尝试使用 Mockito 在 Presenter 中测试 void 方法时出现 NullPointerException
NullPointerException when trying to test a void method in Presenter using Mockito
我正在尝试使用 Mockito 测试我的应用程序。它是使用 MVP 模式构建的。这是我的合同:
public interface CitiesContract {
interface View {
void addCitiesToList(List<City> cityList);
}
interface Presenter {
void passCityListToView();
}
interface Model {
List<City> getCityList();
}
}
这是我的观点:
public class CitiesActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements CitiesContract.View {
private List<City> cityList = new ArrayList<>();
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_cities);
CitiesPresenter presenter = new CitiesPresenter(this);
presenter.passCityListToView();
}
@Override
public void addCitiesToList(List<City> cities) {
cityList.addAll(cities);
}
}
这是我的主持人:
public class CitiesPresenter implements CitiesContract.Presenter {
private CitiesContract.View view;
private CitiesModel model;
public CitiesPresenter(CitiesContract.View view) {
this.view = view;
model = new CitiesModel();
}
@Override
public void passCityListToView() {
List<City> cityList = model.getCityList();
view.addCitiesToList(cityList);
}
}
这是我的模特:
public class CitiesModel implements CitiesContract.Model {
@Override
public List<City> getCityList() {
List<City> cityList = new ArrayList<>();
//Add 30 cities to the list
return cityList;
}
}
如何在 Presenter 中测试 passCityListToView()
方法?这是我到目前为止尝试过的:
public class CitiesPresenterTest {
private CitiesContract.Presenter citiesPresenter;
@Mock
private CitiesContract.View citiesView;
@Mock
private CitiesContract.Model citiesModel;
public void setUp() {
MockitoAnnotations.initMocks(this);
citiesPresenter = new CitiesPresenter(citiesView);
citiesModel = new CitiesModel();
}
@Test
public void testCityListIfNull() {
when(citiesModel.getCityList()).thenReturn(null);
citiesPresenter.passCityListToView();
verify(citiesView).addCitiesToList(null);
}
}
但我得到 NullPointerException
指向这一行:
when(citiesModel.getCityList()).thenReturn(null);
我怎样才能顺利通过这个测试?提前致谢。
编辑:
应要求,这是我的 logcat:
java.lang.NullPointerException
at com.example.CitiesPresenterTest.testCityListIfNull(CitiesPresenterTest.java:28)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498)
at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod.runReflectiveCall(FrameworkMethod.java:50)
at org.junit.internal.runners.model.ReflectiveCallable.run(ReflectiveCallable.java:12)
at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod.invokeExplosively(FrameworkMethod.java:47)
at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.InvokeMethod.evaluate(InvokeMethod.java:17)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runLeaf(ParentRunner.java:325)
at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:78)
at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:57)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:290)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.schedule(ParentRunner.java:71)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:288)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access[=16=]0(ParentRunner.java:58)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:268)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:363)
at org.junit.runner.JUnitCore.run(JUnitCore.java:137)
at com.intellij.junit4.JUnit4IdeaTestRunner.startRunnerWithArgs(JUnit4IdeaTestRunner.java:68)
at com.intellij.rt.execution.junit.IdeaTestRunner$Repeater.startRunnerWithArgs(IdeaTestRunner.java:47)
at com.intellij.rt.execution.junit.JUnitStarter.prepareStreamsAndStart(JUnitStarter.java:242)
at com.intellij.rt.execution.junit.JUnitStarter.main(JUnitStarter.java:70)
多处错误。
第一个:
@Mock
private CitiesContract.Model citiesModel;
这基本上是撤消的:
citiesModel = new CitiesModel();
注释本身足以创建一个模拟对象(准确地说:注释连同那个initMocks()
调用)。
但是您随后进入并创建了一个 真实的 对象,然后您尝试为其添加规范。但是当这里被调用时:
when(citiesModel.getCityList()).thenReturn(null);
如前所述,citiesModel
不是 Mockito 创建的模拟,而是您的作品 class 的 真实 对象。
那不行。因此,首先从您的代码中删除 citiesModel = new CitiesModel();
。
下一个:
您在演示者中 model = new CitiesModel();
class。但是没有魔法可以以某种方式将您的 mocked 模型实例放入演示者 class 的那个字段中。
