如何为 SolidColorBrush 资源制作动画？

Question

我正在尝试制作 SolidColorBrush 的动画，它是我的自定义控件的资源。此画笔用作五个矩形的填充。

虽然在设计时间，一切都按预期工作，但在运行时间，应用程序立即关闭并显示System.InvalidOperationException, 指出找不到笔刷名称

我开始了一个示例项目，具有：

1 个画笔，我想制作动画

<SolidColorBrush x:Name="rectBrush" x:Key="rectangleBrush" Color="#b266b2" />

5 个矩形，使用该画笔填充。

<Grid>
    <StackPanel
        Orientation="Horizontal"
        VerticalAlignment="Center"
        HorizontalAlignment="Center">
        <Rectangle
            Fill="{StaticResource rectangleBrush}" />
        <Rectangle
            Fill="{StaticResource rectangleBrush}" />
        <Rectangle
            Fill="{StaticResource rectangleBrush}" />
        <Rectangle
            Fill="{StaticResource rectangleBrush}" />
        <Rectangle
            Fill="{StaticResource rectangleBrush}" />
    </StackPanel>
</Grid>

我正在使用 Blend for Visual Studio 来查看故事板是否正确且有效。

启动时我得到：

System.InvalidOperationException: ''rectBrush' name cannot be found in the name scope of 'AnimationExample.MainWindow'

完成 XAML 标记：

<Window x:Class="AnimationExample.MainWindow"
             xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
             xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
             xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006" 
             xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008" 
             mc:Ignorable="d" 
             d:DesignHeight="200" d:DesignWidth="200">
    <Window.Resources>
        <SolidColorBrush x:Name="rectBrush" x:Key="rectangleBrush" Color="#b266b2" />
        <Style TargetType="Rectangle">
            <Setter Property="Width" Value="6" />
            <Setter Property="Height" Value="6" />
            <Setter Property="Margin" Value="1" />
            <Setter Property="HorizontalAlignment" Value="Left" />
            <Setter Property="VerticalAlignment" Value="Bottom" />
            <Setter Property="RadiusX" Value="3" />
            <Setter Property="RadiusY" Value="3" />
        </Style>
        <Storyboard 
            x:Key="NowPlayingAnimation"
            RepeatBehavior="Forever"
            AutoReverse="True">
            <ColorAnimation
                Storyboard.TargetName="rectBrush"
                Storyboard.TargetProperty="Color"
                From="#b266b2"
                To="#6666ff"
                Duration="0:0:1" />
            <ColorAnimation
                Storyboard.TargetName="rectBrush"
                Storyboard.TargetProperty="Color"
                From="#6666ff"
                To="#66b266"
                Duration="0:0:1"
                BeginTime="0:0:1"/>
            <ColorAnimation
                Storyboard.TargetName="rectBrush"
                Storyboard.TargetProperty="Color"
                From="#66b266"
                To="#ffff66"
                Duration="0:0:1"
                BeginTime="0:0:2"/>
            <ColorAnimation
                Storyboard.TargetName="rectBrush"
                Storyboard.TargetProperty="Color"
                From="#ffff66"
                To="#ffc966"
                Duration="0:0:1"
                BeginTime="0:0:3" />
            <ColorAnimation
                Storyboard.TargetName="rectBrush"
                Storyboard.TargetProperty="Color"
                From="#ffc966"
                To="#ff4c4c"
                Duration="0:0:1"
                BeginTime="0:0:4" />
        </Storyboard>
    </Window.Resources>
    <Window.Triggers>
        <EventTrigger RoutedEvent="FrameworkElement.Loaded">
            <BeginStoryboard Storyboard="{StaticResource NowPlayingAnimation}"/>
        </EventTrigger>
    </Window.Triggers>
    <Grid>
        <StackPanel Orientation="Horizontal" VerticalAlignment="Center" HorizontalAlignment="Center">
            <Rectangle Fill="{StaticResource rectangleBrush}" />
            <Rectangle Fill="{StaticResource rectangleBrush}" />
            <Rectangle Fill="{StaticResource rectangleBrush}" />
            <Rectangle Fill="{StaticResource rectangleBrush}" />
            <Rectangle Fill="{StaticResource rectangleBrush}" />
        </StackPanel>
    </Grid>
</Window>

