无法通过管道将模板 class 传递给 cout

Unable to pipe template class to cout

当我尝试编译以下(截断为下面的小片段)代码时,

#include <iostream>

using namespace std;

template <typename value_type>
class Tree {
public:
    Tree();
    ~Tree();
};

template <typename value_type>
const std::ostream& operator<<(const std::ostream& o, const Tree<value_type>& t) {
    return o;
}

int main() {
    Tree<int> tree;
    cout << tree << endl;
}

我收到以下错误:

clang mac

error: reference to overloaded function could not be resolved;
      did you mean to call it?
        cout << tree << endl;
                        ^~~~

gnu gcc 在 debian linux

error: no match for 'operator<<'
(operand types are
    'const ostream {aka const std::basic_ostream<char>}'
    and '<unresolved overloaded function type>')
        cout << tree << endl;
        ~~~~~~~~~~~~~^~~~~~~

如果我从未实现运算符重载,gnu g++ 反而会给我以下错误:

error: no match for 'operator<<'
(operand types are
    'std::ostream {aka std::basic_ostream<char>}'
    and 'Tree<int>')
        cout << tree << endl;
        ~~~~~^~~~~~~

我真的不明白我在这里做错了什么。我想要做的就是能够像您一样将我的模板 class 传送到 ostream。有什么想法吗?

删除 std::ostream 上的 const - 您不能将 const 流用于任何事情。

template <typename value_type>
std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& o, const Tree<value_type>& t) {
    return o;
}