Pygame 人生游戏 运行 慢
Pygame game of life running slow
我决定创建一个更简单的生命游戏版本，因为我无法真正使用我的旧版本。我现在有一个 GameOfLife class，但它 运行 非常慢。当我点击一个单元格时，它需要一些时间才能activates/deactivates，等等。有人知道为什么它很慢吗？是不是 FPSCLOCK 有问题，还是我 运行 不应该 运行？
import pygame
# Defining the grid dimensions.
GRID_SIZE = width, height = 500, 500
# Defining the size of the cells, and how many cells there are in the x and y direction.
CELL_SIZE = 10
X_CELLS = int(width/CELL_SIZE)
Y_CELLS = int(height/CELL_SIZE)
# Defining a color for dead cells (background) and alive cells.
COLOR_DEAD = 0 #background
COLOR_ALIVE = 1 #alive_cell
colors = []
colors.append(( 0, 0, 0)) #Black
colors.append((0, 128, 128)) #blue
# Two lists, one for the current generation, and one for the next generation, so you can have iterations.
current_generation = [[COLOR_DEAD for y in range(Y_CELLS)] for x in range(X_CELLS)]
next_generation = [[COLOR_DEAD for y in range(Y_CELLS)] for x in range(X_CELLS)]
fps_max = 10
class GameOfLife:
def __init__(self):
self.next_iteration = False
self.game_over = False
# Starting pygame
pygame.init()
pygame.display.set_caption("Game of Life - Created by") # Gives a title to the window
self.screen = pygame.display.set_mode(GRID_SIZE) # Create the window with the GRID_SIZE.
#Clock to set the FPS
self.FPSCLOCK = pygame.time.Clock()
# Initialise the generations
self.init_gen(current_generation, COLOR_DEAD)
# Initializing all the cells.
def init_gen(self, generation, c):
for y in range(Y_CELLS):
for x in range(X_CELLS):
generation[x][y] = c
# Drawing the cells, color black or blue at location x/y.
def draw_cell(self, x, y, c):
pos = (int(x * CELL_SIZE + CELL_SIZE / 2),
int(y * CELL_SIZE + CELL_SIZE / 2))
# pygame.draw.rect(screen, colors[c], pygame.Rect(x * CELL_SIZE, y * CELL_SIZE, CELL_SIZE-1, CELL_SIZE-1))
# pygame.draw.circle(screen, colors[c], pos, CELL_SIZE, CELL_SIZE) #Weird form, can also be used instead of rectangles
pygame.draw.circle(self.screen, colors[c], pos, 5,0) # Use the last two arguments (radius, width) to change the look of the circles.
pygame.display.flip()
# Updating the cells.
def update_gen(self):
global current_generation
for y in range(Y_CELLS):
for x in range(X_CELLS):
c = next_generation[x][y]
self.draw_cell(x, y, c)
# Update current_generation
current_generation = list(next_generation)
# Activate a living cell
def activate_living_cell(self, x, y):
global next_generation
next_generation[x][y] = COLOR_ALIVE
# Deactivate a living cell
def deactivate_living_cell(self, x, y):
global next_generation
next_generation[x][y] = COLOR_DEAD
# Function to check neighbor cell
def check_cells(self, x, y):
# Ignoring cells off the edge
if (x < 0) or (y < 0): return 0
if (x >= X_CELLS) or (y >= Y_CELLS): return 0
if current_generation[x][y] == COLOR_ALIVE:
return 1
else:
return 0
def check_cell_neighbors(self, row_index, col_index):
# Get the number of alive cells surrounding the current cell
num_alive_neighbors = 0
num_alive_neighbors += self.check_cells(row_index - 1, col_index - 1)
num_alive_neighbors += self.check_cells(row_index - 1, col_index)
num_alive_neighbors += self.check_cells(row_index - 1, col_index + 1)
num_alive_neighbors += self.check_cells(row_index, col_index - 1)
num_alive_neighbors += self.check_cells(row_index, col_index + 1)
num_alive_neighbors += self.check_cells(row_index + 1, col_index - 1)
num_alive_neighbors += self.check_cells(row_index + 1, col_index)
num_alive_neighbors += self.check_cells(row_index + 1, col_index + 1)
return num_alive_neighbors
# Rules
# 1 Any live cell with fewer than two live neighbors dies, as if by underpopulation.
# 2 Any live cell with two or three live neighbors lives on to the next generation.
# 3 Any live cell with more than three live neighbors dies, as if by overpopulation.
# 4 Any dead cell with exactly three live neighbors becomes a live cell, as if by reproduction.
def create_next_gen(self):
for y in range(Y_CELLS):
for x in range(X_CELLS):
# If cell is live, count neighboring live cells
n = self.check_cell_neighbors(x, y) # number of neighbors
c = current_generation[x][y] # current cell (either dead or alive).
if c == COLOR_ALIVE: # If the cell is living:
if (n < 2): # Rule number 1, underpopulation
next_generation[x][y] = COLOR_DEAD
elif (n > 3): # Rule number 3, overpopulation
next_generation[x][y] = COLOR_DEAD
else: # Rule number 3, 2 or 3 neighbors, staying alive.
