JNA 加载失败，UnsatisfiedLinkError，"Access Denied"
JNA failing to load, UnsatisfiedLinkError, "Access Denied"
有 several similar 个问题，但恐怕我的问题不同到足以区分。我在 windows 10 64 位，使用 Eclipse 4.11 和 OpenJDK 11，并且没有使用管理员帐户。
当我 运行 在内部项目上测试我们的 JUnit 5 套件时，出现异常：
java.lang.UnsatisfiedLinkError: C:\Users\myUserName\AppData\Local\Temp\jna-762579935\jna18359705168434975905.dll: Access is denied
at java.base/java.lang.ClassLoader$NativeLibrary.load0(Native Method)
at java.base/java.lang.ClassLoader$NativeLibrary.load(ClassLoader.java:2430)
at java.base/java.lang.ClassLoader$NativeLibrary.loadLibrary(ClassLoader.java:2487)
at java.base/java.lang.ClassLoader.loadLibrary0(ClassLoader.java:2684)
at java.base/java.lang.ClassLoader.loadLibrary(ClassLoader.java:2617)
at java.base/java.lang.Runtime.load0(Runtime.java:767)
at java.base/java.lang.System.load(System.java:1831)
at com.sun.jna.Native.loadNativeDispatchLibraryFromClasspath(Native.java:1018)
at com.sun.jna.Native.loadNativeDispatchLibrary(Native.java:988)
at com.sun.jna.Native.<clinit>(Native.java:195)
at org.stuff.injury.orca.jna.OrcaJNAWrapper.<clinit>(OrcaJNAWrapper.java:21)
at org.stuff.injury.orca.OrcaLibraryTest.<clinit>(OrcaLibraryTest.java:21)
at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
at java.base/java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:566)
at org.junit.platform.commons.util.ReflectionUtils.invokeMethod(ReflectionUtils.java:628)
at org.junit.jupiter.engine.execution.ExecutableInvoker.invoke(ExecutableInvoker.java:117)
at org.junit.jupiter.engine.descriptor.ClassTestDescriptor.lambda$invokeBeforeAllMethods(ClassTestDescriptor.java:376)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.ThrowableCollector.execute(ThrowableCollector.java:73)
at org.junit.jupiter.engine.descriptor.ClassTestDescriptor.invokeBeforeAllMethods(ClassTestDescriptor.java:375)
at org.junit.jupiter.engine.descriptor.ClassTestDescriptor.before(ClassTestDescriptor.java:201)
at org.junit.jupiter.engine.descriptor.ClassTestDescriptor.before(ClassTestDescriptor.java:77)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.lambda$executeRecursively(NodeTestTask.java:132)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.ThrowableCollector.execute(ThrowableCollector.java:73)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.lambda$executeRecursively(NodeTestTask.java:125)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.Node.around(Node.java:135)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.lambda$executeRecursively(NodeTestTask.java:123)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.ThrowableCollector.execute(ThrowableCollector.java:73)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.executeRecursively(NodeTestTask.java:122)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.execute(NodeTestTask.java:80)
at java.base/java.util.ArrayList.forEach(ArrayList.java:1540)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.SameThreadHierarchicalTestExecutorService.invokeAll(SameThreadHierarchicalTestExecutorService.java:38)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.lambda$executeRecursively(NodeTestTask.java:139)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.ThrowableCollector.execute(ThrowableCollector.java:73)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.lambda$executeRecursively(NodeTestTask.java:125)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.Node.around(Node.java:135)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.lambda$executeRecursively(NodeTestTask.java:123)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.ThrowableCollector.execute(ThrowableCollector.java:73)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.executeRecursively(NodeTestTask.java:122)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.execute(NodeTestTask.java:80)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.SameThreadHierarchicalTestExecutorService.submit(SameThreadHierarchicalTestExecutorService.java:32)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.HierarchicalTestExecutor.execute(HierarchicalTestExecutor.java:57)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.HierarchicalTestEngine.execute(HierarchicalTestEngine.java:51)
at org.junit.platform.launcher.core.DefaultLauncher.execute(DefaultLauncher.java:229)
at org.junit.platform.launcher.core.DefaultLauncher.lambda$execute(DefaultLauncher.java:197)
at org.junit.platform.launcher.core.DefaultLauncher.withInterceptedStreams(DefaultLauncher.java:211)
