如何使用 GTK、python 和 glade 制作一个 window 程序？

Question

我想编写一个程序，它有一个主 window，如果我点击一个按钮，它会更改 window（或类似的东西）的内容，用户可以去之后回到 "home page"。我在 Ubuntu 19.04.

上使用 python3、gtk3 和 glade

这是 example.glade XML 文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!-- Generated with glade 3.22.1 -->
<interface>
  <requires lib="gtk+" version="3.20"/>
  <object class="GtkApplicationWindow" id="main">
    <property name="can_focus">False</property>
    <child>
      <placeholder/>
    </child>
    <child>
      <object class="GtkButton" id="button">
        <property name="label" translatable="yes">button</property>
        <property name="visible">True</property>
        <property name="can_focus">True</property>
        <property name="receives_default">True</property>
      </object>
    </child>
  </object>
</interface>

这是 Python3 文件

#!/usr/bin/env python3
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

import gi
import os
os.chdir('/home/sources')
gi.require_version('Gtk', '3.0')
from gi.repository import Gtk

class app:

  def __init__(self):
    self.gladefile = 'example.glade'
    self.builder = Gtk.Builder()
    self.builder.add_from_file(self.gladefile)
    self.builder.connect_signals(self)
    self.window = self.builder.get_object('main')
    elf.window = self.builder.get_object('button')
    self.window.show()

if __name__ == '__main__':
  main = app()
  Gtk.main()

我想在按下按钮时将 window（但在同一个 window 中）更改为此

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!-- Generated with glade 3.22.1 -->
<interface>
  <requires lib="gtk+" version="3.20"/>
  <object class="GtkApplicationWindow" id="main">
    <property name="can_focus">False</property>
    <child>
      <placeholder/>
    </child>
    <child>
      <object class="GtkNotebook" id="notebook">
        <property name="visible">True</property>
        <property name="can_focus">True</property>
        <child>
          <object class="GtkButton" id="but1">
            <property name="label" translatable="yes">button</property>
            <property name="visible">True</property>
            <property name="can_focus">True</property>
            <property name="receives_default">True</property>
          </object>
        </child>
        <child type="tab">
          <object class="GtkLabel">
            <property name="visible">True</property>
            <property name="can_focus">False</property>
            <property name="label" translatable="yes">page 1</property>
          </object>
          <packing>
            <property name="tab_fill">False</property>
          </packing>
        </child>
        <child>
          <object class="GtkButton" id="but2">
            <property name="label" translatable="yes">button</property>
            <property name="visible">True</property>
            <property name="can_focus">True</property>
            <property name="receives_default">True</property>
          </object>
          <packing>
            <property name="position">1</property>
          </packing>
        </child>
        <child type="tab">
          <object class="GtkLabel">
            <property name="visible">True</property>
            <property name="can_focus">False</property>
            <property name="label" translatable="yes">page 2</property>
          </object>
          <packing>
            <property name="position">1</property>
            <property name="tab_fill">False</property>
          </packing>
        </child>
        <child>
          <object class="GtkButton" id="but3">
            <property name="label" translatable="yes">button</property>
            <property name="visible">True</property>
            <property name="can_focus">True</property>
            <property name="receives_default">True</property>
          </object>
          <packing>
            <property name="position">2</property>
          </packing>
        </child>
        <child type="tab">
          <object class="GtkLabel">
            <property name="visible">True</property>
            <property name="can_focus">False</property>
            <property name="label" translatable="yes">page 3</property>
          </object>
          <packing>
            <property name="position">2</property>
            <property name="tab_fill">False</property>
          </packing>
        </child>
      </object>
    </child>
  </object>
</interface>

