如何从 CSV 导入 start_urls
How to import start_urls from CSV
我在 scrapy 中有一个程序可以抓取多个 URLs，每个 url 都有多个页面，现在它正在输出乱序。它将输出第 1 页的所有内容，然后是第 2 页的所有内容，依此类推，而不是 URL 1 的第 1,2.3... 页和 URL 2 的第 1,2,3 页等等。无论如何，经过大量研究，解决这个问题的方法似乎是从我的 CSV 中导入我的 URLS，然后将其设置为 start_urls，但我无法弄清楚如何在我的当前程序。
# Import from other python files and scrapy files and the needed csv file containing all URLs/proxies/ua
import csv
import scrapy
from scrapy.spiders import Spider
from scrapy_splash import SplashRequest
from ..items import GameItem
from random import randint
from time import sleep
from scrapy.http import FormRequest
########################## SPALSHSPIDER.PY OVERVIEW #####################################################
# process the csv file so the url + ip address + useragent pairs are the same as defined in the file
# returns a list of dictionaries, example:
# [ {'url': 'http://www.starcitygames.com/catalog/category/Rivals%20of%20Ixalan',
# 'ip': 'http://204.152.114.244:8050',
# 'ua': "Mozilla/5.0 (BlackBerry; U; BlackBerry 9320; en-GB) AppleWebKit/534.11"},
# ...
# ]
# plus python file also scrapes all URLs returning needed info and goes to all apges associated with URL by clicking next button
# Function to read csv file that contains URLs that are paried with proxies and user agents
def process_csv(csv_file):
# Initialize data
data = []
# Initialize reader
reader = csv.reader(csv_file)
next(reader)
# While inside csv file and not at end of csv file
for fields in reader:
# Set URL
if fields[0] != "":
url = fields[0]
else:
continue # skip the whole row if the url column is empty
#Set proxy and pair with correct URL
if fields[1] != "":
ip = "http://" + fields[1] + ":8050" # adding http and port because this is the needed scheme
# Set user agent and pair with correct URL
if fields[2] != "":
useragent = fields[2]
# Put all three together
data.append({"url": url, "ip": ip, "ua": useragent})
# Return URL paried with ua and proxy
return data
# Spider clascrapy crawl splash_spider -o data.json
class MySpider(Spider):
# Name of Spider
name = 'splash_spider'
# getting all the url + ip address + useragent pairs then request them
def start_requests(self):
# get the file path of the csv file that contains the pairs from the settings.py
with open(self.settings["PROXY_CSV_FILE"], mode="r") as csv_file:
# requests is a list of dictionaries like this -> {url: str, ua: str, ip: str}
requests = process_csv(csv_file)
for req in requests:
# Return needed url with set delay of 3 seconds
yield SplashRequest(url=req["url"], callback=self.parse, args={"wait": 3},
# Pair with user agent specified in csv file
headers={"User-Agent": req["ua"]},
# Sets splash_url to whatever the current proxy that goes with current URL is instead of actual splash url
splash_url = req["ip"],
)
# Scraping function that will scrape URLs for specified information
# import pdb; pdb.set_trace()
def parse(self, response):
# Initialize item to function GameItem located in items.py, will be called multiple times
item = GameItem()
# Initialize saved_name
saved_name = ""