at org.junit.platform.launcher.core.DefaultLauncher.execute(DefaultLauncher.java:191)
at org.junit.platform.launcher.core.DefaultLauncher.execute(DefaultLauncher.java:137)
at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit5.runner.JUnit5TestReference.run(JUnit5TestReference.java:89)
at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.TestExecution.run(TestExecution.java:41)
at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:541)
at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:763)
at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.run(RemoteTestRunner.java:463)
at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.main(RemoteTestRunner.java:209)
有了断点，我可以看到这个 DLL 就在那里，我可以复制（读取）和重命名（不是很完整的写入权限，但仍然）文件。它不是空的，所以 JVM 能够写入它。
附加信息：我发现了一些旨在帮助调试这类事情的设置，"jna.debug_load" 和 "jna.debug_load.jna"。他们的输出并不是那么有启发性，尽管它确实表明它至少在尝试正确的 DLL：
May 23, 2019 10:58:34 AM com.sun.jna.Native loadNativeDispatchLibrary
INFO: Looking in C:\Users\user.name\AppData\Local\Temp\jnidispatch.dll
May 23, 2019 10:58:34 AM com.sun.jna.Native loadNativeDispatchLibrary
INFO: Trying C:\Users\user.name\AppData\Local\Temp\jnidispatch.dll
May 23, 2019 10:59:18 AM com.sun.jna.Native extractFromResourcePath
INFO: Looking in classpath from jdk.internal.loader.ClassLoaders$AppClassLoader@2aae9190 for /com/sun/jna/win32-x86-64/jnidispatch.dll
May 23, 2019 10:59:18 AM com.sun.jna.Native extractFromResourcePath
INFO: Found library resource at jar:file:/D:/Tools/Java-JDK/openjdk-11+28_windows-x64_bin/jdk-11/lib/jna-5.3.1.jar!/com/sun/jna/win32-x86-64/jnidispatch.dll
May 23, 2019 10:59:18 AM com.sun.jna.Native extractFromResourcePath
INFO: Extracting library to C:\Users\user.name\AppData\Local\Temp\jna-762579935\jna7239609079883644065.dll
May 23, 2019 10:59:18 AM com.sun.jna.Native loadNativeDispatchLibraryFromClasspath
INFO: Trying C:\Users\user.name\AppData\Local\Temp\jna-762579935\jna7239609079883644065.dll
所以它肯定是从适当的资源中提取 DLL。如果它是一个 32 位 DLL 而不是 64 位 DLL，我会期待一个不同的错误，尽管这几乎不是我第一次 运行 进入误导性错误消息，如果这是问题的话。
尤里卡！当我尝试 "jna.boot.library.path" 设置时，我仍在我自己的 Temp 目录中。看起来我的系统不允许从临时文件夹加载 DLL。我在一台相对受限的计算机上 运行，这似乎是一个可以采取的合理预防措施。
因此：提取 DLL，将其移动到不在我的用户帐户临时目录下的文件夹中，一切正常...实际上并非如此，我只是收到一个新错误，但至少这个错误已解决。
您可以重新定义 java 将临时文件存储到不受限制的文件夹的位置：
-Djava.io.tmpdir=D:\\javatmpdir
为我工作，但必须手动创建文件夹
有 several similar 个问题，但恐怕我的问题不同到足以区分。我在 windows 10 64 位，使用 Eclipse 4.11 和 OpenJDK 11，并且没有使用管理员帐户。
当我 运行 在内部项目上测试我们的 JUnit 5 套件时，出现异常：
java.lang.UnsatisfiedLinkError: C:\Users\myUserName\AppData\Local\Temp\jna-762579935\jna18359705168434975905.dll: Access is denied
at java.base/java.lang.ClassLoader$NativeLibrary.load0(Native Method)
at java.base/java.lang.ClassLoader$NativeLibrary.load(ClassLoader.java:2430)
at java.base/java.lang.ClassLoader$NativeLibrary.loadLibrary(ClassLoader.java:2487)
at java.base/java.lang.ClassLoader.loadLibrary0(ClassLoader.java:2684)
at java.base/java.lang.ClassLoader.loadLibrary(ClassLoader.java:2617)
at java.base/java.lang.Runtime.load0(Runtime.java:767)
at java.base/java.lang.System.load(System.java:1831)
at com.sun.jna.Native.loadNativeDispatchLibraryFromClasspath(Native.java:1018)
at com.sun.jna.Native.loadNativeDispatchLibrary(Native.java:988)
at com.sun.jna.Native.<clinit>(Native.java:195)
at org.stuff.injury.orca.jna.OrcaJNAWrapper.<clinit>(OrcaJNAWrapper.java:21)
at org.stuff.injury.orca.OrcaLibraryTest.<clinit>(OrcaLibraryTest.java:21)
at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
at java.base/java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:566)
at org.junit.platform.commons.util.ReflectionUtils.invokeMethod(ReflectionUtils.java:628)
at org.junit.jupiter.engine.execution.ExecutableInvoker.invoke(ExecutableInvoker.java:117)
at org.junit.jupiter.engine.descriptor.ClassTestDescriptor.lambda$invokeBeforeAllMethods(ClassTestDescriptor.java:376)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.ThrowableCollector.execute(ThrowableCollector.java:73)
at org.junit.jupiter.engine.descriptor.ClassTestDescriptor.invokeBeforeAllMethods(ClassTestDescriptor.java:375)
at org.junit.jupiter.engine.descriptor.ClassTestDescriptor.before(ClassTestDescriptor.java:201)
