iOS SwiftUI:以编程方式弹出或关闭视图

iOS SwiftUI: pop or dismiss view programmatically

我找不到任何有关以编程方式制作 popdismiss 我使用 SwiftUI 呈现的视图。

在我看来,唯一的方法是对模式使用已经集成的幻灯片操作(如果我想禁用此功能,则 what/how?),以及导航堆栈的后退按钮。

有人知道解决办法吗? 你知道这是一个错误还是会一直这样?

您可以尝试使用自定义视图和 Transition

这是自定义模式。

struct ModalView<Content>: View where Content: View {

    @Binding var isShowing: Bool
    var content: () -> Content

    var body: some View {
        GeometryReader { geometry in
            ZStack(alignment: .center) {
                if (!self.isShowing) {
                    self.content()
                }
                if (self.isShowing) {
                    self.content()
                        .disabled(true)
                        .blur(radius: 3)

                    VStack {
                        Text("Modal")
                    }
                    .frame(width: geometry.size.width / 2,
                           height: geometry.size.height / 5)
                    .background(Color.secondary.colorInvert())
                    .foregroundColor(Color.primary)
                    .cornerRadius(20)
                    .transition(.moveAndFade) // associated transition to the modal view
                }
            }
        }
    }

}

我重复使用了 Animation Views and Transition 教程中的 Transition.moveAndFade

是这样定义的:

extension AnyTransition {
    static var moveAndFade: AnyTransition {
        let insertion = AnyTransition.move(edge: .trailing)
            .combined(with: .opacity)
        let removal = AnyTransition.scale()
            .combined(with: .opacity)
        return .asymmetric(insertion: insertion, removal: removal)
    }
}

您可以测试它 - 在模拟器中,而不是在预览中 - 像这样:

struct ContentView: View {

    @State var isShowingModal: Bool = false

    func toggleModal() {
        DispatchQueue.main.asyncAfter(deadline: .now() + 3) {
            withAnimation {
                self.isShowingModal = true
            }
            DispatchQueue.main.asyncAfter(deadline: .now() + 3) {
                withAnimation {
                    self.isShowingModal = false
                }
            }
        }
    }

    var body: some View {
        ModalView(isShowing: $isShowingModal) {
            NavigationView {
                List(["1", "2", "3", "4", "5"].identified(by: \.self)) { row in
                    Text(row)
                }.navigationBarTitle(Text("A List"), displayMode: .large)
            }.onAppear { self.toggleModal() }
        }
    }

}

多亏了这个转变,你会看到模态sliding in from the trailing edge,它会zoom and fade out when it is dismissed

SwiftUI 的核心概念是监视数据流。

您必须使用 @State 变量并改变该变量的值来控制弹出和关闭。

struct MyView: View {
    @State
    var showsUp = false

    var body: some View {
        Button(action: { self.showsUp.toggle() }) {
            Text("Pop")
        }
        .presentation(
            showsUp ? Modal(
                Button(action: { self.showsUp.toggle() }) {
                    Text("Dismiss")
                }
            ) : nil
        )
    }
}

如果您愿意,现在可以通过编程方式弹出 NavigationView。这是 beta 5。请注意,您不需要后退按钮。您可以以任何您喜欢的方式以编程方式触发 DetailView 中的 showSelf 属性。而且您不必在母版中显示 "Push" 文本。这可能是一个 EmptyView(),从而创建一个不可见的 segue。

import SwiftUI

struct ContentView: View {
    var body: some View {
        NavigationView {
            MasterView()
        }
    }
}

struct MasterView: View {
    @State private var showDetail = false

    var body: some View {
        VStack {
            NavigationLink(destination: DetailView(showSelf: $showDetail), isActive: $showDetail) {
                Text("Push")
            }
        }
    }
}

struct DetailView: View {
    @Binding var showSelf: Bool

    var body: some View {
        Button(action: {
            self.showSelf = false
        }) {
            Text("Pop")
        }
    }
}

#if DEBUG
struct ContentView_Previews: PreviewProvider {
    static var previews: some View {
        ContentView()
    }
}
#endif

此示例使用 Beta 5 发行说明中记录的新环境变量,该变量使用值 属性。它在后来的测试版中被更改为使用 wrappedValue 属性。此示例现在适用于 GM 版本。这个完全相同的概念可以消除使用 .sheet 修饰符呈现的模态视图。

import SwiftUI

struct DetailView: View {
    @Environment(\.presentationMode) var presentationMode: Binding<PresentationMode>
    var body: some View {
        Button(
            "Here is Detail View. Tap to go back.",
            action: { self.presentationMode.wrappedValue.dismiss() }
        )
    }
}

struct RootView: View {
    var body: some View {
        VStack {
            NavigationLink(destination: DetailView())
            { Text("I am Root. Tap for Detail View.") }
        }
    }
}

struct ContentView: View {
    var body: some View {
        NavigationView {
            RootView()
        }
    }
}

我在尝试对 presentationMode 绑定调用 value 时遇到编译器问题。将 属性 更改为 wrappedValue 为我解决了这个问题。我假设 value -> wrappedValue 是语言更新。我认为此注释更适合作为对 Chuck H 的回答的评论,但没有足够的代表点来发表评论,我还建议将此更改为并进行编辑,但我的编辑被拒绝,因为它更适合作为评论或回答。

