无法修复错误 "Could not load System.Net.Http, Version=4.2.0.0"
Unable to fix error "Could not load System.Net.Http, Version=4.2.0.0"
在我的生产服务器上出现错误：
Could not load file or assembly 'System.Net.Http, Version=4.2.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b03f5f7f11d50a3a' or one of its dependencies. The system cannot find the file specified.
在我的本地机器上它工作正常，但在服务器上它抛出上述错误，所以一定是某处丢失了文件。请参阅更新 3，其中我尝试添加丢失的 dll，然后抛出不同的错误。
我遵循了这些 link 中的说明：
- https://github.com/Azure/diagnostics-eventflow/issues/155
- https://github.com/dotnet/standard/issues/891
正如上一个 link 中所述，我在相同的情况下还不想迁移 (https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/nuget/consume-packages/migrate-packages-config-to-package-reference)，因为我不想 运行 不兼容，我首先要解决当前的问题。
我已经查找了 System.Net.Http（以及其他一些）的所有引用并手动更改了版本号，这是我的 .vbproj 文件中的旧代码块：
<Reference Include="System.Net.Http, Version=4.1.1.3, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b03f5f7f11d50a3a, processorArchitecture=MSIL">
<HintPath>packages\System.Net.Http.4.3.4\lib\net46\System.Net.Http.dll</HintPath>
<Private>True</Private>
<Private>True</Private>
</Reference>
<Reference Include="System.Runtime, Version=4.1.1.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b03f5f7f11d50a3a, processorArchitecture=MSIL">
<HintPath>packages\System.Runtime.4.3.0\lib\net462\System.Runtime.dll</HintPath>
<Private>True</Private>
<Private>True</Private>
</Reference>
<Reference Include="System.Runtime.Serialization" />
<Reference Include="System.Security.Cryptography.Algorithms, Version=4.2.1.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b03f5f7f11d50a3a, processorArchitecture=MSIL">
<HintPath>packages\System.Security.Cryptography.Algorithms.4.3.0\lib\net463\System.Security.Cryptography.Algorithms.dll</HintPath>
<Private>True</Private>
<Private>True</Private>
</Reference>
<Reference Include="System.Security.Cryptography.Encoding, Version=4.0.1.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b03f5f7f11d50a3a, processorArchitecture=MSIL">
<HintPath>packages\System.Security.Cryptography.Encoding.4.3.0\lib\net46\System.Security.Cryptography.Encoding.dll</HintPath>
<Private>True</Private>
<Private>True</Private>
</Reference>
<Reference Include="System.Security.Cryptography.Primitives, Version=4.0.1.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b03f5f7f11d50a3a, processorArchitecture=MSIL">
<HintPath>packages\System.Security.Cryptography.Primitives.4.3.0\lib\net46\System.Security.Cryptography.Primitives.dll</HintPath>
<Private>True</Private>
<Private>True</Private>
</Reference>
<Reference Include="System.Security.Cryptography.X509Certificates, Version=4.1.1.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b03f5f7f11d50a3a, processorArchitecture=MSIL">
<HintPath>packages\System.Security.Cryptography.X509Certificates.4.3.0\lib\net461\System.Security.Cryptography.X509Certificates.dll</HintPath>
<Private>True</Private>
<Private>True</Private>
</Reference>
这是我最新的 .vbproj 文件：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<Project ToolsVersion="15.0" DefaultTargets="Build" xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/developer/msbuild/2003">
<Import Project="packages\Microsoft.CodeDom.Providers.DotNetCompilerPlatform.2.0.0\build\net46\Microsoft.CodeDom.Providers.DotNetCompilerPlatform.props" Condition="Exists('packages\Microsoft.CodeDom.Providers.DotNetCompilerPlatform.2.0.0\build\net46\Microsoft.CodeDom.Providers.DotNetCompilerPlatform.props')" />
<Import Project="$(MSBuildExtensionsPath)$(MSBuildToolsVersion)\Microsoft.Common.props" Condition="Exists('$(MSBuildExtensionsPath)$(MSBuildToolsVersion)\Microsoft.Common.props')" />
<PropertyGroup>
<Configuration Condition=" '$(Configuration)' == '' ">Debug</Configuration>
<Platform Condition=" '$(Platform)' == '' ">AnyCPU</Platform>
<ProductVersion>
</ProductVersion>
<SchemaVersion>2.0</SchemaVersion>
<ProjectGuid>{6455BF17-B42E-4854-96B1-D4D0E7767B0C}</ProjectGuid>
