如何使用Django和AJAX显示上传的图片

Question

我正在创建一个允许用户 select 图片并使用 Django 和 AJAX 上传的表单。这个过程工作正常，但问题是上传的图像没有显示在屏幕上，但是我确实为它指定了 div。

这些是我遵循的步骤：

创建处理上传图像的模型。
为函数创建路径。
创建上传 selected 图片的函数。
创建模板和AJAX函数。

models.py:

class photo(models.Model):
    title = models.CharField(max_length=100)
    img = models.ImageField(upload_to = 'img/')

home.html:

 <form method="POST" id="ajax"  enctype="multipart/form-data">
        {% csrf_token %}
        Img:
        <br />
        <input type="file" name="img">

        <br />
        <br />
        <button id="submit"  type="submit">Add</button>

    </form>



<h1> test </h1>
    <div id="photo">
        <h2> {{ photo.title }}</h2>
        <img src="{{ photo.img.url }}" alt="{{ photo.title }}">
    </div>






 $('#ajax').submit(function(e) {
                e.preventDefault();
                var data = new FormData($('#ajax').get(0));
                console.log(data)

                $.ajax({
                    url: '/upload/', 
                    type: 'POST',
                    data: data,
                    contentType: 'multipart/form-data',
                    processData: false,
                    contentType: false,
                    success: function(data) {
                        // alert('gd job');
                        $("#photo").html('<h2> {{'+data.title+'}}</h2> <img src="{{'+data.img.url+ '}}" alt="{{ photo.title }}">')

                    }
                });
                return false;
            });

views.py:

def upload(request):
    if request.method == 'POST':
        if request.is_ajax():
            image = request.FILES.get('img')
            uploaded_image = photo(img = image)
            uploaded_image.save()
            photo=photo.objects.first()    

    # return render(request, 'home2.html')
    return HttpResponse(photo)

我期望用户上传图片和我存入数据库的图片后，一定要在屏幕上显示图片

Answer 1

要使用 ImageField，您必须安装 Pillow

pip install pillow

让我们检查一下您的代码并稍微修改一下。

models.py

from django.db import models


# Create your models here.
class Photo(models.Model):
    title = models.CharField(max_length=100)  # this field does not use in your project
    img = models.ImageField(upload_to='img/')

views.py 我把你的观点分成了两个观点。

from django.shortcuts import render
from django.http import HttpResponse
from .models import *
import json


# Create your views here.
def home(request):
    return render(request, __package__+'/home.html', {})


def upload(request):
    if request.method == 'POST':
        if request.is_ajax():
            image = request.FILES.get('img')
            uploaded_image = Photo(img=image)
            uploaded_image.save()
            response_data = {
                'url': uploaded_image.img.url,
            }
    return HttpResponse(json.dumps(response_data))

urls.py

from django.urls import path
from .views import *
from django.conf.urls.static import static
from django.conf import settings

app_name = __package__

urlpatterns = [
    path('upload/', upload, name='upload'),
    path('', home, name='home'),
]

if settings.DEBUG:
    urlpatterns += static(settings.MEDIA_URL, document_root=settings.MEDIA_ROOT)

settings.py

MEDIA_URL = '/img/'
MEDIA_ROOT = os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'img')

home.html

{% load static %}
<html>
    <head>
        <script src="{% static 'photo/jquery-3.4.1.js' %}"></script>
        <script>
            $(document).ready(function() {
                $('#ajax').submit(function(e) {
                    e.preventDefault();  // disables submit's default action
                    var data = new FormData($('#ajax').get(0));
                    console.log(data);

                    $.ajax({
                        url: '/upload/',
                        type: 'POST',
                        data: data,
                        processData: false,
                        contentType: false,
                        success: function(data) {
                            data = JSON.parse(data); // converts string of json to object
                            $('#photo').html('<img src="'+data.url+ '" />');
                            // <h2>title</h2> You do not use 'title' in your project !!
                            // alt=title see previous comment
                        }
                    });
                    return false;
                });
            });

        </script>    
    </head>
    <body>
        <form method="POST" id="ajax">
            {% csrf_token %}
            Img:
            <br />
            <input type="file" name="img" />
            <br />
            <br />
            <button id="submit"  type="submit">Add</button>
        </form>

        <h1> test </h1>
        <div id="photo"></div>
    </body>
</html>

不要在 javascript {{'+data.title+'}} 中使用模板变量！将字符串作为参数发送到 HttpResponse()，在 return HttpResponse(photo) photo 是一个对象。

Answer 2

对于多个表单：

views.py

def home(request):
    context = {
        'range': range(3),
    }
    return render(request, __package__+'/home.html', context)

home.html

{% load staticfiles %}
<html>
    <head>
        <script src="{% static 'photo/jquery-3.4.1.js' %}"></script>
        <script>
            $(document).ready(function() {
                $('.ajax').each(function () {
                    $(this).submit(function (e) {
                        e.preventDefault();  // disables submit's default action
                        var data = new FormData($(this).get(0));
                        var imageForm = $(this);
                        $.ajax({
                            url: '/upload/',
                            type: 'POST',
                            data: data,
                            processData: false,
                            contentType: false,
                            success: function(data) {
                                data = JSON.parse(data); // converts string of json to object
                                imageForm.parent().find('.photo').html('<img src="'+data.url+ '" />');
                                console.log(imageForm);
                            }
                        });
                        return false;
                    });
                });
            });
        </script>
    </head>
    <body>
        {% for i in range %}
            <div style="border: 1px solid black">
                <form method="POST" class="ajax">
                    {% csrf_token %}
                    <div class="upload-label">Img-{{ i }}:</div>
                    <input type="file" name="img" />
                    <br />
                    <br />
                    <button class="submit"  type="submit">Add</button>
                </form>
                <div class="image-label"> Image: </div>
                <div class="photo">No image yet</div>
            </div>
        {% endfor %}
    </body>
</html>

如何使用Django和AJAX显示上传的图片

How to display the uploaded image using Django and AJAX

javascript

django

image-uploading

django-models