我有两个问题：

为什么在设计时一切正常而且我能够看到我真正想要得到的东西？
有办法实现吗？
- 完全在XAML；
- 没有单独对每个矩形的填充进行动画处理？

提前致谢。

Answer 1

您有两个选择：

将动画放在Style中，直接动起来Background.Color。
将画笔放在它或它的父级在可视化树中可以解析名称的地方。

版本 2：

<Window.Resources>
    <SolidColorBrush x:Name="rectBrush" x:Key="rectangleBrush" Color="#b266b2" />
    <Style TargetType="Rectangle">
        <Setter Property="Width" Value="6" />
        <Setter Property="Height" Value="6" />
        <Setter Property="Margin" Value="1" />
        <Setter Property="HorizontalAlignment" Value="Left" />
        <Setter Property="VerticalAlignment" Value="Bottom" />
        <Setter Property="RadiusX" Value="3" />
        <Setter Property="RadiusY" Value="3" />
    </Style>
    <Storyboard 
        x:Key="NowPlayingAnimation"
        RepeatBehavior="Forever"
        AutoReverse="True">
        <ColorAnimation
            Storyboard.TargetName="BrushCarrier"
            Storyboard.TargetProperty="Tag.Color"
            From="#b266b2"
            To="#6666ff"
            Duration="0:0:1" />
        <ColorAnimation
            Storyboard.TargetName="BrushCarrier"
            Storyboard.TargetProperty="Tag.Color"
            From="#6666ff"
            To="#66b266"
            Duration="0:0:1"
            BeginTime="0:0:1"/>
        <ColorAnimation
            Storyboard.TargetName="BrushCarrier"
            Storyboard.TargetProperty="Tag.Color"
            From="#66b266"
            To="#ffff66"
            Duration="0:0:1"
            BeginTime="0:0:2"/>
        <ColorAnimation
            Storyboard.TargetName="BrushCarrier"
            Storyboard.TargetProperty="Tag.Color"
            From="#ffff66"
            To="#ffc966"
            Duration="0:0:1"
            BeginTime="0:0:3" />
        <ColorAnimation
            Storyboard.TargetName="BrushCarrier"
            Storyboard.TargetProperty="Tag.Color"
            From="#ffc966"
            To="#ff4c4c"
            Duration="0:0:1"
            BeginTime="0:0:4" />
    </Storyboard>
</Window.Resources>
<Window.Triggers>
    <EventTrigger RoutedEvent="FrameworkElement.Loaded">
        <BeginStoryboard Storyboard="{StaticResource NowPlayingAnimation}"/>
    </EventTrigger>
</Window.Triggers>
<Grid>
    <FrameworkElement
        x:Name="BrushCarrier"
        Tag="{StaticResource rectangleBrush}"
        />
    <StackPanel Orientation="Horizontal" VerticalAlignment="Center" HorizontalAlignment="Center">
        <Rectangle Fill="{StaticResource rectangleBrush}" />
        <Rectangle Fill="{StaticResource rectangleBrush}" />
        <Rectangle Fill="{StaticResource rectangleBrush}" />
        <Rectangle Fill="{StaticResource rectangleBrush}" />
        <Rectangle Fill="{StaticResource rectangleBrush}" />
    </StackPanel>
</Grid>

版本 1。在这里，情节提要未定义为资源，并且在加载 window 时不会启动它。每个 Rectangle 都负责自己的动画。

<Style TargetType="Rectangle" x:Key="ColorShiftRectangle">
    <Setter Property="Width" Value="6" />
    <Setter Property="Height" Value="6" />
    <Setter Property="Margin" Value="1" />
    <Setter Property="HorizontalAlignment" Value="Left" />
    <Setter Property="VerticalAlignment" Value="Bottom" />
    <Setter Property="RadiusX" Value="3" />
    <Setter Property="RadiusY" Value="3" />
    <Setter Property="Fill" Value="#b266b2" />
    <Style.Triggers>
        <EventTrigger RoutedEvent="Loaded">
            <BeginStoryboard>
                <Storyboard 
                    RepeatBehavior="Forever"
                    AutoReverse="True">
                    <ColorAnimation
                        Storyboard.TargetProperty="Fill.Color"
                        From="#b266b2"
                        To="#6666ff"
                        Duration="0:0:1" />
                    <ColorAnimation
                        Storyboard.TargetProperty="Fill.Color"
                        From="#6666ff"
                        To="#66b266"
                        Duration="0:0:1"
                        BeginTime="0:0:1"/>
                    <ColorAnimation
                        Storyboard.TargetProperty="Fill.Color"
                        From="#66b266"
                        To="#ffff66"
                        Duration="0:0:1"
                        BeginTime="0:0:2"/>
                    <ColorAnimation
                        Storyboard.TargetProperty="Fill.Color"
                        From="#ffff66"
                        To="#ffc966"
                        Duration="0:0:1"
                        BeginTime="0:0:3" />
                    <ColorAnimation
                        Storyboard.TargetProperty="Fill.Color"
                        From="#ffc966"
                        To="#ff4c4c"
                        Duration="0:0:1"
                        BeginTime="0:0:4" />
                </Storyboard>
            </BeginStoryboard>
        </EventTrigger>

    </Style.Triggers>
</Style>

用法：

    <Rectangle Style="{StaticResource ColorShiftRectangle}" />

如何为 SolidColorBrush 资源制作动画？

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