<ProjectTypeGuids>{349c5851-65df-11da-9384-00065b846f21};{F184B08F-C81C-45F6-A57F-5ABD9991F28F}</ProjectTypeGuids>
<OutputType>Library</OutputType>
<RootNamespace>MyProject</RootNamespace>
<AssemblyName>MyProject</AssemblyName>
<TargetFrameworkVersion>v4.7.2</TargetFrameworkVersion>
<OptionExplicit>On</OptionExplicit>
<OptionCompare>Binary</OptionCompare>
<OptionStrict>Off</OptionStrict>
<OptionInfer>On</OptionInfer>
<MvcBuildViews>false</MvcBuildViews>
<UseIISExpress>true</UseIISExpress>
<Use64BitIISExpress />
<IISExpressSSLPort>44316</IISExpressSSLPort>
<IISExpressAnonymousAuthentication />
<IISExpressWindowsAuthentication />
<IISExpressUseClassicPipelineMode />
<UseGlobalApplicationHostFile />
<NuGetPackageImportStamp>
</NuGetPackageImportStamp>
</PropertyGroup>
<PropertyGroup Condition=" '$(Configuration)|$(Platform)' == 'Debug|AnyCPU' ">
<DebugSymbols>true</DebugSymbols>
<DebugType>full</DebugType>
<DefineDebug>true</DefineDebug>
<DefineTrace>true</DefineTrace>
<OutputPath>bin\</OutputPath>
<DocumentationFile>MyProject.xml</DocumentationFile>
<NoWarn>42016,41999,42017,42018,42019,42032,42036,42020,42021,42022</NoWarn>
</PropertyGroup>
<PropertyGroup Condition=" '$(Configuration)|$(Platform)' == 'Release|AnyCPU' ">
<DebugSymbols>true</DebugSymbols>
<DebugType>pdbonly</DebugType>
<DefineDebug>false</DefineDebug>
<DefineTrace>true</DefineTrace>
<Optimize>true</Optimize>
<OutputPath>bin\</OutputPath>
<DocumentationFile>MyProject.xml</DocumentationFile>
<NoWarn>42016,41999,42017,42018,42019,42032,42036,42020,42021,42022</NoWarn>
</PropertyGroup>
<ItemGroup>
<Reference Include="AjaxControlToolkit, Version=16.1.1.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=28f01b0e84b6d53e, processorArchitecture=MSIL">
<SpecificVersion>False</SpecificVersion>
<HintPath>bin\AjaxControlToolkit.dll</HintPath>
</Reference>
<Reference Include="aspnetforum, Version=7.2.7.0, Culture=neutral, processorArchitecture=MSIL">
<SpecificVersion>False</SpecificVersion>
<HintPath>bin\aspnetforum.dll</HintPath>
</Reference>
<Reference Include="Hammock, Version=1.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=c148cfba29ed1a4d, processorArchitecture=MSIL">
<SpecificVersion>False</SpecificVersion>
<HintPath>bin\Hammock.dll</HintPath>
</Reference>
<Reference Include="Hammock.ClientProfile, Version=1.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=c148cfba29ed1a4d, processorArchitecture=MSIL">
<SpecificVersion>False</SpecificVersion>
<HintPath>bin\Hammock.ClientProfile.dll</HintPath>
</Reference>
<Reference Include="HtmlAgilityPack, Version=1.7.1.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=bd319b19eaf3b43a, processorArchitecture=MSIL">
<SpecificVersion>False</SpecificVersion>
<HintPath>bin\HtmlAgilityPack.dll</HintPath>
</Reference>
<Reference Include="Microsoft.AspNet.FriendlyUrls, Version=1.0.2.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31bf3856ad364e35, processorArchitecture=MSIL">
<SpecificVersion>False</SpecificVersion>
<HintPath>bin\Microsoft.AspNet.FriendlyUrls.dll</HintPath>
</Reference>
<Reference Include="Mollie, Version=2.0.2.0, Culture=neutral, processorArchitecture=MSIL">
<HintPath>packages\Mollie.Net.2.0.2\lib\netstandard2.0\Mollie.dll</HintPath>
</Reference>
<Reference Include="Mollie.Api, Version=1.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, processorArchitecture=MSIL">
<SpecificVersion>False</SpecificVersion>
<HintPath>bin\Mollie.Api.dll</HintPath>
</Reference>
<Reference Include="MySql.Data, Version=6.6.5.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=c5687fc88969c44d, processorArchitecture=MSIL">
<SpecificVersion>False</SpecificVersion>
<HintPath>bin\MySql.Data.dll</HintPath>
</Reference>
<Reference Include="Newtonsoft.Json, Version=12.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=30ad4fe6b2a6aeed, processorArchitecture=MSIL">
<HintPath>packages\Newtonsoft.Json.12.0.2\lib\net45\Newtonsoft.Json.dll</HintPath>
</Reference>
