你能看到在 Azure 应用程序网关 WAF 上触发的防火墙规则吗

Question

我们在预防模式下使用应用程序网关 WAF，它阻止了我们的一些移动应用程序客户端请求。我将 WAF 切换到检测模式并将日志输出到 Log Analytics。我可以看到有关正在发出的请求和正在触发的 WAF 的一些信息，但看不到触发了哪个规则。

有没有办法查看触发了什么规则？在不知道失败原因的情况下很难缩小问题的根源！

Answer 1

当您检查防火墙日志时，您应该会看到 ruleId。

这是一个例子：

{
  "resourceId": "/SUBSCRIPTIONS/{subscriptionId}/RESOURCEGROUPS/{resourceGroupName}/PROVIDERS/MICROSOFT.NETWORK/APPLICATIONGATEWAYS/{applicationGatewayName}",
  "operationName": "ApplicationGatewayFirewall",
  "time": "2017-03-20T15:52:09.1494499Z",
  "category": "ApplicationGatewayFirewallLog",
  "properties": {
    "instanceId": "ApplicationGatewayRole_IN_0",
    "clientIp": "104.210.252.3",
    "clientPort": "4835",
    "requestUri": "/?a=%3Cscript%3Ealert(%22Hello%22);%3C/script%3E",
    "ruleSetType": "OWASP",
    "ruleSetVersion": "3.0",
    "ruleId": "941320",
    "message": "Possible XSS Attack Detected - HTML Tag Handler",
    "action": "Blocked",
    "site": "Global",
    "details": {
      "message": "Warning. Pattern match \"<(a|abbr|acronym|address|applet|area|audioscope|b|base|basefront|bdo|bgsound|big|blackface|blink|blockquote|body|bq|br|button|caption|center|cite|code|col|colgroup|comment|dd|del|dfn|dir|div|dl|dt|em|embed|fieldset|fn|font|form|frame|frameset|h1|head|h ...\" at ARGS:a.",
      "data": "Matched Data: <script> found within ARGS:a: <script>alert(\x22hello\x22);</script>",
      "file": "rules/REQUEST-941-APPLICATION-ATTACK-XSS.conf",
      "line": "865"
    }
  }
}

在此之前，您必须确保为每个应用程序网关启用防火墙日志。此日志还要求在应用程序网关上配置 Web 应用程序防火墙。您可以获得更多详细信息 here.

推荐阅读这两篇文章：

Troubleshoot Web Application Firewall (WAF) for Azure Application Gateway

Azure Application Gateway WAF tuning

Answer 2

当你想知道什么请求被什么规则阻止时，你首先需要运行这个查询：

AzureDiagnostics 
| where ResourceProvider == "MICROSOFT.NETWORK" and Category == "ApplicationGatewayFirewallLog"
| where action_s =="Blocked"

你会发现像949110 - Mandatory rule. Cannot be disabled. Inbound Anomaly Score Exceeded (Total Score: 5)或980130 - Mandatory rule. Cannot be disabled. Inbound Anomaly Score Exceeded (Total Inbound Score: 5 - SQLI=0,XSS=0,RFI=0,LFI=5,RCE=0,PHPI=0,HTTP=0,SESS=0): Restricted File Access Attempt; individual paranoia level scores: 5, 0, 0, 0这样的规则，但你无法阻止这些规则，因为它们只是评分的评估。不过

AzureDiagnostics 
| where ResourceProvider == "MICROSOFT.NETWORK" and Category == "ApplicationGatewayFirewallLog"
| where action_s =="Blocked"
| distinct requestUri_s, ruleId_s

运行此查询获取被阻止的 uris 并使用它们来查找您可以禁用（如果需要）bu 运行宁此查询的规则：

AzureDiagnostics 
| where ResourceProvider == "MICROSOFT.NETWORK" and Category == "ApplicationGatewayFirewallLog"
| where ruleId_s != "949110" and ruleId_s != "980130"
| where requestUri_s == "some-uri"
| distinct ruleId_s

你能看到在 Azure 应用程序网关 WAF 上触发的防火墙规则吗

Can you see the Firewall Rule that was triggered on Azure Application Gateway WAF

azure

azure-log-analytics

azure-application-gateway