src\SalesOrder.EventStore\SalesOrder.EventStore.Infra.EventStore.Autofac\EventStoreExtensions.cs:line 174
   at System.Linq.Enumerable.SelectManySingleSelectorIterator`2.MoveNext()
   at System.Linq.Enumerable.WhereEnumerableIterator`1.MoveNext()
   at System.Collections.Generic.List`1.AddEnumerable(IEnumerable`1 enumerable)
   at SalesOrder.EventStore.Infra.EventStore.Factories.EventTypeResolverFactory.Create(IEnumerable`1 existingTypes, IReadOnlyDictionary`2 domainEventSerializerDeserializers) in C:\src\SalesOrder.EventStore\SalesOrder.EventStore.Infra.EventStore\Factories\EventTypeResolverFactory.cs:line 16
   at SalesOrder.EventStore.Infra.EventStore.Autofac.EventStoreExtensions.<>c__DisplayClass6_0.<RegisterResolvers>b__1(IComponentContext context) in C:\src\SalesOrder.EventStore\SalesOrder.EventStore.Infra.EventStore.Autofac\EventStoreExtensions.cs:line 180
   at Autofac.Builder.RegistrationBuilder.<>c__DisplayClass0_0`1.<ForDelegate>b__0(IComponentContext c, IEnumerable`1 p) in C:\projects\autofac\src\Autofac\Builder\RegistrationBuilder.cs:line 62
   at Autofac.Core.Activators.Delegate.DelegateActivator.ActivateInstance(IComponentContext context, IEnumerable`1 parameters) in C:\projects\autofac\src\Autofac\Core\Activators\Delegate\DelegateActivator.cs:line 71
   at Autofac.Core.Resolving.InstanceLookup.Activate(IEnumerable`1 parameters, Object& decoratorTarget) in C:\projects\autofac\src\Autofac\Core\Resolving\InstanceLookup.cs:line 118

这是只有一个事实的测试，当运行与其他事实并行时失败:

public class Given_A_Container_With_Event_Store_Registered_When_Resolving_An_IEventStore
    : Given_When_Then_Test
{
    private IEventStore _sut;
    private IComponentContext _componentContext;

    protected override void Given()
    {
        var builder = new ContainerBuilder();
        builder
            .RegisterEventStore(
                ctx =>
                {
                    var eventStoreOptions =
                        new EventStoreOptions
                        {
                            Url = EventStoreTestConstants.TestUrl,
                            Port = EventStoreTestConstants.TestPort
                        };
                    return eventStoreOptions;
                },
                ctx =>
                {
                    var readinessOptions =
                        new ReadinessOptions
                        {
                            Timeout = EventStoreTestConstants.TestTimeout
                        };
                    return readinessOptions;
                });

        var container = builder.Build();
        _componentContext = container.Resolve<IComponentContext>();
    }

    protected override void When()
    {
        _sut = _componentContext.Resolve<IEventStore>();
    }

    [Fact]
    public void Then_It_Should_Not_Be_Null()
    {
        _sut.Should().NotBeNull();
    }
}

知道这里发生了什么吗？ 我看过 Autofac 的并发指南：https://autofaccn.readthedocs.io/en/latest/advanced/concurrency.html 但我认为我已经正确使用了组件上下文。

更新 1： 仅供参考，这是我使用的 GivenThenWhen 模板。但这里没什么特别的（我认为！）

namespace ToolBelt.TestSupport
{
    public abstract class Given_When_Then_Test
        : IDisposable
    {
        protected Given_When_Then_Test()
        {
            Setup();
        }

        private void Setup()
        {
            Given();
            When();
        }

        protected abstract void Given();

        protected abstract void When();

        public void Dispose()
        {
            Cleanup();
        }

        protected virtual void Cleanup()
        {
        }
    }
    
    public abstract class Given_WhenAsync_Then_Test
        : IDisposable
    {
        protected Given_WhenAsync_Then_Test()
        {
            Task.Run(async () => { await SetupAsync(); }).GetAwaiter().GetResult();
        }

