如何使用 UIDefault 为 swing 创建新的外观

Question

我正在为 Java 开发新的外观和感觉；这种外观导入了 Material 风格。

我曾使用 UIDefault 导入外观内部的更改，所以现在我必须卸载外观，但此操作出现问题。

外观和感觉没有正确删除，现在我已经将 UIDefault 映射用于所有操作，我认为这是一个错误，因为我的常量覆盖了旧常量并且当我去删除我的外观和感觉时。新的外观和感觉不会覆盖我的常量

这就是我使用 UIDefault

的方式

@Override
    protected void initComponentDefaults(UIDefaults table) {
        super.initComponentDefaults(table);

        table.put("Button.highlight", MaterialColors.GRAY_400);
        table.put("Button.opaque", false);
        table.put("Button.border", BorderFactory.createEmptyBorder(7, 17, 7, 17));
        table.put("Button.background", MaterialColors.GRAY_200);
        table.put("Button.foreground", MaterialColors.COSMO_BLACK);
        table.put("Button.disabledBackground", MaterialColors.COSMO_DARK_GRAY);
        table.put("Button.disabledForeground", MaterialColors.BLACK);
        table.put("Button[Default].background", MaterialColors.LIGHT_BLUE_500);
        table.put("Button[Default].foreground", Color.WHITE);
        table.put("Button.font", MaterialFontFactory.getInstance().getFont(MaterialFontFactory.BOLD));
        //table.put("Button[Default].mouseHoverColor", MaterialColors.LIGHT_BLUE_200);
        table.put("Button.mouseHoverColor", MaterialColors.GRAY_500);
        table.put("Button.mouseHoverEnable", true);
        table.put("Button.focusable", true);
        table.put("Button[focus].color", MaterialColors.GRAY_900);
        table.put("Button.disabledText", MaterialColors.GRAY_600);

        table.put("CheckBox.font", MaterialFontFactory.getInstance().getFont(MaterialFontFactory.BOLD));
        table.put("CheckBox.background", MaterialColors.WHITE);
        table.put("CheckBox.foreground", MaterialColors.BLACK);
        table.put("CheckBox.disabledText", MaterialColors.COSMO_STRONG_GRAY);
        table.put("CheckBox.icon", new ImageIcon(MaterialImageFactory.getInstance().getImage(MaterialImageFactory.UNCHECKED_BLACK_BOX)));
        table.put("CheckBox.selectedIcon", new ImageIcon(MaterialImageFactory.getInstance().getImage(MaterialImageFactory.CHECKED_BLACK_BOX)));

        table.put("ComboBox.font", MaterialFontFactory.getInstance().getFont(MaterialFontFactory.REGULAR));
        table.put("ComboBox.background", MaterialColors.WHITE);
        table.put("ComboBox.foreground", MaterialColors.BLACK);
        table.put("ComboBox.border", MaterialBorders.roundedLineColorBorder(MaterialColors.COSMO_BLACK));
        table.put("ComboBox.borderItems", BorderFactory.createEmptyBorder(1, 2, 0, 1));
        table.put("ComboBox.buttonBackground", MaterialColors.WHITE);
        table.put("ComboBox[button].border", BorderFactory.createLineBorder(MaterialColors.WHITE));
        table.put("ComboBox.disabledBackground", MaterialColors.WHITE);
        table.put("ComboBox.disabledForeground", MaterialColors.GRAY_900);
        table.put("ComboBox.selectionBackground", MaterialColors.WHITE);
        table.put("ComboBox.selectionForeground", Color.BLACK);
        table.put("ComboBox.selectedInDropDownBackground", MaterialColors.COSMO_LIGTH_BLUE);
        table.put("ComboBox.mouseHoverColor", MaterialColors.WHITE);
        table.put("ComboBox.unfocusColor", MaterialColors.COSMO_BLACK);
        table.put("ComboBox.focusColor", MaterialColors.LIGHT_BLUE_400);
        table.put("ComboBox.mouseHoverEnabled", false);

