OpenAL 只渲染了一个 "bump"，但没有错误。到底是怎么回事？

Question

我正在尝试在 OpenAL 中制作一个简单的声音播放器作为学习练习。我浏览了几个示例和教程，但总是得到相同的结果：没有声音，也没有错误。我读过 OpenAL Documentation 但它从未提到过类似的东西。

我最终认为我可能没有安装 OpenAL，这很有趣，我没有。所以我安装后也是没有声音也没有报错

然后我认为我的缓冲区填充不正确，所以我尝试只用 Java 库播放它。结果完全没问题！

[经过大量测试，已编辑]

现在我有音频了，但只有一个 "bump" 在调用 alSourcePlay 之后，有时在应用程序结束时。如果我使用 AL_FORMAT_STEREO8 或 AL_FORMAT_MONO8 而不是 16 位格式，就会发生这种情况。我想这是格式的问题，但在其他方面正确的格式没有任何反应；甚至没有 "bump".

我只是不知道哪里出了问题。我必须承认，这是我第一次使用 OpenAL。关于 OpenAL 故障排除的信息很少，似乎主要关注 OpenGL 和 Vulkan。

这是我到目前为止编写的代码。我正在使用 LWJGL 访问 OpenAL 和 Java 8.


import static org.lwjgl.openal.AL10.AL_BUFFER;
import static org.lwjgl.openal.AL10.AL_FORMAT_MONO16;
import static org.lwjgl.openal.AL10.AL_FORMAT_MONO8;
import static org.lwjgl.openal.AL10.AL_FORMAT_STEREO16;
import static org.lwjgl.openal.AL10.AL_FORMAT_STEREO8;
import static org.lwjgl.openal.AL10.AL_GAIN;
import static org.lwjgl.openal.AL10.AL_INVALID_ENUM;
import static org.lwjgl.openal.AL10.AL_INVALID_VALUE;
import static org.lwjgl.openal.AL10.AL_NO_ERROR;
import static org.lwjgl.openal.AL10.AL_OUT_OF_MEMORY;
import static org.lwjgl.openal.AL10.AL_PITCH;
import static org.lwjgl.openal.AL10.AL_POSITION;
import static org.lwjgl.openal.AL10.AL_VELOCITY;
import static org.lwjgl.openal.AL10.alBufferData;
import static org.lwjgl.openal.AL10.alDeleteBuffers;
import static org.lwjgl.openal.AL10.alDeleteSources;
import static org.lwjgl.openal.AL10.alGenBuffers;
import static org.lwjgl.openal.AL10.alGenSources;
import static org.lwjgl.openal.AL10.alGetError;
import static org.lwjgl.openal.AL10.alListener3f;
import static org.lwjgl.openal.AL10.alSource3f;
import static org.lwjgl.openal.AL10.alSourcePlay;
import static org.lwjgl.openal.AL10.alSourcef;
import static org.lwjgl.openal.AL10.alSourcei;
import static org.lwjgl.openal.ALC10.alcCloseDevice;
import static org.lwjgl.openal.ALC10.alcCreateContext;
import static org.lwjgl.openal.ALC10.alcMakeContextCurrent;
import static org.lwjgl.openal.ALC10.alcOpenDevice;

import java.io.BufferedInputStream;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
import java.nio.IntBuffer;

import javax.sound.sampled.AudioFormat;
import javax.sound.sampled.AudioInputStream;
import javax.sound.sampled.AudioSystem;

import org.lwjgl.openal.AL;
import org.lwjgl.openal.ALC;
import org.lwjgl.openal.ALC10;
import org.lwjgl.openal.ALCCapabilities;

import dev.ckitty.engine.kc.io.AutoByteBuffer;
import dev.ckitty.engine.kc.io.FileLoader;
import dev.ckitty.engine.kc.main.Engine;
import dev.ckitty.engine.kc.utils.Util;

public class AudioMaster {

    private long device, context;
    private int buffer, source;

    public AudioMaster() {
        init();
        load();
        source();

        Engine.log("Playing!");
        play();
        Util.waitSec(10);

        deinit();
    }

    public void init() {
        device = alcOpenDevice((ByteBuffer) null);
        if (device == 0)
            throw new IllegalStateException("Failed to open the default device.");

        ALCCapabilities deviceCaps = ALC.createCapabilities(device);

        context = alcCreateContext(device, (IntBuffer) null);
        if (context == 0)
            throw new IllegalStateException("Failed to create an OpenAL context.");

        alcMakeContextCurrent(context);
        Engine.log(erroralc());