next_generation[x][y] = COLOR_ALIVE
else: # if the cell is dead:
if (n == 3):
# Rule number 4: A dead cell with three living neighbors becomes alive.
next_generation[x][y] = COLOR_ALIVE
# Runs the game loop
def handle_events(self):
for event in pygame.event.get():
if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
self.game_over = True # If pressing the quit button, it closes the window.
if event.type == pygame.MOUSEBUTTONDOWN: # if pressing the mouse button, it gets the position. If the cell is dead, make it alive, if the cell is alive, make it dead.
posn = pygame.mouse.get_pos()
x = int(posn[0] / CELL_SIZE)
y = int(posn[1] / CELL_SIZE)
if next_generation[x][y] == COLOR_DEAD:
self.activate_living_cell(x, y)
else:
self.deactivate_living_cell(x, y)
# Check for q, g, s or w keys
if event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN: # keydown --> quits when the button goes down. keyup --> quits when the button goes up again.
if event.unicode == 'q': # Press q to quit.
self.game_over = True
print("q")
elif event.key == pygame.K_SPACE: # Space for the next iteration manually.
self.create_next_gen()
print("keypress")
elif event.unicode == 'a': # a to automate the iterations.
self.next_iteration = True
print("a")
elif event.unicode == 's': # s to stop the automated iterations.
self.next_iteration = False
print("s")
elif event.unicode == 'r': # r to reset the grid.
self.next_iteration = False
self.init_gen(next_generation, COLOR_DEAD)
print("r")
def run(self):
while not self.game_over:
# Set the frames per second.
self.handle_events()
if self.next_iteration: # if next iteration is true, the next gen is created according to the rules.
self.create_next_gen()
# Updating
self.update_gen()
self.FPSCLOCK.tick(fps_max)
if __name__ == "__main__":
game = GameOfLife()
game.run()
pygame.display.flip() 调用重绘整个屏幕 - 您为每个重绘的单元格调用 一次。
将该调用从上面的 draw_cell 方法移动到方法 gen_update() 的末尾，您应该没问题。更好的是，只需将它从任何方法中删除，并将它放在主循环的末尾，就在调用时钟滴答之前：
def run(self):
while not self.game_over:
# Set the frames per second.
self.handle_events()
if self.next_iteration: # if next iteration is true, the next gen is created according to the rules.
self.create_next_gen()
# Updating
self.update_gen()
pygame.display.flip()
self.FPSCLOCK.tick(fps_max)
我决定创建一个更简单的生命游戏版本，因为我无法真正使用我的旧版本。我现在有一个 GameOfLife class，但它 运行 非常慢。当我点击一个单元格时，它需要一些时间才能activates/deactivates，等等。有人知道为什么它很慢吗？是不是 FPSCLOCK 有问题，还是我 运行 不应该 运行？
import pygame
# Defining the grid dimensions.
GRID_SIZE = width, height = 500, 500
# Defining the size of the cells, and how many cells there are in the x and y direction.
CELL_SIZE = 10
X_CELLS = int(width/CELL_SIZE)
Y_CELLS = int(height/CELL_SIZE)
# Defining a color for dead cells (background) and alive cells.
COLOR_DEAD = 0 #background
COLOR_ALIVE = 1 #alive_cell
colors = []
colors.append(( 0, 0, 0)) #Black
colors.append((0, 128, 128)) #blue
# Two lists, one for the current generation, and one for the next generation, so you can have iterations.
current_generation = [[COLOR_DEAD for y in range(Y_CELLS)] for x in range(X_CELLS)]
next_generation = [[COLOR_DEAD for y in range(Y_CELLS)] for x in range(X_CELLS)]
fps_max = 10
class GameOfLife:
def __init__(self):
self.next_iteration = False
self.game_over = False
# Starting pygame
pygame.init()
pygame.display.set_caption("Game of Life - Created by") # Gives a title to the window
self.screen = pygame.display.set_mode(GRID_SIZE) # Create the window with the GRID_SIZE.
#Clock to set the FPS
self.FPSCLOCK = pygame.time.Clock()
# Initialise the generations
self.init_gen(current_generation, COLOR_DEAD)
# Initializing all the cells.
def init_gen(self, generation, c):
for y in range(Y_CELLS):
for x in range(X_CELLS):
generation[x][y] = c
# Drawing the cells, color black or blue at location x/y.
def draw_cell(self, x, y, c):
pos = (int(x * CELL_SIZE + CELL_SIZE / 2),
int(y * CELL_SIZE + CELL_SIZE / 2))
# pygame.draw.rect(screen, colors[c], pygame.Rect(x * CELL_SIZE, y * CELL_SIZE, CELL_SIZE-1, CELL_SIZE-1))
# pygame.draw.circle(screen, colors[c], pos, CELL_SIZE, CELL_SIZE) #Weird form, can also be used instead of rectangles
pygame.draw.circle(self.screen, colors[c], pos, 5,0) # Use the last two arguments (radius, width) to change the look of the circles.