        table.put("Menu.font", MaterialFontFactory.getInstance().getFont(MaterialFontFactory.REGULAR));
        table.put("Menu.border", BorderFactory.createEmptyBorder(5, 5, 5, 5));
        table.put("Menu.background", Color.WHITE);
        table.put("Menu.foreground", Color.BLACK);
        table.put("Menu.opaque", true);
        table.put("Menu.selectionBackground", MaterialColors.GRAY_200);
        table.put("Menu.selectionForeground", MaterialColors.BLACK);
        table.put("Menu.disabledForeground", new Color(0, 0, 0, 100));
        table.put("Menu.menuPopupOffsetY", 3);
        table.put("Menu[MouseOver].enable", true); //TODO adding into master

        table.put("MenuBar.font", MaterialFontFactory.getInstance().getFont(MaterialFontFactory.BOLD));
        table.put("MenuBar.background", Color.WHITE);
        table.put("MenuBar.border", MaterialBorders.LIGHT_SHADOW_BORDER);
        table.put("MenuBar.foreground", MaterialColors.BLACK);

        table.put("MenuItem.disabledForeground", new Color(0, 0, 0, 100));
        table.put("MenuItem.selectionBackground", MaterialColors.GRAY_200);
        table.put("MenuItem.selectionForeground", Color.BLACK);
        table.put("MenuItem.font", MaterialFontFactory.getInstance().getFont(MaterialFontFactory.MEDIUM));
        table.put("MenuItem.background", Color.WHITE);
        table.put("MenuItem.foreground", Color.BLACK);
        table.put("MenuItem.border", BorderFactory.createEmptyBorder(5, 0, 5, 0));
    }

这是我的应用程序，具有我的外观和感觉

这是我更改外观时的应用

这是更改外观的代码

public class DemoGUITest extends JFrame {

    static {
        try {
            UIManager.setLookAndFeel(new MaterialLookAndFeel());
            JDialog.setDefaultLookAndFeelDecorated(true);
        } catch (UnsupportedLookAndFeelException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    private static final DemoGUITest SINGLETON = new DemoGUITest();


    public void reloadUI(){
        SwingUtilities.updateComponentTreeUI(this);
    }

    public void changeThemeWith(BasicLookAndFeel lookAndFeel){
        try {
            UIManager.setLookAndFeel(lookAndFeel);
            this.reloadUI();
        } catch (UnsupportedLookAndFeelException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }


    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SwingUtilities.invokeLater(new Runnable() {
            @Override
            public void run() {
                SINGLETON.initComponent();
            }
        });
    }
}

这是一个最小的例子

Class主要

import com.sun.java.swing.plaf.gtk.GTKLookAndFeel;
import mdlaf.utils.MaterialColors;
import mdlaf.utils.MaterialFontFactory;

import javax.swing.*;
import javax.swing.plaf.BorderUIResource;
import javax.swing.plaf.ColorUIResource;
import javax.swing.plaf.metal.MetalLookAndFeel;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;

/**
 * @author https://github.com/vincenzopalazzo
 */
public class MaterialMain extends JFrame {

    public static MaterialMain SINGLETON = new MaterialMain();

    static {
        try {
            UIManager.setLookAndFeel(new LookAndFeelTest());
        } catch (UnsupportedLookAndFeelException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }


    public void init() {
        JMenuBar menuBar = new JMenuBar();
        JMenu file = new JMenu("File");
        menuBar.add(file);
        this.setJMenuBar(menuBar);
        JPanel panel = new JPanel();

        JButton changeTheme = new JButton();
        changeTheme.setAction(new AbstractAction() {
            @Override
            public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
                try {
                    UIManager.setLookAndFeel(new GTKLookAndFeel());
                } catch (UnsupportedLookAndFeelException ex) {
                    ex.printStackTrace();
                }
                SwingUtilities.updateComponentTreeUI(SINGLETON);
            }
        });
        changeTheme.setText("Set GTK");

        panel.add(changeTheme);

        setTitle("Look and feel");

        setDefaultCloseOperation(EXIT_ON_CLOSE);

        setSize(630, 360);

        add(panel);

        setLocationRelativeTo(null);

        setVisible(true);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SwingUtilities.invokeLater(new Runnable() {
            @Override
            public void run() {
                SINGLETON.init();
            }
        });
    }

    public static class LookAndFeelTest extends MetalLookAndFeel{

        @Override
        protected void initClassDefaults(UIDefaults table) {
            super.initClassDefaults(table);
           table.put("MenuUI", MenuTestUI.class.getCanonicalName());
           table.put("ButtonUI", JButtonUI.class.getCanonicalName());
        }