# Extract card category from URL using html code from website that identifies the category. Will be outputted before rest of data
item["Category"] = response.css("span.titletext::text").get()
# For loop to loop through HTML code until all necessary data has been scraped
for game in response.css("tr[class^=deckdbbody]"):
# Initialize saved_name to the extracted card name
saved_name = game.css("a.card_popup::text").get() or saved_name
# Now call item and set equal to saved_name and strip leading '\n' from output
item["Card_Name"] = saved_name.strip()
# Check to see if output is null, in the case that there are two different conditions for one card
if item["Card_Name"] != None:
# If not null than store value in saved_name
saved_name = item["Card_Name"].strip()
# If null then set null value to previous card name since if there is a null value you should have the same card name twice
else:
item["Card_Name"] = saved_name
# Call item again in order to extract the condition, stock, and price using the corresponding html code from the website
item["Condition"] = game.css("td[class^=deckdbbody].search_results_7 a::text").get()
item["Stock"] = game.css("td[class^=deckdbbody].search_results_8::text").get()
item["Price"] = game.css("td[class^=deckdbbody].search_results_9::text").get()
if item["Price"] == None:
item["Price"] = game.css("td[class^=deckdbbody].search_results_9 span[style*='color:red']::text").get()
# Return values
yield item
# Finds next page button
next_page = response.xpath('//a[contains(., "- Next>>")]/@href').get()
# If it exists and there is a next page enter if statement
if next_page is not None:
# Go to next page
yield response.follow(next_page, self.parse)
部分 CSV 文件
URL,IP Address,User Agent
http://www.starcitygames.com/catalog/category/Vanguard%20Oversized,199.89.192.78,"Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; U; Intel Mac OS X 10_6_6; en-en) AppleWebKit/533.19.4 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/5.0.3 Safari/533.19.4"
http://www.starcitygames.com/catalog/category/Visions,,
http://www.starcitygames.com/catalog/category/Zendikar,,
http://www.starcitygames.com/catalog/category/Duel%20Decks%20Blessed%20vs%20Cursed,,
你做的每件事都是正确的。可以帮助您保持 link 井井有条的是 priority 请求。在此处查看文档：https://docs.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/request-response.html#scrapy.http.Request
priority (int) – the priority of this request (defaults to 0). The priority is used by the scheduler to define the order used to process requests. Requests with a higher priority value will execute earlier. Negative values are allowed in order to indicate relatively low-priority.
因此，在您的 start_requests 中，您可以将 priority 设置为等于从 len(requests) 到 1 的整数。并为 children 中的所有 children 保留此优先级=14=]函数。
这将帮助您 运行 从第一个 url 开始的所有 link，最高优先级等于 len(requests)，然后是所有 link从第二个 link 优先级 len(requests) - 1 等等
我在 scrapy 中有一个程序可以抓取多个 URLs，每个 url 都有多个页面，现在它正在输出乱序。它将输出第 1 页的所有内容，然后是第 2 页的所有内容，依此类推，而不是 URL 1 的第 1,2.3... 页和 URL 2 的第 1,2,3 页等等。无论如何，经过大量研究，解决这个问题的方法似乎是从我的 CSV 中导入我的 URLS，然后将其设置为 start_urls，但我无法弄清楚如何在我的当前程序。
