计算 String 中元素的出现次数

Question

我得到了以下数据集：

structure(list(ID = c(5L, 6L, 7L, 8L, 10L), chain = c("x49", 
                                                      "x43", "x32 > x42 > x49 > x45 > x20 > x50 > x38", "x54 > x44", 
                                                      "x38 > x38")), row.names = c(NA, -5L), class = c("data.table", 
                                                                                                       "data.frame"))

   ID                                   chain
1:  5                                     x49
2:  6                                     x43
3:  7 x32 > x42 > x49 > x45 > x20 > x50 > x38
4:  8                               x54 > x44
5: 10                               x38 > x38

chain 列表示产品的购买过程，也缺少一些信息（start 和 buy）。目标是对链中的每个值进行两次计数（origin 例如 from 和 destination 例如 to) 为了能够做到这一点，我需要重组数据集。例如重组链 x54 > x44 应该是这样的：

   from  to
1 start x54
2   x54 x44
3   x44 buy

整个结果应该是这样的：

    from  to
1  start x49
2    x49 buy
3  start x43
4    x43 buy
5  start x32
6    x32 x42
7    x42 x49
8    x49 x45
9    x45 x20
10   x20 x50
11   x38 buy
12 start x54
13   x54 x44
14   x44 buy
15 start x54
16   x54 x44
17   x44 buy
18 start x38
19   x38 x38
20   x38 buy

我已经试过了，但我不确定这是否是个好主意（也不知道如何继续）。

df <- strsplit(df$chain, ">")
lapply(df, trimws)

性能可能很重要，因为链可能会变得很长（30 个项目）并且整个数据集有 10 万行。

Answer 1

基本的 R 方法是拆分 " > " 上的字符串并创建一个组合所有值的数据框。

do.call(rbind, lapply(strsplit(df$chain, " > "), function(x) 
               data.frame(from = c("start",x), to = c(x, "buy"))))

#    from  to
#1  start x49
#2    x49 buy
#3  start x43
#4    x43 buy
#5  start x32
#6    x32 x42
#7    x42 x49
#8    x49 x45
#9    x45 x20
#10   x20 x50
#11   x50 x38
#12   x38 buy
#13 start x54
#14   x54 x44
#15   x44 buy
#16 start x38
#17   x38 x38
#18   x38 buy

使用类似的方法 tidyverse 方法是

library(tidyverse)
map_dfr(str_split(df$chain, " > "), ~tibble(from = c("start",.), to = c(., "buy")))

Answer 2

我们可以用str_c粘贴开头和结尾的字符串，用separate_rows用tidyverse

扩展数据集

library(tidyverse)
dt %>%
   mutate(chain = str_c("start > ", chain, " > buy")) %>%
   separate_rows(chain) %>% group_by(ID) %>% 
   transmute(from = chain, to = lead(chain)) %>% 
   na.omit %>% 
   ungroup %>% 
   select(-ID)
# A tibble: 18 x 2
#   from  to   
#   <chr> <chr>
# 1 start x49  
# 2 x49   buy  
# 3 start x43  
# 4 x43   buy  
# 5 start x32  
# 6 x32   x42  
# 7 x42   x49  
# 8 x49   x45  
# 9 x45   x20  
#10 x20   x50  
#11 x50   x38  
#12 x38   buy  
#13 start x54  
#14 x54   x44  
#15 x44   buy  
#16 start x38  
#17 x38   x38  
#18 x38   buy

计算 String 中元素的出现次数

Count appearence of elements in String

r

strsplit

dplyr