        private async Task SetupAsync()
        {
            Given();
            await WhenAsync();
        }

        protected abstract void Given();

        protected abstract Task WhenAsync();

        public void Dispose()
        {
            Cleanup();
        }

        protected virtual void Cleanup()
        {
        }
    }
}

更新 2： 这是我用于实现和所有测试的 IoCC Autofac 注册方法。有点复杂，因为我使用反射来保持 EventStore 包装器完全通用，但以防万一有人在那里看到可能影响测试的时髦东西..

public static class EventStoreExtensions
{
    public static void RegisterEventStore(
        this ContainerBuilder builder,
        Func<IComponentContext, EventStoreOptions> optionsRetriever,
        Func<IComponentContext, ReadinessOptions> readinessOptionsRetriever,
        Func<IComponentContext, CustomDomainEventMappersOptions> customDomainEventMappersOptionsRetriever = null)
    {
        RegisterEventStoreConnection(builder, optionsRetriever);
        RegisterFactories(builder);
        RegisterEventStoreManager(builder);
        RegisterConverters(builder);
        RegisterResolvers(builder, customDomainEventMappersOptionsRetriever);
        RegisterEventStoreServices(builder);
        RegisterEventStoreReadinessCheck(builder, readinessOptionsRetriever);
    }

    private static void RegisterEventStoreReadinessCheck(
        ContainerBuilder builder,
        Func<IComponentContext, ReadinessOptions> readinessOptionsRetriever)
    {
        builder
            .Register(context =>
            {
                var ctx = context.Resolve<IComponentContext>();
                var readinessOptions = readinessOptionsRetriever.Invoke(ctx);

                var timeout = readinessOptions.Timeout;
                var eventStoreConnection = context.Resolve<IEventStoreConnection>();

                var eventStoreReadiness =
                    new EventStoreReadiness(
                        eventStoreConnection,
                        timeout);

                return eventStoreReadiness;

            })
            .As<IEventStoreReadiness>()
            .As<IReadiness>()
            .SingleInstance();
    }

    private static void RegisterEventStoreConnection(
        ContainerBuilder builder,
        Func<IComponentContext, EventStoreOptions> optionsRetriever)
    {
        builder
            .Register(context =>
            {
                var ctx = context.Resolve<IComponentContext>();
                var eventStoreOptions = optionsRetriever.Invoke(ctx);

                ConnectionSettings connectionSetting =
                    ConnectionSettings
                        .Create()
                        .KeepReconnecting();

                var urlString = eventStoreOptions.Url;
                var port = eventStoreOptions.Port;
                var ipAddress = IPAddress.Parse(urlString);
                var tcpEndPoint = new IPEndPoint(ipAddress, port);

                var eventStoreConnection = EventStoreConnection.Create(connectionSetting, tcpEndPoint);
                return eventStoreConnection;
            })
            .As<IEventStoreConnection>()
            .SingleInstance();
    }

    private static void RegisterFactories(
        ContainerBuilder builder)
    {
        builder
            .RegisterType<DomainEventFactory>()
            .As<IDomainEventFactory>()
            .SingleInstance();

        builder
            .RegisterType<EventDataFactory>()
            .As<IEventDataFactory>()
            .SingleInstance();

        builder
            .RegisterType<ExpectedVersionFactory>()
            .As<IExpectedVersionFactory>()
            .SingleInstance();

        builder
            .RegisterType<IdFactory>()
            .As<IIdFactory>()
            .SingleInstance();

        builder
            .RegisterType<StreamNameFactory>()
            .As<IStreamNameFactory>()
            .SingleInstance();

        builder
            .RegisterType<RetrievedEventFactory>()
            .As<IRetrievedEventFactory>()
            .SingleInstance();
    }