        @Override
        protected void initComponentDefaults(UIDefaults table) {
            super.initComponentDefaults(table);

            //table.put("Menu.font", new FontUIResource(MaterialFontFactory.getInstance().getFont(MaterialFontFactory.REGULAR)));
            table.put("Menu.border", new BorderUIResource(BorderFactory.createEmptyBorder(5, 5, 5, 5)));
            table.put("Menu.background", (Color.ORANGE));
            table.put("Menu.foreground", (Color.BLACK));
            table.put("Menu.opaque", true);
            table.put("Menu.selectionBackground", new ColorUIResource(Color.YELLOW));
            table.put("Menu.selectionForeground", new ColorUIResource(Color.BLACK));
            table.put("Menu.disabledForeground", new ColorUIResource(new Color(0, 0, 0, 100)));
            table.put("Menu.menuPopupOffsetY", 3);

            //table.put("MenuBar.font", MaterialFontFactory.getInstance().getFont(MaterialFontFactory.BOLD));
            table.put("MenuBar.background", (Color.ORANGE));
            //table.put("MenuBar.border", MaterialBorders.LIGHT_SHADOW_BORDER);
            table.put("MenuBar.foreground", (Color.BLACK));

            table.put("Button.highlight", Color.ORANGE);
            table.put("Button.opaque", false);
            table.put("Button.border", BorderFactory.createEmptyBorder(7, 17, 7, 17));
            table.put("Button.background", Color.ORANGE);
            table.put("Button.foreground", Color.BLACK);
            table.put("Button.focusable", true);
            table.put("Button[focus].color", Color.GREEN);
        }
    }
}

菜单界面

import mdlaf.animation.MaterialUIMovement;
import mdlaf.components.menu.MaterialMenuUI;
import mdlaf.utils.MaterialManagerListener;

import javax.swing.*;
import javax.swing.plaf.ComponentUI;
import javax.swing.plaf.basic.BasicMenuUI;
import java.awt.*;

/**
 * @author https://github.com/vincenzopalazzo
 */
public class MenuTestUI extends BasicMenuUI {
    public static ComponentUI createUI (JComponent c) {
        return new MaterialMenuUI();
    }

    @Override
    public void installUI (JComponent c) {
        super.installUI (c);

        JMenu menu = (JMenu) c;
        menu.setFont (UIManager.getFont ("Menu.font"));
        menu.setBorder (UIManager.getBorder ("Menu.border"));
        menu.setBackground (UIManager.getColor ("Menu.background"));
        menu.setForeground (UIManager.getColor ("Menu.foreground"));
        menu.setOpaque (UIManager.getBoolean ("Menu.opaque"));
        c.setCursor(Cursor.getPredefinedCursor(Cursor.HAND_CURSOR));


    }

    @Override
    public void uninstallUI(JComponent c) {

        menuItem.setFont (null);
        menuItem.setBackground (null);
        menuItem.setForeground (null);
        menuItem.setBorder (null);
        menuItem.setCursor(null);

        MaterialManagerListener.removeAllMaterialMouseListener(menuItem);

        super.uninstallUI(menuItem);
    }
}

按钮UI


import javax.swing.*;
import javax.swing.plaf.ComponentUI;
import javax.swing.plaf.basic.BasicButtonUI;
import java.awt.*;

