将复杂结构传递给 Windows API

Question

我正在尝试使用 Windows API 中的 GetConsoleScreenBufferInfo(HANDLE, PCONSOLE_SCREEN_BUFFER_INFO) 函数，使用 Perl 6 和（当然）NativeCall。

我想我已经正确设置了函数所需的 CONSOLE_SCREEN_BUFFER_INFO 结构，但是当我尝试转储其内容时代码在调用后崩溃。

这是证明问题的最短（不完全但接近）的方法：

use NativeCall;

constant \HANDLE            := Pointer[void];
constant \SHORT             := int16;
constant \USHORT            := uint16;
constant \WORD              := uint16;
constant \DWORD             := uint32;
constant \BOOL              := int32;
constant \STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE := -11;
constant \STD_INPUT_HANDLE  := -10;

class COORD is repr('CStruct')            {
  has SHORT $.X;
  has SHORT $.Y;
}

class SMALL_RECT is repr("CStruct")            {
  has SHORT $.Left;
  has SHORT $.Top;
  has SHORT $.Right;
  has SHORT $.Bottom;
};

class CONSOLE_SCREEN_BUFFER_INFO is repr("CStruct")            {
  has COORD $.dwSize;
  has COORD $.dwCursorPosition;
  has WORD $.wAttributes;
  has SMALL_RECT $.srWindow;
  has COORD $.dwMaximumWindowSize;

  submethod TWEAK {
    $!dwSize := COORD.new;
    $!dwCursorPosition := COORD.new;
    $!srWindow := SMALL_RECT.new;
    $!dwMaximumWindowSize := COORD.new;
  }
}

# C: BOOL WINAPI GetConsoleScreenBufferInfo(_In_  HANDLE hConsoleOutput, _Out_ PCONSOLE_SCREEN_BUFFER_INFO lpConsoleScreenBufferInfo);
sub GetConsoleScreenBufferInfo(HANDLE, CONSOLE_SCREEN_BUFFER_INFO is rw) is native("Kernel32.dll") returns BOOL { * };
sub GetStdHandle(DWORD) is native('Kernel32') returns Pointer[void]  { * };

my CONSOLE_SCREEN_BUFFER_INFO
  $info = CONSOLE_SCREEN_BUFFER_INFO.new;

my HANDLE
  $handle-o = GetStdHandle( STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE );

dd $info;
say "GetConsoleScreenBufferInfo ", GetConsoleScreenBufferInfo( $handle-o, $info );
say "Will I live?";
dd $info; #crashes without notice

非常欢迎任何关于崩溃原因和修复方法的提示。

Answer 1

对于作为结构的 CONSOLE_SCREEN_BUFFER_INFO 成员，您需要使用 HAS 而不是 has，因为它们是嵌入的而不是通过指针引用（这是 Perl6 的默认值）。

完成后，您也可以删除 TWEAK，这样代码将显示为

class CONSOLE_SCREEN_BUFFER_INFO is repr("CStruct") {
  HAS COORD $.dwSize;
  HAS COORD $.dwCursorPosition;
  has WORD $.wAttributes;
  HAS SMALL_RECT $.srWindow;
  HAS COORD $.dwMaximumWindowSize;
}

将复杂结构传递给 Windows API

Pass a complex struct to the Windows API

winapi

kernel32

nativecall

raku