        AL.createCapabilities(deviceCaps);
        Engine.log(error());
    }

    public void load() {
        AutoByteBuffer abb = new AutoByteBuffer();
        AudioFormat format = null;

        try {
            InputStream is = FileLoader.Internal.getInputStream("/kc/audios/LFZ - Popsicle.wav");
            BufferedInputStream bis = new BufferedInputStream(is);
            AudioInputStream ais = AudioSystem.getAudioInputStream(bis);
            abb.put(ais);
            format = ais.getFormat();

            ais.close();
            bis.close();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

        buffer = alGenBuffers();
        int samplerate = (int) format.getSampleRate();
        alBufferData(buffer, AL_FORMAT_STEREO8, abb.flip(), samplerate);
    }

    public void source() {
        source = alGenSources();
        Engine.log(error());
        alSourcef(source, AL_GAIN, 1f);
        alSourcef(source, AL_PITCH, 1f);
        alSource3f(source, AL_POSITION, 0f, 0f, 0f);
        alSourcei(source, AL_BUFFER, buffer);
    }

    public void play() {
        alListener3f(AL_POSITION, 0, 0, 0);
        alListener3f(AL_VELOCITY, 0, 0, 0);



        Engine.log("PLAYING");
        alSourcePlay(source);
    }

    public String erroralc() {
        switch (ALC10.alcGetError(device)) {
          case AL_NO_ERROR: return "ALC_NO_ERROR";
          case AL_INVALID_ENUM: return "ALC_INVALID_ENUM";
          case AL_INVALID_VALUE: return "ALC_INVALID_VALUE";
          case AL_OUT_OF_MEMORY: return "ALC_OUT_OF_MEMORY";
          /* ... */
          default:
            return "Unknown error code";
        }
    }

    public String error() {
        switch (alGetError()) {
          case AL_NO_ERROR: return "AL_NO_ERROR";
          case AL_INVALID_ENUM: return "AL_INVALID_ENUM";
          case AL_INVALID_VALUE: return "AL_INVALID_VALUE";
          case AL_OUT_OF_MEMORY: return "AL_OUT_OF_MEMORY";
          /* ... */
          default:
            return "Unknown error code";
        }
    }

    public void deinit() {
        alDeleteSources(source);
        alDeleteBuffers(buffer);
        alcCloseDevice(device);
    }

}

AutoByteBuffer


import java.io.InputStream;
import java.nio.ByteBuffer;

public class AutoByteBuffer {

    private byte[] array = new byte[0];
    private int index;

    public void put(InputStream is) {
        int n;
        byte[] data = new byte[1024];
        try {
            while ((n = is.read(data)) != -1)
                put(data, 0, n);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    public void put(byte[] src) {
        put(src, 0, src.length);
    }

    public void put(byte[] src, int off, int length) {
        resize(src.length);
        for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
            array[index++] = src[off + i];
        }
    }

    protected void resize(int bytes) {
        Math.addExact(index, bytes);
        if (index + bytes >= array.length) {
            int newsize = (int) ((index + bytes) * 1.5 + 0.5);
            if (newsize < index + bytes)
                throw new RuntimeException("Could not store enough memory!");

            byte[] copy = new byte[newsize];
            System.arraycopy(array, 0, copy, 0, index);
            array = copy;
        }
    }

    public ByteBuffer flip() {
        ByteBuffer buffer = ByteBuffer.allocate(index);
        buffer.put(array, 0, index);
        buffer.flip();
        return buffer;
    }

}

控制台输出

 > Starting AudioMaster!
AL lib: (EE) UpdateDeviceParams: Failed to set 44100hz, got 48000hz instead
 > ALC_NO_ERROR
 > AL_NO_ERROR
 > AL_NO_ERROR
 > Playing!
 > PLAYING

Answer 1

我仍然不知道发生了什么，但我是如何按照 this tutorial. The dude tells us to use this 代码加载 wav 文件的，它似乎工作得很好！我的理论是它运行良好，因为它使用 LWJGL 缓冲区而不是 java 缓冲区。查看 LWJGL 的源代码，它似乎很重要，因为它试图获取缓冲区的内存地址。而且，当然，如果 LWJGL 是创建缓冲区的那个，它会确切地知道它在哪里。

OpenAL 只渲染了一个 "bump"，但没有错误。到底是怎么回事？

OpenAL renders only one "bump", but there are no errors. What is going on?

java

audio

openal

lwjgl