    private static void RegisterEventStoreManager(ContainerBuilder builder)
    {
        builder
            .RegisterType<EventStoreManager>()
            .As<IEventStoreManager>()
            .SingleInstance();
    }

    private static void RegisterConverters(ContainerBuilder builder)
    {
        builder
            .Register(context =>
            {
                var utf8Encoding = new BytesConverter(Encoding.UTF8);
                return utf8Encoding;
            })
            .As<IBytesConverter>()
            .SingleInstance();

        builder
            .RegisterType<NewtonsoftConverter>()
            .As<IJsonConverter>()
            .SingleInstance();
    }

    private static void RegisterResolvers(
        ContainerBuilder builder,
        Func<IComponentContext, CustomDomainEventMappersOptions> customDomainEventMappersOptionsRetriever)
    {
        builder
            .Register(context =>
            {
                var ctx = context.Resolve<IComponentContext>();
                var customDomainEventMappersOptions = customDomainEventMappersOptionsRetriever?.Invoke(ctx);
                var domainEventSerializerDeserializers =
                    customDomainEventMappersOptions?.DomainEventSerializerDeserializers;
                var mapperResolver = MapperResolverFactory.Create(domainEventSerializerDeserializers);
                return mapperResolver;
            })
            .As<IMapperResolver>()
            .SingleInstance();

        builder
            .Register(context =>
            {
                var ctx = context.Resolve<IComponentContext>();

                var assembliesLoaded = AppDomain.CurrentDomain.GetAssemblies();
                var domainEventTypes =
                    assembliesLoaded
                        .SelectMany(s => s.GetTypes())
                        .Where(x => typeof(IDomainEvent).IsAssignableFrom(x)
                                    && x.IsClass);
                var customDomainEventMappersOptions = customDomainEventMappersOptionsRetriever?.Invoke(ctx);
                var domainEventSerializerDeserializers =
                    customDomainEventMappersOptions?.DomainEventSerializerDeserializers;
                var typeResolver =
                    EventTypeResolverFactory.Create(
                        domainEventTypes,
                        domainEventSerializerDeserializers);
                return typeResolver;
            })
            .As<IEventTypeResolver>()
            .SingleInstance();
    }

    private static void RegisterEventStoreServices(ContainerBuilder builder)
    {
        builder
            .RegisterType<EventStoreRepository>()
            .As<IEventStoreRepository>();

        builder
            .RegisterType<DomainEventsPersister>()
            .As<IDomainEventsPersister>();

        builder
            .RegisterType<DomainEventsRetriever>()
            .As<IDomainEventsRetriever>();

        builder
            .RegisterType<EventStore>()
            .As<IEventStore>();
    }
}

更新 3： 这是整个存储库，以防有人感到无聊并想尝试复制它。它是一个通用的事件存储包装器，用于使用官方 C# 驱动程序为 Greg Young 的事件存储产品实现的事件源。

https://gitlab.com/DiegoDrivenDesign/DiDrDe.EventStore

有趣的是，这个问题似乎每隔一段时间就会消失一次。事实上，通常在重新启动 PC 后，所有测试都会正常通过。其他时候它没有，所以我怀疑它与我在运行时间加载程序集并且有些东西不正常的事实有关:(

2021 年 9 月 9 日更新 我所做的异步执行并不完全正确。有一种方法可以使用 xUnit 进行异步执行，这可能在这种竞争条件下发挥了作用。这是 given-when-then 模式的更好实现，我的所有测试都继承自该模式。感谢 IAsyncLifetime 我能够异步（并等待）先决条件和操作本身。

using System.Threading.Tasks;
using Xunit;

namespace Rubiko.TestSupport.XUnit
{
    public abstract class Given_When_Then_Test_Async
        : IAsyncLifetime
    {
        public async Task InitializeAsync()
        {
            await Given();
            await When();
        }

        public async Task DisposeAsync()
        {
            await Cleanup();
        }

        protected virtual Task Cleanup()
        {
            return Task.CompletedTask;
        }

        protected abstract Task Given();

        protected abstract Task When();
    }
}

Answer 1

内部异常表示无法加载类型

Could not load type 'Castle.Proxies.IReadinessProxy' from assembly 'DynamicProxyGenAssembly2, Version=0.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=null'.

