FileWriter 内存不足

Question

我想格式化一个大 Map（1.785.530 个条目）的内容并将其写入文本文件。在处理了大约 85% 的条目后，它变得非常慢，然后我得到一个 OutOfMemoryException.

同样的错误发生，即使我：

在我的 FileWriter

flush()

close()

使用BufferedWriter
在写入文件之前将每一行写入 StringBuffer

这是我的代码：

private static final TreeMap<Date, Integer> accessesPerSecondMap = new    
    TreeMap<>();

...

private static void writeOutputFile() throws IOException {
    FileWriter writer = new FileWriter(FILENAME_OUTPUT);

    writer.write("Date");
    writer.write(',');
    writer.write("Request Count");
    writer.write('\n');

    for (Date date : accessesPerSecondMap.keySet()) {

        // first and last date are not precise so do not write it in the
        // file
        if (date == accessesPerSecondMap.firstKey()
                || date == accessesPerSecondMap.lastKey()) {
            continue;
        }

        writer.write(String.valueOf(date));
        System.out.println("FileMerger wrote: " + String.valueOf(date));
        writer.write(',');
        writer.write(String.valueOf(accessesPerSecondMap.get(date)));
        writer.write('\n');

    }

    writer.flush();
    writer.close();
}

下面是抛出的异常：

Exception in thread "main" java.lang.OutOfMemoryError: Java heap space
    at sun.util.resources.TimeZoneNames.getContents(Unknown Source)
    at sun.util.resources.OpenListResourceBundle.loadLookup(Unknown Source)
    at sun.util.resources.OpenListResourceBundle.loadLookupTablesIfNecessary(Unknown Source)
    at sun.util.resources.OpenListResourceBundle.handleKeySet(Unknown Source)
    at java.util.ResourceBundle.containsKey(Unknown Source)
    at sun.util.locale.provider.LocaleResources.getTimeZoneNames(Unknown Source)
    at sun.util.locale.provider.TimeZoneNameProviderImpl.getDisplayNameArray(Unknown Source)
    at sun.util.locale.provider.TimeZoneNameProviderImpl.getDisplayName(Unknown Source)
    at sun.util.locale.provider.TimeZoneNameUtility$TimeZoneNameGetter.getName(Unknown Source)
    at sun.util.locale.provider.TimeZoneNameUtility$TimeZoneNameGetter.getObject(Unknown Source)
    at sun.util.locale.provider.TimeZoneNameUtility$TimeZoneNameGetter.getObject(Unknown Source)
    at sun.util.locale.provider.LocaleServiceProviderPool.getLocalizedObjectImpl(Unknown Source)
    at sun.util.locale.provider.LocaleServiceProviderPool.getLocalizedObject(Unknown Source)
    at sun.util.locale.provider.TimeZoneNameUtility.retrieveDisplayName(Unknown Source)
    at java.util.TimeZone.getDisplayName(Unknown Source)
    at java.util.Date.toString(Unknown Source)
    at java.lang.String.valueOf(Unknown Source)
    at FileMerger.writeOutputFile(FileMerger.java:95)
    at FileMerger.main(FileMerger.java:26)

增加堆 space 对我有用，但在我看来并不是一个真正令人满意的解决方案。几天后，我将不得不编写两倍大的文件；希望 space 对他们来说也足够了。

我运行 Java 1.8.0_45 Windows。上面的代码是真正的代码，也是唯一的代码运行。出于测试目的，我使用以下代码填充 TreeMap:

int accesses = 43267;

for (int i = 0; i < 1785530; i++) {
    Date date = new Date(i);
    accessesPerSecondMap.put(date, accesses);
}

我已将以下内容添加到 for 循环以跟踪内存使用情况：

...
    int count = 100000;
    for (Date date : accessesPerSecondMap.keySet()) {

        if (count == 100000) {
            count = 0;
            printOutMemoryUsage();
        }
        count++;
...

private void printOutMemoryUsage() {
    Runtime runtime = Runtime.getRuntime();

    NumberFormat format = NumberFormat.getInstance();

    StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
    long maxMemory = runtime.maxMemory();
    long allocatedMemory = runtime.totalMemory();
    long freeMemory = runtime.freeMemory();

    sb.append("free memory: " + format.format(freeMemory / 1024) + " ");
    sb.append("allocated memory: " + format.format(allocatedMemory / 1024)
            + " ");
    sb.append("max memory: " + format.format(maxMemory / 1024) + " ");
    sb.append("total free memory: "
            + format.format((freeMemory + (maxMemory - allocatedMemory)) / 1024)
            + "<br/>");
    System.out.println(sb);
}