pygame.display.flip()
# Updating the cells.
def update_gen(self):
global current_generation
for y in range(Y_CELLS):
for x in range(X_CELLS):
c = next_generation[x][y]
self.draw_cell(x, y, c)
# Update current_generation
current_generation = list(next_generation)
# Activate a living cell
def activate_living_cell(self, x, y):
global next_generation
next_generation[x][y] = COLOR_ALIVE
# Deactivate a living cell
def deactivate_living_cell(self, x, y):
global next_generation
next_generation[x][y] = COLOR_DEAD
# Function to check neighbor cell
def check_cells(self, x, y):
# Ignoring cells off the edge
if (x < 0) or (y < 0): return 0
if (x >= X_CELLS) or (y >= Y_CELLS): return 0
if current_generation[x][y] == COLOR_ALIVE:
return 1
else:
return 0
def check_cell_neighbors(self, row_index, col_index):
# Get the number of alive cells surrounding the current cell
num_alive_neighbors = 0
num_alive_neighbors += self.check_cells(row_index - 1, col_index - 1)
num_alive_neighbors += self.check_cells(row_index - 1, col_index)
num_alive_neighbors += self.check_cells(row_index - 1, col_index + 1)
num_alive_neighbors += self.check_cells(row_index, col_index - 1)
num_alive_neighbors += self.check_cells(row_index, col_index + 1)
num_alive_neighbors += self.check_cells(row_index + 1, col_index - 1)
num_alive_neighbors += self.check_cells(row_index + 1, col_index)
num_alive_neighbors += self.check_cells(row_index + 1, col_index + 1)
return num_alive_neighbors
# Rules
# 1 Any live cell with fewer than two live neighbors dies, as if by underpopulation.
# 2 Any live cell with two or three live neighbors lives on to the next generation.
# 3 Any live cell with more than three live neighbors dies, as if by overpopulation.
# 4 Any dead cell with exactly three live neighbors becomes a live cell, as if by reproduction.
def create_next_gen(self):
for y in range(Y_CELLS):
for x in range(X_CELLS):
# If cell is live, count neighboring live cells
n = self.check_cell_neighbors(x, y) # number of neighbors
c = current_generation[x][y] # current cell (either dead or alive).
if c == COLOR_ALIVE: # If the cell is living:
if (n < 2): # Rule number 1, underpopulation
next_generation[x][y] = COLOR_DEAD
elif (n > 3): # Rule number 3, overpopulation
next_generation[x][y] = COLOR_DEAD
else: # Rule number 3, 2 or 3 neighbors, staying alive.
next_generation[x][y] = COLOR_ALIVE
else: # if the cell is dead:
if (n == 3):
# Rule number 4: A dead cell with three living neighbors becomes alive.
next_generation[x][y] = COLOR_ALIVE
# Runs the game loop
def handle_events(self):
for event in pygame.event.get():
if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
self.game_over = True # If pressing the quit button, it closes the window.
if event.type == pygame.MOUSEBUTTONDOWN: # if pressing the mouse button, it gets the position. If the cell is dead, make it alive, if the cell is alive, make it dead.
posn = pygame.mouse.get_pos()
x = int(posn[0] / CELL_SIZE)
y = int(posn[1] / CELL_SIZE)
if next_generation[x][y] == COLOR_DEAD:
self.activate_living_cell(x, y)
else:
self.deactivate_living_cell(x, y)
# Check for q, g, s or w keys
if event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN: # keydown --> quits when the button goes down. keyup --> quits when the button goes up again.
if event.unicode == 'q': # Press q to quit.
self.game_over = True
print("q")
elif event.key == pygame.K_SPACE: # Space for the next iteration manually.
self.create_next_gen()
print("keypress")
elif event.unicode == 'a': # a to automate the iterations.
self.next_iteration = True
print("a")
elif event.unicode == 's': # s to stop the automated iterations.
self.next_iteration = False
print("s")
elif event.unicode == 'r': # r to reset the grid.
self.next_iteration = False
self.init_gen(next_generation, COLOR_DEAD)
print("r")
def run(self):
while not self.game_over:
# Set the frames per second.
self.handle_events()
if self.next_iteration: # if next iteration is true, the next gen is created according to the rules.
self.create_next_gen()
# Updating
self.update_gen()
self.FPSCLOCK.tick(fps_max)
if __name__ == "__main__":
game = GameOfLife()
game.run()
pygame.display.flip() 调用重绘整个屏幕 - 您为每个重绘的单元格调用 一次。
将该调用从上面的 draw_cell 方法移动到方法 gen_update() 的末尾，您应该没问题。更好的是，只需将它从任何方法中删除，并将它放在主循环的末尾，就在调用时钟滴答之前：
def run(self):
while not self.game_over:
# Set the frames per second.
self.handle_events()
if self.next_iteration: # if next iteration is true, the next gen is created according to the rules.
self.create_next_gen()
# Updating
self.update_gen()
pygame.display.flip()
self.FPSCLOCK.tick(fps_max)