它来自这一行：

at System.Reflection.Assembly.GetTypes()
at SalesOrder.EventStore.Infra.EventStore.Autofac.EventStoreExtensions.<>c <RegisterResolvers>b__6_2(Assembly s) in C:\src\SalesOrder.EventStore\SalesOrder.EventStore.Infra.EventStore.Autofac\EventStoreExtensions.cs:line 174
at System.Linq.Enumerable.SelectManySingleSelectorIterator`2.MoveNext()
at System.Linq.Enumerable.WhereEnumerableIterator`1.MoveNext()

对应于您代码中的这一行

var domainEventTypes = assembliesLoaded
                          .SelectMany(s => s.GetTypes())
                          .Where(x => typeof(IDomainEvent).IsAssignableFrom(x)
                                      && x.IsClass);

这意味着其中一个程序集包含一个类型，该类型包含对另一个未加载的程序集的引用。根据错误类型的名称，它似乎与城堡自动生成的类型有关。

您可以订阅静态 AppDomain.CurrentDomain.AssemblyResolve 和 AppDomain.CurrentDomain.TypeResolve 事件以更好地理解程序集未加载的原因并可能手动加载它。有关详细信息，请参阅 Assembly.GetTypes() - ReflectionTypeLoadException。

在某些情况下，例外是 "normal" 并且可以使用这样的代码忽略：

public static IEnumerable<Type> GetLoadableTypes(this Assembly assembly)
{
    // TODO: Argument validation
    try
    {
        return assembly.GetTypes();
    }
    catch (ReflectionTypeLoadException e)
    {
        return e.Types.Where(t => t != null);
    }
}

代码来自 How to prevent ReflectionTypeLoadException when calling Assembly.GetTypes()

你可以在这里使用它：

var domainEventTypes = assembliesLoaded
                          .SelectMany(s => s.GetLoadableTypes())
                          .Where(x => typeof(IDomainEvent).IsAssignableFrom(x)
                                      && x.IsClass);

Answer 2

DynamicProxyGenAssembly2 是通过模拟使用 CastleProxy 的系统构建的临时程序集。 NSubstitute 和 Moq 有一些类似的未解决问题表明问题是 Castle.Core 甚至 .Net Framework 中的竞争条件（请参阅：TypeLoadException or BadImageFormatException under heavy multi-threaded proxy generation 了解更多详细信息）

Answer 3

如果您有 COM 依赖项，请确保在单元测试项目中针对这些 COM 依赖项将 Embed Interop Types 设置为 No。默认情况下，此属性设置为是。当您从这些 COM 对象在单元测试中模拟对象时，不应嵌入它们。

Answer 4

您的 table 数据库 ID DatabaseGeneratedOption.Identity 并且您尝试保存代码的 ID 时出现错误

当运行 xUnit 集成测试与 Autofac 并行时无法加载类型 Castle.Proxies.IReadinessProxy

Could not load type Castle.Proxies.IReadinessProxy when running xUnit integration tests in parallel with Autofac

c#

castle-dynamicproxy

xunit

autofac

eventstoredb

当 运行 xUnit 集成测试与 Autofac 并行时无法加载类型 Castle.Proxies.IReadinessProxy

Could not load type Castle.Proxies.IReadinessProxy when running xUnit integration tests in parallel with Autofac

c#

castle-dynamicproxy

xunit

autofac

eventstoredb

当运行 xUnit 集成测试与 Autofac 并行时无法加载类型 Castle.Proxies.IReadinessProxy