/**
 * @author https://github.com/vincenzopalazzo
 */
public class JButtonUI extends BasicButtonUI {

    public static final String UI_KEY = "ButtonUI";

    public static ComponentUI createUI(final JComponent c) {
        return new JButtonUI();
    }

    private AbstractButton button;
    private Color foreground;
    private Color background;
    private Color disabledBackground;
    private Color disabledForeground;
    private Color defaultBackground;
    private Color defaultForeground;
    private Boolean isDefaultButton = null;

    @Override
    public void installUI(JComponent c) {
        super.installUI(c);

        AbstractButton button = (AbstractButton) c;
        button.setOpaque(UIManager.getBoolean("Button.opaque"));
        button.setBorder(UIManager.getBorder("Button.border"));
        foreground = UIManager.getColor("Button.foreground");
        background = UIManager.getColor("Button.background");
        disabledBackground = UIManager.getColor("Button.disabledBackground");
        disabledForeground = UIManager.getColor("Button.disabledForeground");
        defaultBackground = UIManager.getColor("Button[Default].background");
        defaultForeground = UIManager.getColor("Button[Default].foreground");
        button.setBackground(background);
        button.setForeground(foreground);
        button.setCursor(Cursor.getPredefinedCursor(Cursor.HAND_CURSOR));
        button.setFocusable(UIManager.getBoolean("Button.focusable"));

        this.button = button;
    }

    @Override
    public void uninstallUI(JComponent c) {
        super.uninstallUI(c);

        AbstractButton button = (AbstractButton) c;
        button.setBorder(null);
        foreground = null;
        background = null;
        disabledBackground = null;
        disabledForeground = null;
        defaultBackground = null;
        defaultForeground = null;
        button.setBackground(null);
        button.setForeground(null);
        button.setCursor(null);

    }

    @Override
    public void paint(Graphics g, JComponent c) {
        JButton b = (JButton) c;
        if (b.isContentAreaFilled()) {
            paintBackground(g, b);
        }
        if (isDefaultButton == null && b.isEnabled()) {
            isDefaultButton = ((JButton) button).isDefaultButton();
            if (isDefaultButton) {
                paintStateButton(c, g);
            }
        }
        super.paint(g, c);
    }

    private void paintBackground(Graphics g, JComponent c) {
        Graphics2D graphics = (Graphics2D) g.create();
        g.setColor(c.getBackground());
        JButton b = (JButton) c;
        if (!UIManager.getBoolean("Button[border].toAll") && (button.getIcon() != null)) {
            g.fillRoundRect(0, 0, c.getWidth(), c.getHeight(), 7, 7);
        } else {
            g.fillRoundRect(0, 0, c.getWidth(), c.getHeight(), 7, 7);
            if (isDefaultButton != null && isDefaultButton) {
                g.setColor(UIManager.getColor("Button[Default].background"));
                if(UIManager.getBoolean("Button[Default].shadowEnable")){
                    paintShadow(g, button);
                }
                return;
            }

            if(UIManager.getBoolean("Button[border].enable")){
                paintBorderButton(graphics, b);
            }
        }

        paintStateButton(c, g);

    }

    @Override
    protected void paintFocus(Graphics g, AbstractButton b, Rectangle viewRect, Rectangle textRect, Rectangle iconRect) {
        // driveLine(g, (JButton) b);
        paintFocusRing(g, (JButton) b);
        //paintShadow(MaterialDrawingUtils.getAliasedGraphics(g), button);
    }

    @Override
    public void update(Graphics g, JComponent c) {
        super.update(g, c);
        //c.setCursor(Cursor.getPredefinedCursor(Cursor.HAND_CURSOR));
    }

