重新格式化这个字符串

Question

我有一个包含一行的文本文件。

2019-06-19 09:00 Login successfully [ Section 1] Param1 : xxxx Param2 : xxxx Param3 : xxxx Param4 : xxxx State: OPEN [ Section 2] Param1 : xxxx Param2 : xxxx Param3 : xxxx Param4 : xxxx State: OPEN [ Section 3] Param1 : xxxx Param2 : xxxx Param3 : xxxx Param4 : xxxx State: OPEN [ Section 4] Param1 : xxxx Param2 : xxxx Param3 : xxxx Param4 : xxxx State: OPEN [ Section 5] Param1 : xxxx Param2 : xxxx Param3 : xxxx Param4 : xxxx State: OPEN [ Section 6] Param1 : xxxx Param2 : xxxx Param3 : xxxx Param4 : xxxx State: OPEN Program Terminated...

我试过 awk 但它只打印最后一部分：

awk '{for(i=1;i<=NF;i++) {if ($i == "Section") beginning=i; if($i== "OPEN") ending=i }; for (j=beginning;j<=ending;j++) printf $j" ";printf "\n"   }'

Section 6] Param1 : xxxx Param2 : xxxx Param3 : xxxx Param4 : xxxx State: OPEN

如何重新格式化为这种模式？

2019-06-19 09:00
[Session 1]
Param1 : xxxx
Param2 : xxxx
Param3 : xxxx
Param4 : xxxx
State  : OPEN

...
...

[Session 6]
Param1 : xxxx
Param2 : xxxx
Param3 : xxxx
Param4 : xxxx
State : OPEN

Answer 1

将[<space>替换为[并在[、Param和State字符串前添加换行符：

$ sed 's/\[ /[/g; s/\(\[\|Param\|State\)/\n/g' <<<'2019-06-19 09:00 Login successfully [ Section 1] Param1 : xxxx Param2 : xxxx Param3 : xxxx Param4 : xxxx State: OPEN [ Section 2] Param1 : xxxx Param2 : xxxx Param3 : xxxx Param4 : xxxx State: OPEN [ Section 3] Param1 : xxxx Param2 : xxxx Param3 : xxxx Param4 : xxxx State: OPEN [ Section 4] Param1 : xxxx Param2 : xxxx Param3 : xxxx Param4 : xxxx State: OPEN [ Section 5] Param1 : xxxx Param2 : xxxx Param3 : xxxx Param4 : xxxx State: OPEN [ Section 6] Param1 : xxxx Param2 : xxxx Param3 : xxxx Param4 : xxxx State: OPEN Program Terminated...'
2019-06-19 09:00 Login successfully 
[Section 1] 
Param1 : xxxx 
Param2 : xxxx 
Param3 : xxxx 
Param4 : xxxx 
State: OPEN 
[Section 2] 
Param1 : xxxx 
Param2 : xxxx 
Param3 : xxxx 
Param4 : xxxx 
State: OPEN 
[Section 3] 
Param1 : xxxx 
Param2 : xxxx 
Param3 : xxxx 
Param4 : xxxx 
State: OPEN 
[Section 4] 
Param1 : xxxx 
Param2 : xxxx 
Param3 : xxxx 
Param4 : xxxx 
State: OPEN 
[Section 5] 
Param1 : xxxx 
Param2 : xxxx 
Param3 : xxxx 
Param4 : xxxx 
State: OPEN 
[Section 6] 
Param1 : xxxx 
Param2 : xxxx 
Param3 : xxxx 
Param4 : xxxx 
State: OPEN Program Terminated...

Answer 2

此命令适用于更一般的情况（例如，如果没有 Param1、Param2 但实际标识符）并更精确地匹配您的预期输出：

sed 's/ \(Login successfully\|Program Terminated...\)//g; s/\[ /[/g; s/\(\[\|[Ss]tate\)/\n/g; s/\([A-Z][A-Za-z0-9]* :\)/\n/g'

工作原理：

该命令有 4 个单独的表达式，由 ;:

分隔

s/ \(Login successfully\|Program Terminated...\)//g - 删除不需要的 Login successfully 和 Program Terminated...，前面有 space
s/\[ /[/g - 在 [
s/\(\[\|[Ss]tate\)/\n/g - 在 State 或 state
s/\([A-Z][A-Za-z0-9]* :\)/\n/g - 在 "Params" 之前添加一个换行符，其名称由大写字母 ([A-Z]) 和任何 ASCII 字母或数字 ([A-Za-z0-9])

示例：

$ STRING="2019-06-19 09:00 Login successfully [ Section 1] Param1 : xxxx Param2 : xxxx Param3 : xxxx Param4 : xxxx State: OPEN [ Section 2] Param1 : xxxx Param2 : xxxx Param3 : xxxx Param4 : xxxx State: OPEN [ Section 3] Param1 : xxxx Param2 : xxxx Param3 : xxxx Param4 : xxxx State: OPEN [ Section 4] Param1 : xxxx Param2 : xxxx Param3 : xxxx Param4 : xxxx State: OPEN [ Section 5] Param1 : xxxx Param2 : xxxx Param3 : xxxx Param4 : xxxx State: OPEN [ Section 6] Param1 : xxxx Param2 : xxxx Param3 : xxxx Param4 : xxxx State: OPEN Program Terminated..."
$ echo $STRING | sed 's/ \(Login successfully\|Program Terminated...\)//g; s/\[ /[/g; s/\(\[\|[Ss]tate\)/\n/g; s/\([A-Z][A-Za-z0-9]* :\)/\n/g'
2019-06-19 09:00
[Section 1]
Param1 : xxxx
Param2 : xxxx
Param3 : xxxx
Param4 : xxxx
State: OPEN
[Section 2]
Param1 : xxxx
Param2 : xxxx
Param3 : xxxx
Param4 : xxxx
State: OPEN
[Section 3]
Param1 : xxxx
Param2 : xxxx
Param3 : xxxx
Param4 : xxxx
State: OPEN
[Section 4]
Param1 : xxxx
Param2 : xxxx
Param3 : xxxx
Param4 : xxxx
State: OPEN
[Section 5]
Param1 : xxxx
Param2 : xxxx
Param3 : xxxx
Param4 : xxxx
State: OPEN
[Section 6]
Param1 : xxxx
Param2 : xxxx
Param3 : xxxx
Param4 : xxxx
State: OPEN

重新格式化这个字符串

Reformat ini string

linux

bash

ini

工作原理：

示例：