at org.junit.jupiter.engine.descriptor.ClassTestDescriptor.before(ClassTestDescriptor.java:77)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.lambda$executeRecursively(NodeTestTask.java:132)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.ThrowableCollector.execute(ThrowableCollector.java:73)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.lambda$executeRecursively(NodeTestTask.java:125)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.Node.around(Node.java:135)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.lambda$executeRecursively(NodeTestTask.java:123)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.ThrowableCollector.execute(ThrowableCollector.java:73)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.executeRecursively(NodeTestTask.java:122)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.execute(NodeTestTask.java:80)
at java.base/java.util.ArrayList.forEach(ArrayList.java:1540)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.SameThreadHierarchicalTestExecutorService.invokeAll(SameThreadHierarchicalTestExecutorService.java:38)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.lambda$executeRecursively(NodeTestTask.java:139)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.ThrowableCollector.execute(ThrowableCollector.java:73)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.lambda$executeRecursively(NodeTestTask.java:125)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.Node.around(Node.java:135)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.lambda$executeRecursively(NodeTestTask.java:123)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.ThrowableCollector.execute(ThrowableCollector.java:73)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.executeRecursively(NodeTestTask.java:122)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.execute(NodeTestTask.java:80)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.SameThreadHierarchicalTestExecutorService.submit(SameThreadHierarchicalTestExecutorService.java:32)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.HierarchicalTestExecutor.execute(HierarchicalTestExecutor.java:57)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.HierarchicalTestEngine.execute(HierarchicalTestEngine.java:51)
at org.junit.platform.launcher.core.DefaultLauncher.execute(DefaultLauncher.java:229)
at org.junit.platform.launcher.core.DefaultLauncher.lambda$execute(DefaultLauncher.java:197)
at org.junit.platform.launcher.core.DefaultLauncher.withInterceptedStreams(DefaultLauncher.java:211)
at org.junit.platform.launcher.core.DefaultLauncher.execute(DefaultLauncher.java:191)
at org.junit.platform.launcher.core.DefaultLauncher.execute(DefaultLauncher.java:137)
at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit5.runner.JUnit5TestReference.run(JUnit5TestReference.java:89)
at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.TestExecution.run(TestExecution.java:41)
at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:541)
at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:763)
at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.run(RemoteTestRunner.java:463)
at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.main(RemoteTestRunner.java:209)
有了断点，我可以看到这个 DLL 就在那里，我可以复制（读取）和重命名（不是很完整的写入权限，但仍然）文件。它不是空的，所以 JVM 能够写入它。
附加信息：我发现了一些旨在帮助调试这类事情的设置，"jna.debug_load" 和 "jna.debug_load.jna"。他们的输出并不是那么有启发性，尽管它确实表明它至少在尝试正确的 DLL：
May 23, 2019 10:58:34 AM com.sun.jna.Native loadNativeDispatchLibrary
INFO: Looking in C:\Users\user.name\AppData\Local\Temp\jnidispatch.dll
May 23, 2019 10:58:34 AM com.sun.jna.Native loadNativeDispatchLibrary
INFO: Trying C:\Users\user.name\AppData\Local\Temp\jnidispatch.dll
May 23, 2019 10:59:18 AM com.sun.jna.Native extractFromResourcePath
INFO: Looking in classpath from jdk.internal.loader.ClassLoaders$AppClassLoader@2aae9190 for /com/sun/jna/win32-x86-64/jnidispatch.dll
May 23, 2019 10:59:18 AM com.sun.jna.Native extractFromResourcePath
INFO: Found library resource at jar:file:/D:/Tools/Java-JDK/openjdk-11+28_windows-x64_bin/jdk-11/lib/jna-5.3.1.jar!/com/sun/jna/win32-x86-64/jnidispatch.dll
May 23, 2019 10:59:18 AM com.sun.jna.Native extractFromResourcePath
INFO: Extracting library to C:\Users\user.name\AppData\Local\Temp\jna-762579935\jna7239609079883644065.dll
May 23, 2019 10:59:18 AM com.sun.jna.Native loadNativeDispatchLibraryFromClasspath
INFO: Trying C:\Users\user.name\AppData\Local\Temp\jna-762579935\jna7239609079883644065.dll
所以它肯定是从适当的资源中提取 DLL。如果它是一个 32 位 DLL 而不是 64 位 DLL，我会期待一个不同的错误，尽管这几乎不是我第一次 运行 进入误导性错误消息，如果这是问题的话。
尤里卡！当我尝试 "jna.boot.library.path" 设置时，我仍在我自己的 Temp 目录中。看起来我的系统不允许从临时文件夹加载 DLL。我在一台相对受限的计算机上 运行，这似乎是一个可以采取的合理预防措施。
因此：提取 DLL，将其移动到不在我的用户帐户临时目录下的文件夹中，一切正常...实际上并非如此，我只是收到一个新错误，但至少这个错误已解决。
您可以重新定义 java 将临时文件存储到不受限制的文件夹的位置：
-Djava.io.tmpdir=D:\\javatmpdir
为我工作，但必须手动创建文件夹