MySQL 选择用户非朋友的查询

MySQL query that selects non-friends of a user

我有以下 Mysql 数据库模式:

User(Id, FirstName, LastName, NickName, Etc.)
Request(SenderId, ReceiverId)
Friendship(Id1, Id2)

我认为友谊是一种无向关系,这意味着对于每一个友谊,我都会将它插入两次友谊table。 (如果这不是一个好主意,请告诉我)。

我要检索的是一个用户列表,这些用户不是特定用户的朋友(让我将他命名为 UserX),也没有正在进行的当前请求 to/from 他。

我最初的尝试让我想到了这个:

SELECT User.Id, User.NickName, User.Picture FROM User 
LEFT JOIN Friendship A ON User.Id = A.Id1
LEFT JOIN Friendship B ON User.Id = B.Id2 
LEFT JOIN Request C ON User.Id = C.Sender
LEFT JOIN Request D ON User.Id = D.Reciever 
WHERE User.Id <> ? 

而且,占位符当然是 UserX 的 Id。

这行不通,因为虽然删除了与 UserX 有友谊或请求的元组,但朋友仍然出现,因为他们与其他用户有友谊!

提前致谢。

对联合列表使用左连接:

select *
from User u1
left join 
    (
    select ID2 as id
    from Friendships
    where ID1 = 'UserX'
    union all
    select ID1
    from Friendships
    where ID2 = 'UserX'
    union all
    select Sender
    from Request 
    where Receiver = 'UserX'
    union all
    select Receiver
    from Request
    where Sender = 'UserX'
    ) ux
on ux.id = u1.id
where ux.id is null
and ux.id <> 'UserX'

如果您从 table "request" 和 "Friendship" 中收集所有不同的 ID,然后从上面列表中不可用的用户 ID 中收集 select 条记录怎么办。

SELECT Id, FirstName, LastName, NickName
FROM User
WHERE ID NOT IN
(
    SELECT DSTINCT Id1 ID FROM Friendship
    UNION
    SELECT DSTINCT Id2 FROM Friendship
    UNION
    SELECT DSTINCT SenderId FROM Request
    UNION
    SELECT DSTINCT ReceiverId FROM Request
)A

如果你想要一个高效的解决方案,请多次使用not exists

select u.*
from user u
where not exists (select 1 from friendship f where f.id1 = u.id and f.id2 = ?) and
      not exists (select 1 from friendship f where f.id2 = u.id and f.id1 = ?) and
      not exists (select 1 from request r where r.SenderId = u.id and r.ReceiverId = ?) and
      not exists (select 1 from request r where r.ReceiverId = u.id and r.SenderId = ?);

特别是,这可以利用以下索引:

  • friendship(id1, id2)
  • friendship(id2, id1)
  • request(SenderId, ReceiverId)
  • request(ReceiverId, SenderId)

这应该比 union 一起子查询的解决方案有更好的性能。