如何让 iOS 应用运行在后台运行 Swift 中的每一分钟？

Question

我想制作一个定期向网站发出 HTTP 请求的应用程序。该应用程序必须运行在后台运行，但可以唤醒或显示通知，具体取决于请求的响应。喜欢WhatsApp的消息，但我没有网络服务器，只有http get请求的设备检查值。

Answer 1

这样做的唯一方法是使用静默推送通知（请参阅文档 HERE and HERE），它会在后台唤醒您的应用程序并让您有机会执行一些代码一段时间.但不幸的是，它不适用于本地通知，需要推送通知。

Obs: 请注意，您的时间仅限于执行后台任务，如文档所述

Your app has 30 seconds to perform any tasks and call the provided completion handler

如果您发送太多推送，iOS 可以通过给予应用程序较低的优先级来执行您的任务，甚至干脆不执行它来惩罚您的应用程序

Answer 2

如果您使用静默推送通知，您应该知道静默推送对发送频率有一定限制。

https://developer.apple.com/documentation/usernotifications/setting_up_a_remote_notification_server/sending_notification_requests_to_apns

Check to see if silent notifications are being throttled. APNs sends a limited number of silent notifications—notifications with the content-available key—per day. In addition, if the device has already exceeded its power budget for the day, silent notifications are not sent again until the power budget resets, which happens once a day. These limits are disabled when testing your app from Xcode.

如果申请 force-quit，则不要申请。

如果您需要保证送达，您应该使用 VoIP 推送通知。但是你需要Apple的理由，为什么你需要VoIP推送。

但是你一直在不停地耗电，这对你的用户来说很不友好。

Answer 3

使用静默推送通知是可能的，你可以这个答案。

import Firebase
import UserNotifications



@UIApplicationMain
class AppDelegate: UIResponder, UIApplicationDelegate {

    var window: UIWindow?
    var dataManager = DataManager()
    var reloadSign = false;


    let gcmMessageIDKey = "gcm.message_id"

    func application(_ application: UIApplication, didFinishLaunchingWithOptions launchOptions:
        [UIApplicationLaunchOptionsKey: Any]?) -> Bool {
        Fabric.with([Crashlytics.self])
        // Override point for customization after application launch.

        IQKeyboardManager.shared.enable = true
        DropDown.startListeningToKeyboard()

        FirebaseApp.configure()
        Messaging.messaging().delegate = self


        UNUserNotificationCenter.current().delegate = self as? UNUserNotificationCenterDelegate
        let authOptions: UNAuthorizationOptions = [.alert, .badge, .sound]

//        //Solicit permission from user to receive notifications
        UNUserNotificationCenter.current().requestAuthorization(options: authOptions) { (_, error) in
            guard error == nil else{
               print(error!.localizedDescription)
                return
            }
       }
//        
//        //get application instance ID
        InstanceID.instanceID().instanceID { (result, error) in
            if let error = error {
                print("Error fetching remote instance ID: \(error)")
           } else if let result = result {
                print("Remote instance ID token: \(result.token)")
            }
        }

       application.registerForRemoteNotifications()


        return true
    }



    func application(_ application: UIApplication, didReceiveRemoteNotification userInfo: [AnyHashable: Any]) {
        if let messageID = userInfo[gcmMessageIDKey] {
            print("Message ID: \(messageID)")
           let proj = Project()
            proj.checkData()

        }

        // Print full message.
        print(userInfo)

    }

    func application(_ application: UIApplication, didFailToRegisterForRemoteNotificationsWithError error: Error) {
        print("Unable to register for remote notifications: \(error.localizedDescription)")
    }


    func applicationWillResignActive(_ application: UIApplication) {
        // Sent when the application is about to move from active to inactive state. This can occur for certain types of temporary interruptions (such as an incoming phone call or SMS message) or when the user quits the application and it begins the transition to the background state.
        // Use this method to pause ongoing tasks, disable timers, and invalidate graphics rendering callbacks. Games should use this method to pause the game.
    }

    func applicationDidEnterBackground(_ application: UIApplication) {
        // Use this method to release shared resources, save user data, invalidate timers, and store enough application state information to restore your application to its current state in case it is terminated later.
        // If your application supports background execution, this method is called instead of applicationWillTerminate: when the user quits.
    }

    func applicationWillEnterForeground(_ application: UIApplication) {
        // Called as part of the transition from the background to the active state; here you can undo many of the changes made on entering the background.

    }

    func applicationDidBecomeActive(_ application: UIApplication) {
        // Restart any tasks that were paused (or not yet started) while the application was inactive. If the application was previously in the background, optionally refresh the user interface.
    }

    func applicationWillTerminate(_ application: UIApplication) {
        // Called when the application is about to terminate. Save data if appropriate. See also applicationDidEnterBackground:.

        let ud  = UserDefaults.standard
        ud.set( true, forKey: "isTerminated");
        ud.synchronize()

    }

    func crashlyticsDidDetectReport(forLastExecution report: CLSReport, completionHandler: @escaping (Bool) -> Void) {
        completionHandler(true)
    }


}

extension AppDelegate: UNUserNotificationCenterDelegate{
    func userNotificationCenter(_ center: UNUserNotificationCenter,
                                willPresent notification: UNNotification,
                                withCompletionHandler completionHandler: @escaping (UNNotificationPresentationOptions) -> Void) {
        let userInfo = notification.request.content.userInfo

        // With swizzling disabled you must let Messaging know about the message, for Analytics
        // Messaging.messaging().appDidReceiveMessage(userInfo)
        // Print message ID.
        if let messageID = userInfo[gcmMessageIDKey] {
            print("Message ID: \(messageID)")
        }

        // Print full message.
        print(userInfo)

        // Change this to your preferred presentation option
        completionHandler([])
    }

    func userNotificationCenter(_ center: UNUserNotificationCenter,
                                didReceive response: UNNotificationResponse,
                                withCompletionHandler completionHandler: @escaping () -> Void) {
        let userInfo = response.notification.request.content.userInfo
        // Print message ID.
        if let messageID = userInfo[gcmMessageIDKey] {
            print("Message ID: \(messageID)")
        }

        // Print full message.
        print(userInfo)

        completionHandler()
    }

}

extension AppDelegate: MessagingDelegate{

    func messaging(_ messaging: Messaging, didReceiveRegistrationToken fcmToken: String) {
        print("Firebase registration token: \(fcmToken)")

        let dataDict:[String: String] = ["token": fcmToken]
        NotificationCenter.default.post(name: Notification.Name("FCMToken"), object: nil, userInfo: dataDict)
        // TODO: If necessary send token to application server.
        // Note: This callback is fired at each app startup and whenever a new token is generated.
    }

    func messaging(_ messaging: Messaging, didReceive remoteMessage: MessagingRemoteMessage) {
        print("Received data message: \(remoteMessage.appData)")
    }
}

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