Answer 1

这是一个可能的解决方案，使用 Gtk.Stack

空地文件：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!-- Generated with glade 3.22.1 -->
<interface>
  <requires lib="gtk+" version="3.20"/>
  <object class="GtkImage" id="image1">
    <property name="visible">True</property>
    <property name="can_focus">False</property>
    <property name="stock">gtk-go-back</property>
  </object>
  <object class="GtkWindow" id="window">
    <property name="visible">True</property>
    <property name="can_focus">False</property>
    <property name="title" translatable="yes">window</property>
    <property name="window_position">center</property>
    <property name="default_width">500</property>
    <property name="default_height">400</property>
    <signal name="destroy" handler="on_window_destroy" swapped="no"/>
    <child>
      <placeholder/>
    </child>
    <child>
      <object class="GtkStack" id="stack">
        <property name="visible">True</property>
        <property name="can_focus">False</property>
        <child>
          <object class="GtkButton" id="home_button">
            <property name="label" translatable="yes">Notebook page</property>
            <property name="visible">True</property>
            <property name="can_focus">True</property>
            <property name="receives_default">True</property>
            <signal name="clicked" handler="button_clicked" swapped="no"/>
          </object>
          <packing>
            <property name="name">page0</property>
            <property name="title" translatable="yes">page0</property>
          </packing>
        </child>
        <child>
          <object class="GtkBox" id="notebook_box">
            <property name="visible">True</property>
            <property name="can_focus">False</property>
            <property name="orientation">vertical</property>
            <child>
              <object class="GtkButton">
                <property name="label" translatable="yes">Home</property>
                <property name="visible">True</property>
                <property name="can_focus">True</property>
                <property name="receives_default">True</property>
                <property name="image">image1</property>
                <property name="always_show_image">True</property>
                <signal name="clicked" handler="home_clicked" swapped="no"/>
              </object>
              <packing>
                <property name="expand">False</property>
                <property name="fill">True</property>
                <property name="position">0</property>
              </packing>
            </child>
            <child>
              <object class="GtkNotebook" id="notebook">
                <property name="visible">True</property>
                <property name="can_focus">True</property>
                <child>
                  <object class="GtkButton" id="but1">
                    <property name="label" translatable="yes">button</property>
                    <property name="visible">True</property>
                    <property name="can_focus">True</property>
                    <property name="receives_default">True</property>
                  </object>
                </child>
                <child type="tab">
                  <object class="GtkLabel">
                    <property name="visible">True</property>
                    <property name="can_focus">False</property>
                    <property name="label" translatable="yes">page 1</property>
                  </object>
                  <packing>
                    <property name="tab_fill">False</property>
                  </packing>
                </child>
                <child>
                  <object class="GtkButton" id="but2">
                    <property name="label" translatable="yes">button</property>
                    <property name="visible">True</property>
                    <property name="can_focus">True</property>
                    <property name="receives_default">True</property>
                  </object>
                  <packing>
                    <property name="position">1</property>
                  </packing>
                </child>
                <child type="tab">
                  <object class="GtkLabel">
                    <property name="visible">True</property>
                    <property name="can_focus">False</property>
                    <property name="label" translatable="yes">page 2</property>
                  </object>
                  <packing>
                    <property name="position">1</property>
                    <property name="tab_fill">False</property>
                  </packing>
                </child>
                <child>
                  <object class="GtkButton" id="but3">
                    <property name="label" translatable="yes">button</property>
                    <property name="visible">True</property>
                    <property name="can_focus">True</property>
                    <property name="receives_default">True</property>
                  </object>
                  <packing>
                    <property name="position">2</property>
                  </packing>
                </child>
                <child type="tab">
                  <object class="GtkLabel">
                    <property name="visible">True</property>
                    <property name="can_focus">False</property>
                    <property name="label" translatable="yes">page 3</property>
                  </object>
                  <packing>
                    <property name="position">2</property>
                    <property name="tab_fill">False</property>
                  </packing>
                </child>
              </object>
              <packing>
                <property name="expand">True</property>
                <property name="fill">True</property>
                <property name="position">1</property>
              </packing>
            </child>
          </object>
          <packing>
            <property name="name">page1</property>
            <property name="title" translatable="yes">page1</property>
            <property name="position">1</property>
          </packing>
        </child>
      </object>
    </child>
  </object>
</interface>

python 文件：

#!/usr/bin/env python

import gi
gi.require_version('Gtk', '3.0')
from gi.repository import Gtk


UI_FILE = "file.glade"

class GUI:
    def __init__(self):

        self.builder = Gtk.Builder()
        self.builder.add_from_file(UI_FILE)
        self.builder.connect_signals(self)

        window = self.builder.get_object('window')
        window.show_all()

    def on_window_destroy(self, window):
        Gtk.main_quit()

    def home_clicked (self, button):
        stack = self.builder.get_object('stack')
        home_button = self.builder.get_object('home_button')
        stack.set_visible_child(home_button)

    def button_clicked (self, button):
        stack = self.builder.get_object('stack')
        notebook_box = self.builder.get_object('notebook_box')
        stack.set_visible_child(notebook_box)

app = GUI()
Gtk.main()

如何使用 GTK、python 和 glade 制作一个 window 程序？

How to make a one-window program with GTK, python and glade?

linux

python-3.x

gtk3