如何在同一个 pip 存储库中维护 glibc 和 libmusl Python wheels？

Question

之前，我们仅将内部 pip 存储库用于源分发。展望未来，我们还希望承载轮子以完成两件事：

为（本地）开发人员机器和 Alpine Docker 环境提供我们自己的代码
为没有 Alpine wheels 的包创建 wheels

不幸的是，使用不同库构建的轮子共享相同的工件名称，第二个被 pip 存储库拒绝：

docker-compose.yml

version: '3'

services:
  build-alpine:
    build: alpine
    image: build-alpine-wheels
    volumes:
      - $PWD/cython:/build
    working_dir: /build
    command: sh -c 'python setup.py bdist_wheel && twine upload --repository-url http://pypi:8080 -u admin -p admin dist/*'

  build-debian:
    build: debian
    image: build-debian-wheels
    volumes:
      - $PWD/cython-debian:/build
    working_dir: /build
    command: bash -c 'sleep 10s && python setup.py bdist_wheel && twine upload --repository-url http://pypi:8080 -u admin -p admin dist/*'

  pypi:
    image: stevearc/pypicloud:1.0.2
    volumes:
      - $PWD/pypi:/etc/pypicloud/

  alpine-test:
    image: build-alpine-wheels
    depends_on:
      - build-alpine
    command: sh -c 'while ping -c1 build-alpine &>/dev/null;  do sleep 1; done; echo "build container finished" && pip install -i http://pypi:8080/pypi --trusted-host pypi cython && cython --version'

  debian-test:
    image: python:3.6
    depends_on:
      - build-debian
    command: bash -c 'while ping -c1 build-debian &>/dev/null;  do sleep 1; done; echo "build container finished" && pip install -i http://pypi:8080/pypi --trusted-host pypi cython && cython --version'

alpine/Dockerfile

FROM python:3.6-alpine

RUN apk add --update --no-cache build-base
RUN pip install --upgrade pip
RUN pip install twine

debian/Dockerfile

FROM python:3.6-slim

RUN apt-get update && apt-get install -y \
    build-essential \
 && rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*
RUN pip install --upgrade pip
RUN pip install twine

pypi/config.ini

[app:main]
use = egg:pypicloud

pyramid.reload_templates = False
pyramid.debug_authorization = false
pyramid.debug_notfound = false
pyramid.debug_routematch = false
pyramid.default_locale_name = en

pypi.default_read =
    everyone
pypi.default_write =
    everyone

pypi.storage = file
storage.dir = %(here)s/packages

db.url = sqlite:///%(here)s/db.sqlite

auth.admins =
  admin

user.admin = $rounds=535000$sFuRqMc5PbRccW1J$OBCsn8szlBwr4yPP243JPqomapgInRCUavv/p/UErt7I5FG4O6IGSHkH6H7ZPlrMXO1I8p5LYCQQxthgWZtxe1

# For beaker
session.encrypt_key = s0ETvuGG9Z8c6lK23Asxse4QyuVCsI2/NvGiNvvYl8E=
session.validate_key = fJvHQieaa0g3XsdgMF5ypE4pUf2tPpkbjueLQAAHN/k=
session.secure = False
session.invalidate_corrupt = true

###
# wsgi server configuration
###

[uwsgi]
paste = config:%p
paste-logger = %p
master = true
processes = 20
reload-mercy = 15
worker-reload-mercy = 15
max-requests = 1000
enable-threads = true
http = 0.0.0.0:8080
virtualenv = /env

###
# logging configuration
# http://docs.pylonsproject.org/projects/pyramid/en/latest/narr/logging.html
###

[loggers]
keys = root, botocore, pypicloud

[handlers]
keys = console

[formatters]
keys = generic

[logger_root]
level = INFO
handlers = console

[logger_pypicloud]
level = DEBUG
qualname = pypicloud
handlers =

[logger_botocore]
level = WARN
qualname = botocore
handlers =

[handler_console]
class = StreamHandler
args = (sys.stderr,)
level = NOTSET
formatter = generic

[formatter_generic]
format = %(levelname)s %(asctime)s [%(name)s] %(message)s

设置和执行

git clone https://github.com/cython/cython
git clone https://github.com/cython/cython cython-debian
docker-compose build
docker-compose up

最后我希望两个测试容器都能执行 cython --version。适用于 Alpine 容器：

alpine-test_1   | Collecting cython
alpine-test_1   | Downloading http://pypi:8080/api/package/cython/Cython-0.29.12-cp36-cp36m-linux_x86_64.whl (5.0MB)
alpine-test_1   | Installing collected packages: cython
alpine-test_1   | Successfully installed cython-0.29.12
alpine-test_1   | Cython version 0.29.12

但不适用于 Debian 容器：

debian-test_1   | Downloading http://pypi:8080/api/package/cython/Cython-0.29.12-cp36-cp36m-linux_x86_64.whl (5.0MB)
debian-test_1   | Installing collected packages: cython
debian-test_1   | Successfully installed cython-0.29.12
debian-test_1   | Traceback (most recent call last):
debian-test_1   |   File "/usr/local/bin/cython", line 6, in <module>
debian-test_1   |     from Cython.Compiler.Main import setuptools_main
debian-test_1   |   File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/Cython/Compiler/Main.py", line 28, in <module>
debian-test_1   |     from .Scanning import PyrexScanner, FileSourceDescriptor
debian-test_1   | ImportError: libc.musl-x86_64.so.1: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory

我特别好奇这两种环境都试图拉动这个轮子，因为有各种各样的软件包不适用于 Alpine（例如 Pandas），在这种情况下 pip 直接用于源分发.我想我在这方面也一定做错了什么。

所以现在我想知道如何创建这些轮子，以便对于每个版本的软件包，两个不同的轮子可以存在于 pip 存储库中，并让 pip 自动下载并安装正确的轮子。

Answer 1

我建议完全不要使用 Alpine — 您可以获得几乎与多阶段构建一样小的图像（https://pythonspeed.com/articles/smaller-python-docker-images/), and musl doesn't just mean lack of binary wheels. There's a whole bunch of production bugs people have had due to musl (Python crashes, timestamp formatting problems—see https://pythonspeed.com/articles/base-image-python-docker-images/ 供参考）。

大多数已知的 musl 链接都已修复，但它的不同之处似乎不值得冒生产风险（更不用说您非常昂贵的开发时间！）只是为了获得一个 100MB 的小图像。

Answer 2

manylinux 标准目前不支持 musl：您的选择是始终从源代码构建，或者针对不同的基于 glibc 的平台。

Answer 3

好像现在PEP656定义了一个平台标签'musllinux' https://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-0656/

如何在同一个 pip 存储库中维护 glibc 和 libmusl Python wheels？

How to maintain glibc and libmusl Python wheels in the same pip repository?

python

pip

pypi

python-wheel

twine