如何从键列表和列表值快速构建 python 字典?

How to build a python dictionary from a list of keys and a list values, quickly?

我必须列出

labels = ['normal.']
percentages = [0.9936]

我想根据这两个列表构建字典

d = {}
for k, v in enumerate(lables, percentages):
    d[k] = v

但我收到错误消息:

TypeError: 'list' object cannot be interpreted as an integer

这里有什么问题吗?

编辑

然后拿到dict后,我要执行这个操作

result = [str(k) + ": " + str(v) for k, v in previous_dict]

一种方法是zip将两个列表放在一起,并将压缩对象转换为字典。之后你可以迭代 dict.items() 来创建你的列表

In [158]: labels = ['normal.'] 
     ...: percentages = [0.9936]                                                                                                                                                    

In [159]: previous_dict = dict(zip(labels,percentages))  
In [159]: previous_dict                                                                                                                              
Out[159]: {'normal.': 0.9936}

In [24]: result = [str(k) + ": " + str(v) for k, v in previous_dict.items()]                                                                                                        

In [25]: result                                                                                                                                                                     
Out[25]: ['normal.: 0.9936']

另外 enumerate 给你一个 (index, element) 类型的元组列表,你不能像那样传递两个迭代器但你可以再次 zip 这两个迭代器并制作一个字典,代码如下。

对于Python 3.6+,我们也可以使用f-strings来格式化我们的字符串

In [167]: labels = ['normal.'] 
     ...: percentages = [0.9936]                                                                                                                                                    

In [169]: d = {} 
     ...: for k, v in zip(labels, percentages): 
     ...:     d[k] = v 

In [170]: d                                                                                                                                                                         
Out[170]: {'normal.': 0.9936}

In [30]: result = [f'{k}:{v}' for k, v in previous_dict.items()]                                                                                                                    

In [31]: result                                                                                                                                                                     
Out[31]: ['normal.:0.9936']

这是您尝试做的使用列表理解的答案。要使第二步正常工作,您需要使用 .items() 来访问键和值

labels = ['normal.']
percentages = [0.9936]

previous_dict = {k:v for k, v in zip(labels, percentages)}
# {'normal.': 0.9936}

result = [str(k) + ": " + str(v) for k, v in previous_dict.items()]
# ['normal.: 0.9936']