    @Override
    protected void paintButtonPressed(Graphics g, AbstractButton b) {
        g.fillRoundRect(0, 0, b.getWidth(), b.getHeight(), 7, 7);
    }

    protected void paintFocusRing(Graphics g, JButton b) {
        Stroke dashed = new BasicStroke(1, BasicStroke.CAP_SQUARE, BasicStroke.JOIN_MITER, 10.0f, new float[]{0f, 3f}, 10.0f);
        //Stroke dashed = new BasicStroke(3, BasicStroke.CAP_BUTT, BasicStroke.JOIN_BEVEL, 0, new float[]{9}, 0);
        Graphics2D g2 = (Graphics2D) g.create();
        g2.setStroke(dashed);
        if (isDefaultButton) {
            g2.setColor(UIManager.getColor("Button[Default][focus].color"));
        } else {
            g2.setColor(UIManager.getColor("Button[focus].color"));
        }

        g2.drawRoundRect(5, 5, b.getWidth() - 10, b.getHeight() - 10, 7, 7);

        g2.dispose();
    }

    protected void paintShadow(Graphics g, JComponent c) {
        int topOpacity = 80;
        int pixels = UIManager.getInt("Button[Default].shadowPixel");
        JButton b = (JButton) c;
        int valueRed = 255;
        int valueGreen = 255;
        int valueBlue = 255;
        for (int i = pixels; i >= 0; i--) {
            if(valueBlue > 70){
                valueRed -= 70;
                valueGreen -= 70;
                valueBlue -= 70;
            }else{
                valueBlue -= valueBlue;
                valueGreen -= valueGreen;
                valueRed -= valueRed;
            }

            Color result = new Color(valueRed, valueGreen, valueBlue, topOpacity);
            g.setColor(result);
            g.drawRoundRect(i, i, b.getWidth() - ((i * 2) + 1), b.getHeight() - ((i * 2) + 1), 7, 7);
        }

    }

    protected void paintBorderButton(Graphics2D graphics, JButton b) {
        graphics.setStroke(new BasicStroke(2f));

        graphics.setRenderingHint(RenderingHints.KEY_ANTIALIASING, RenderingHints.VALUE_ANTIALIAS_ON);
        int w = b.getWidth() - 1;
        int h = b.getHeight() - 1;
        int arc = 7;

        graphics.setColor(UIManager.getColor("Button[border].color"));
        graphics.drawRoundRect(0, 0, w, h, arc, arc);
    }

    protected void paintStateButton(JComponent component, Graphics graphics) {
        if (component == null || graphics == null) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Input null");
        }
        JButton b = (JButton) component;
        if (b.isEnabled() && (isDefaultButton != null && isDefaultButton) && !b.isSelected()) {
            //MaterialManagerListener.removeAllMaterialMouseListener(b);
            //b.addMouseListener(MaterialUIMovement.getMovement(b, MaterialColors.LIGHT_BLUE_100));
            b.setBackground(defaultBackground);
            b.setForeground(defaultForeground);
            return;
        }
        if (!b.isEnabled()) {
            b.setBackground(disabledBackground);
            b.setForeground(disabledForeground);
            return;
        }
    }

}

但是即使我复制了我的代码，这段代码也没有重现问题；错误的演示是 here

我想问问你是不是上述那个问题，特别是如果我用错了 UIDefault

Answer 1

这可能是您使用 L&F 的问题。您放入 UIManager 中的所有资源（原语除外）都必须是 javax.swing.plaf.UIResource 接口的实例。 Swing 提供了一些预定义的类，例如 ColorUIResource、BorderUIResource、IconUIResource 等，您可以在代码中使用它们。

为什么需要它？这个界面告诉下一个 Look-n-Feel 这个设置可以在它应用它的设置时改变。

代码示例：

table.put("OptionPane.warningDialog.titlePane.shadow", new ColorUIResource(MaterialColors.COSMO_STRONG_GRAY));
table.put("FormattedTextField.border", new BorderUIResource(BorderFactory.createEmptyBorder(3, 5, 2, 5)));
table.put("List.font", new FontUIResource(MaterialFontFactory.getInstance().getFont(MaterialFontFactory.MEDIUM)));

如果您的工厂以 UIResource 实例的形式提供资源，可能会更好。

重要
当我的建议不能帮助您解决问题时，请提供一个Minimal, Reproducible Example，以便我们更好地了解问题所在，也可以调试您的代码以提供适合您的情况的解决方案。

如何使用 UIDefault 为 swing 创建新的外观

How use UIDefault for create new look and feel for swing

java

swing

look-and-feel