当我不增加堆时得到这个输出 space:

free memory: 28.868 allocated memory: 156.792 max memory: 253.440 total free memory: 125.516
free memory: 89.847 allocated memory: 253.440 max memory: 253.440 total free memory: 89.847
free memory: 87.796 allocated memory: 253.440 max memory: 253.440 total free memory: 87.796
free memory: 89.758 allocated memory: 253.440 max memory: 253.440 total free memory: 89.758
free memory: 32.478 allocated memory: 253.440 max memory: 253.440 total free memory: 32.478
free memory: 35.182 allocated memory: 253.440 max memory: 253.440 total free memory: 35.182
free memory: 37.269 allocated memory: 253.440 max memory: 253.440 total free memory: 37.269
free memory: 45.165 allocated memory: 253.440 max memory: 253.440 total free memory: 45.165
free memory: 42.943 allocated memory: 253.440 max memory: 253.440 total free memory: 42.943
free memory: 32.055 allocated memory: 253.440 max memory: 253.440 total free memory: 32.055
free memory: 13.053 allocated memory: 253.440 max memory: 253.440 total free memory: 13.053
free memory: 14.281 allocated memory: 253.440 max memory: 253.440 total free memory: 14.281
free memory: 12.797 allocated memory: 253.440 max memory: 253.440 total free memory: 12.797
free memory: 1.973 allocated memory: 253.440 max memory: 253.440 total free memory: 1.973
Exception in thread "main" java.lang.OutOfMemoryError: Java heap space

随着堆的增加space -Xms512m -Xmx1230m 我得到：

free memory: 372.630 allocated memory: 506.816 max memory: 1.217.536 total free memory: 1.083.350
free memory: 329.031 allocated memory: 506.816 max memory: 1.217.536 total free memory: 1.039.751
free memory: 273.121 allocated memory: 506.816 max memory: 1.217.536 total free memory: 983.841
free memory: 333.700 allocated memory: 506.816 max memory: 1.217.536 total free memory: 1.044.420
free memory: 276.392 allocated memory: 506.816 max memory: 1.217.536 total free memory: 987.112
free memory: 220.482 allocated memory: 506.816 max memory: 1.217.536 total free memory: 931.202
free memory: 279.896 allocated memory: 506.816 max memory: 1.217.536 total free memory: 990.616
free memory: 223.986 allocated memory: 506.816 max memory: 1.217.536 total free memory: 934.706
free memory: 284.565 allocated memory: 506.816 max memory: 1.217.536 total free memory: 995.285
free memory: 228.654 allocated memory: 506.816 max memory: 1.217.536 total free memory: 939.374
free memory: 169.949 allocated memory: 506.816 max memory: 1.217.536 total free memory: 880.669
free memory: 230.528 allocated memory: 506.816 max memory: 1.217.536 total free memory: 941.248
free memory: 174.618 allocated memory: 506.816 max memory: 1.217.536 total free memory: 885.338
free memory: 235.197 allocated memory: 506.816 max memory: 1.217.536 total free memory: 945.917
free memory: 179.287 allocated memory: 506.816 max memory: 1.217.536 total free memory: 890.007
free memory: 123.376 allocated memory: 506.816 max memory: 1.217.536 total free memory: 834.096
free memory: 183.956 allocated memory: 506.816 max memory: 1.217.536 total free memory: 894.676
free memory: 128.046 allocated memory: 506.816 max memory: 1.217.536 total free memory: 838.766
FileMerger main method finished

Answer 1

在eclipse...工具栏上点击Run->Run Configuration找到你已经运行ning的class的名字，select它，点击Arguments tab 然后添加：

-Xms512M -Xmx1524M // This may be XS512M or Xx1524M.

到参数部分。正如@AliGajani 在评论中提到的那样，这将使您的大文件运行更顺利地使用更大的堆 space。

Answer 2

尝试写入例如前 10000 条记录。关闭writer，然后重新创建并尝试追加另外10000条记录等等。
尝试使用 StringBuilder 在每次循环迭代中构建一个字符串，并在循环迭代中调用一次 write()。

Answer 3

一般有两种方法可以消除这个错误

java.lang.OutOfMemoryError: Java heap space

允许 JVM 使用更多内存

使用 -Xmx JVM 参数，您可以设置堆大小。在命令行中使用 java -Xms -Xmx。

使用Eclipse Memory Analyzer Eclipse 内存分析器是 eclipse 基金会的一个工具，用于分析 java 堆转储。它有助于发现类加载器泄漏和内存泄漏，并有助于最小化内存consumption.you 可以使用 MAT 分析携带数百万对象的堆转储，它还可以帮助您提取内存泄漏的嫌疑。

Answer 4

尝试将 writer.flush(); 放入 for 循环中。通过这样做，我相信您的缓冲区将是免费的，而不是变得沉重。

Answer 5

当你将数据写入文件时，writer会持有数据的引用，所以GC无法回收内存。所以你应该 writer.reset() 释放

FileWriter 内存不足

FileWriter out of memory

java

out-of-memory

filewriter