SwiftUI Xcode 测试版 5

首先,声明 @Environment,它有一个 dismiss 方法,您可以在任何地方使用它来关闭视图。

import SwiftUI

struct GameView: View {
    
    @Environment(\.presentationMode) var presentation
    
    var body: some View {
        Button("Done") {
            self.presentation.wrappedValue.dismiss()
        }
    }
}

或者,如果您不想通过按钮以编程方式执行此操作,则可以在需要弹出时从视图模型中发出。 订阅@Published,它会在保存完成时更改值。

struct ContentView: View {
    @ObservedObject var viewModel: ContentViewModel
    @Environment(\.presentationMode) var presentationMode

    init(viewModel: ContentViewModel) {
        self.viewModel = viewModel
    }

    var body: some View {
        Form {
            TextField("Name", text: $viewModel.name)
                .textContentType(.name)
        }
        .onAppear {
            self.viewModel.cancellable = self.viewModel
                .$saved
                .sink(receiveValue: { saved in
                    guard saved else { return }
                    self.presentationMode.wrappedValue.dismiss()
                }
            )
        }
    }
}

class ContentViewModel: ObservableObject {
    @Published var saved = false // This can store any value.
    @Published var name = ""
    var cancellable: AnyCancellable? // You can use a cancellable set if you have multiple observers.

    func onSave() {
        // Do the save.

        // Emit the new value.
        saved = true
    }
}

我最近创建了一个名为 swiftui-navigation-stack (https://github.com/biobeats/swiftui-navigation-stack) 的开源项目,其中包含 NavigationStackView,SwiftUI 的替代导航堆栈。它提供了 repo 的自述文件中描述的几个功能。例如,您可以轻松地以编程方式推送和弹出视图。我将通过一个简单的例子向您展示如何做到这一点:

首先将您的层次结构嵌入 NavigationStackVew:

struct RootView: View {
    var body: some View {
        NavigationStackView {
            View1()
        }
    }
}

NavigationStackView 使您的层次结构可以访问名为 NavigationStack 的有用环境对象。例如,您可以使用它按照上面的问题以编程方式弹出视图:

struct View1: View {
    var body: some View {
        ZStack {
            Color.yellow.edgesIgnoringSafeArea(.all)
            VStack {
                Text("VIEW 1")
                Spacer()

                PushView(destination: View2()) {
                    Text("PUSH TO VIEW 2")
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

struct View2: View {
    @EnvironmentObject var navStack: NavigationStack
    var body: some View {
        ZStack {
            Color.green.edgesIgnoringSafeArea(.all)
            VStack {
                Text("VIEW 2")
                Spacer()

                Button(action: {
                    self.navStack.pop()
                }, label: {
                    Text("PROGRAMMATICALLY POP TO VIEW 1")
                })
            }
        }
    }
}

在这个例子中,我使用 PushView 通过点击触发推送导航。然后,在 View2 我使用环境对象以编程方式返回。

完整示例如下:

import SwiftUI
import NavigationStack

struct RootView: View {
    var body: some View {
        NavigationStackView {
            View1()
        }
    }
}

struct View1: View {
    var body: some View {
        ZStack {
            Color.yellow.edgesIgnoringSafeArea(.all)
            VStack {
                Text("VIEW 1")
                Spacer()

                PushView(destination: View2()) {
                    Text("PUSH TO VIEW 2")
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

struct View2: View {
    @EnvironmentObject var navStack: NavigationStack
    var body: some View {
        ZStack {
            Color.green.edgesIgnoringSafeArea(.all)
            VStack {
                Text("VIEW 2")
                Spacer()

                Button(action: {
                    self.navStack.pop()
                }, label: {
                    Text("PROGRAMMATICALLY POP TO VIEW 1")
                })
            }
        }
    }
}

struct ContentView_Previews: PreviewProvider {
    static var previews: some View {
        RootView()
    }
}

结果是:

请检查以下代码,非常简单。

FirstView

struct StartUpVC: View {
@State var selection: Int? = nil

var body: some View {
    NavigationView{
        NavigationLink(destination: LoginView().hiddenNavigationBarStyle(), tag: 1, selection: $selection) {
            Button(action: {
                print("Signup tapped")
                self.selection = 1
            }) {
                HStack {
                    Spacer()
                    Text("Sign up")
                    Spacer()
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

SecondView

struct LoginView: View {
@Environment(\.presentationMode) var presentationMode
    
var body: some View {
    NavigationView{
        Button(action: {
           print("Login tapped")
           self.presentationMode.wrappedValue.dismiss()
        }) {
           HStack {
              Image("Back")
              .resizable()
              .frame(width: 20, height: 20)
              .padding(.leading, 20)
           }
        }
      }
   }
}

iOS 15

从iOS15开始我们可以使用新的@Environment(\.dismiss):

struct SheetView: View {
    @Environment(\.dismiss) var dismiss

    var body: some View {
        NavigationView {
            Text("Sheet")
                .toolbar {
                    Button("Done") {
                        dismiss()
                    }
                }
        }
    }
}

(不用再用presentationMode.wrappedValue.dismiss()了。)


有用的链接:

这也会关闭视图

       let scenes = UIApplication.shared.connectedScenes
                let windowScene = scenes.first as? UIWindowScene
                let window = windowScene?.windows.first
                
                window?.rootViewController?.dismiss(animated: true, completion: {
                    print("dismissed")
                })