# Import from other python files and scrapy files and the needed csv file containing all URLs/proxies/ua
import csv
import scrapy
from scrapy.spiders import Spider
from scrapy_splash import SplashRequest
from ..items import GameItem
from random import randint
from time import sleep
from scrapy.http import FormRequest
########################## SPALSHSPIDER.PY OVERVIEW #####################################################
# process the csv file so the url + ip address + useragent pairs are the same as defined in the file
# returns a list of dictionaries, example:
# [ {'url': 'http://www.starcitygames.com/catalog/category/Rivals%20of%20Ixalan',
# 'ip': 'http://204.152.114.244:8050',
# 'ua': "Mozilla/5.0 (BlackBerry; U; BlackBerry 9320; en-GB) AppleWebKit/534.11"},
# ...
# ]
# plus python file also scrapes all URLs returning needed info and goes to all apges associated with URL by clicking next button
# Function to read csv file that contains URLs that are paried with proxies and user agents
def process_csv(csv_file):
# Initialize data
data = []
# Initialize reader
reader = csv.reader(csv_file)
next(reader)
# While inside csv file and not at end of csv file
for fields in reader:
# Set URL
if fields[0] != "":
url = fields[0]
else:
continue # skip the whole row if the url column is empty
#Set proxy and pair with correct URL
if fields[1] != "":
ip = "http://" + fields[1] + ":8050" # adding http and port because this is the needed scheme
# Set user agent and pair with correct URL
if fields[2] != "":
useragent = fields[2]
# Put all three together
data.append({"url": url, "ip": ip, "ua": useragent})
# Return URL paried with ua and proxy
return data
# Spider clascrapy crawl splash_spider -o data.json
class MySpider(Spider):
# Name of Spider
name = 'splash_spider'
# getting all the url + ip address + useragent pairs then request them
def start_requests(self):
# get the file path of the csv file that contains the pairs from the settings.py
with open(self.settings["PROXY_CSV_FILE"], mode="r") as csv_file:
# requests is a list of dictionaries like this -> {url: str, ua: str, ip: str}
requests = process_csv(csv_file)
for req in requests:
# Return needed url with set delay of 3 seconds
yield SplashRequest(url=req["url"], callback=self.parse, args={"wait": 3},
# Pair with user agent specified in csv file
headers={"User-Agent": req["ua"]},
# Sets splash_url to whatever the current proxy that goes with current URL is instead of actual splash url
splash_url = req["ip"],
)
# Scraping function that will scrape URLs for specified information
# import pdb; pdb.set_trace()
def parse(self, response):
# Initialize item to function GameItem located in items.py, will be called multiple times
item = GameItem()
# Initialize saved_name
saved_name = ""
# Extract card category from URL using html code from website that identifies the category. Will be outputted before rest of data
item["Category"] = response.css("span.titletext::text").get()
# For loop to loop through HTML code until all necessary data has been scraped
for game in response.css("tr[class^=deckdbbody]"):
# Initialize saved_name to the extracted card name
saved_name = game.css("a.card_popup::text").get() or saved_name
# Now call item and set equal to saved_name and strip leading '\n' from output
item["Card_Name"] = saved_name.strip()
# Check to see if output is null, in the case that there are two different conditions for one card
if item["Card_Name"] != None:
# If not null than store value in saved_name
saved_name = item["Card_Name"].strip()
# If null then set null value to previous card name since if there is a null value you should have the same card name twice
else:
item["Card_Name"] = saved_name
# Call item again in order to extract the condition, stock, and price using the corresponding html code from the website
item["Condition"] = game.css("td[class^=deckdbbody].search_results_7 a::text").get()
item["Stock"] = game.css("td[class^=deckdbbody].search_results_8::text").get()
item["Price"] = game.css("td[class^=deckdbbody].search_results_9::text").get()
if item["Price"] == None:
item["Price"] = game.css("td[class^=deckdbbody].search_results_9 span[style*='color:red']::text").get()
# Return values
yield item
# Finds next page button
next_page = response.xpath('//a[contains(., "- Next>>")]/@href').get()
# If it exists and there is a next page enter if statement
if next_page is not None:
# Go to next page
yield response.follow(next_page, self.parse)
部分 CSV 文件
URL,IP Address,User Agent
http://www.starcitygames.com/catalog/category/Vanguard%20Oversized,199.89.192.78,"Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; U; Intel Mac OS X 10_6_6; en-en) AppleWebKit/533.19.4 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/5.0.3 Safari/533.19.4"
http://www.starcitygames.com/catalog/category/Visions,,
http://www.starcitygames.com/catalog/category/Zendikar,,
http://www.starcitygames.com/catalog/category/Duel%20Decks%20Blessed%20vs%20Cursed,,
你做的每件事都是正确的。可以帮助您保持 link 井井有条的是 priority 请求。在此处查看文档：https://docs.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/request-response.html#scrapy.http.Request
priority (int) – the priority of this request (defaults to 0). The priority is used by the scheduler to define the order used to process requests. Requests with a higher priority value will execute earlier. Negative values are allowed in order to indicate relatively low-priority.
因此，在您的 start_requests 中，您可以将 priority 设置为等于从 len(requests) 到 1 的整数。并为 children 中的所有 children 保留此优先级=14=]函数。
这将帮助您 运行 从第一个 url 开始的所有 link，最高优先级等于 len(requests)，然后是所有 link从第二个 link 优先级 len(requests) - 1 等等