换句话说:仅仅声明一个 mock 是不够的。您必须确保它被 注入 到您的 class 测试中。通过使用 "test only" 构造函数(需要更多参数)或使用 @InjectMocks 注释传递它。
我正在尝试使用 Mockito 测试我的应用程序。它是使用 MVP 模式构建的。这是我的合同:
public interface CitiesContract {
interface View {
void addCitiesToList(List<City> cityList);
}
interface Presenter {
void passCityListToView();
}
interface Model {
List<City> getCityList();
}
}
这是我的观点:
public class CitiesActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements CitiesContract.View {
private List<City> cityList = new ArrayList<>();
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_cities);
CitiesPresenter presenter = new CitiesPresenter(this);
presenter.passCityListToView();
}
@Override
public void addCitiesToList(List<City> cities) {
cityList.addAll(cities);
}
}
这是我的主持人:
public class CitiesPresenter implements CitiesContract.Presenter {
private CitiesContract.View view;
private CitiesModel model;
public CitiesPresenter(CitiesContract.View view) {
this.view = view;
model = new CitiesModel();
}
@Override
public void passCityListToView() {
List<City> cityList = model.getCityList();
view.addCitiesToList(cityList);
}
}
这是我的模特:
public class CitiesModel implements CitiesContract.Model {
@Override
public List<City> getCityList() {
List<City> cityList = new ArrayList<>();
//Add 30 cities to the list
return cityList;
}
}
如何在 Presenter 中测试 passCityListToView()
方法?这是我到目前为止尝试过的:
public class CitiesPresenterTest {
private CitiesContract.Presenter citiesPresenter;
@Mock
private CitiesContract.View citiesView;
@Mock
private CitiesContract.Model citiesModel;
public void setUp() {
MockitoAnnotations.initMocks(this);
citiesPresenter = new CitiesPresenter(citiesView);
citiesModel = new CitiesModel();
}
@Test
public void testCityListIfNull() {
when(citiesModel.getCityList()).thenReturn(null);
citiesPresenter.passCityListToView();
verify(citiesView).addCitiesToList(null);
}
}
但我得到 NullPointerException
指向这一行:
when(citiesModel.getCityList()).thenReturn(null);
我怎样才能顺利通过这个测试?提前致谢。
编辑:
应要求,这是我的 logcat:
java.lang.NullPointerException
at com.example.CitiesPresenterTest.testCityListIfNull(CitiesPresenterTest.java:28)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498)
at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod.runReflectiveCall(FrameworkMethod.java:50)
at org.junit.internal.runners.model.ReflectiveCallable.run(ReflectiveCallable.java:12)
at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod.invokeExplosively(FrameworkMethod.java:47)
at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.InvokeMethod.evaluate(InvokeMethod.java:17)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runLeaf(ParentRunner.java:325)
at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:78)
at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:57)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:290)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.schedule(ParentRunner.java:71)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:288)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access[=16=]0(ParentRunner.java:58)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:268)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:363)
at org.junit.runner.JUnitCore.run(JUnitCore.java:137)
at com.intellij.junit4.JUnit4IdeaTestRunner.startRunnerWithArgs(JUnit4IdeaTestRunner.java:68)
at com.intellij.rt.execution.junit.IdeaTestRunner$Repeater.startRunnerWithArgs(IdeaTestRunner.java:47)
at com.intellij.rt.execution.junit.JUnitStarter.prepareStreamsAndStart(JUnitStarter.java:242)
at com.intellij.rt.execution.junit.JUnitStarter.main(JUnitStarter.java:70)
多处错误。
第一个:
@Mock
private CitiesContract.Model citiesModel;
这基本上是撤消的:
citiesModel = new CitiesModel();
注释本身足以创建一个模拟对象(准确地说:注释连同那个initMocks()
调用)。
但是您随后进入并创建了一个 真实的 对象,然后您尝试为其添加规范。但是当这里被调用时:
when(citiesModel.getCityList()).thenReturn(null);
如前所述,citiesModel
不是 Mockito 创建的模拟,而是您的作品 class 的 真实 对象。
那不行。因此,首先从您的代码中删除 citiesModel = new CitiesModel();
。
下一个:
您在演示者中 model = new CitiesModel();
class。但是没有魔法可以以某种方式将您的 mocked 模型实例放入演示者 class 的那个字段中。
换句话说:仅仅声明一个 mock 是不够的。您必须确保它被 注入 到您的 class 测试中。通过使用 "test only" 构造函数(需要更多参数)或使用 @InjectMocks 注释传递它。