<Reference Include="PresentationCore" />
<Reference Include="PresentationFramework" />
<Reference Include="skmValidators, Version=1.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, processorArchitecture=MSIL">
<SpecificVersion>False</SpecificVersion>
<HintPath>bin\skmValidators.dll</HintPath>
</Reference>
<Reference Include="System" />
<Reference Include="System.ComponentModel.Composition" />
<Reference Include="System.Data" />
<Reference Include="System.Drawing" />
<Reference Include="System.IO, Version=4.1.1.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b03f5f7f11d50a3a, processorArchitecture=MSIL">
<HintPath>packages\System.IO.4.3.0\lib\net462\System.IO.dll</HintPath>
<Private>True</Private>
<Private>True</Private>
</Reference>
<Reference Include="System.Net.Http, Version=4.3.4, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b03f5f7f11d50a3a, processorArchitecture=MSIL">
<HintPath>packages\System.Net.Http.4.3.4\lib\net46\System.Net.Http.dll</HintPath>
<Private>True</Private>
<Private>True</Private>
</Reference>
<Reference Include="System.Runtime, Version=4.3.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b03f5f7f11d50a3a, processorArchitecture=MSIL">
<HintPath>packages\System.Runtime.4.3.0\lib\net462\System.Runtime.dll</HintPath>
<Private>True</Private>
<Private>True</Private>
</Reference>
<Reference Include="System.Runtime.Serialization" />
<Reference Include="System.Security.Cryptography.Algorithms, Version=4.3.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b03f5f7f11d50a3a, processorArchitecture=MSIL">
<HintPath>packages\System.Security.Cryptography.Algorithms.4.3.0\lib\net463\System.Security.Cryptography.Algorithms.dll</HintPath>
<Private>True</Private>
<Private>True</Private>
</Reference>
<Reference Include="System.Security.Cryptography.Encoding, Version=4.3.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b03f5f7f11d50a3a, processorArchitecture=MSIL">
<HintPath>packages\System.Security.Cryptography.Encoding.4.3.0\lib\net46\System.Security.Cryptography.Encoding.dll</HintPath>
<Private>True</Private>
<Private>True</Private>
</Reference>
<Reference Include="System.Security.Cryptography.Primitives, Version=4.3.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b03f5f7f11d50a3a, processorArchitecture=MSIL">
<HintPath>packages\System.Security.Cryptography.Primitives.4.3.0\lib\net46\System.Security.Cryptography.Primitives.dll</HintPath>
<Private>True</Private>
<Private>True</Private>
</Reference>
<Reference Include="System.Security.Cryptography.X509Certificates, Version=4.3.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b03f5f7f11d50a3a, processorArchitecture=MSIL">
<HintPath>packages\System.Security.Cryptography.X509Certificates.4.3.0\lib\net461\System.Security.Cryptography.X509Certificates.dll</HintPath>
<Private>True</Private>
<Private>True</Private>
</Reference>
<Reference Include="System.Core" />
<Reference Include="System.Web" />
<Reference Include="System.Web.Services" />
<Reference Include="System.EnterpriseServices" />
<Reference Include="System.Net.Http.WebRequest">
</Reference>
<Reference Include="System.Web.Helpers, Version=3.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31bf3856ad364e35, processorArchitecture=MSIL">
<Private>True</Private>
<HintPath>packages\Microsoft.AspNet.WebPages.3.2.7\lib\net45\System.Web.Helpers.dll</HintPath>
</Reference>
<Reference Include="System.Web.Mvc, Version=5.2.7.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31bf3856ad364e35, processorArchitecture=MSIL">
<Private>True</Private>
<HintPath>packages\Microsoft.AspNet.Mvc.5.2.7\lib\net45\System.Web.Mvc.dll</HintPath>
</Reference>
<Reference Include="System.Web.Optimization">
<HintPath>packages\Microsoft.AspNet.Web.Optimization.1.1.3\lib\net40\System.Web.Optimization.dll</HintPath>
</Reference>
<Reference Include="System.Web.Razor, Version=3.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31bf3856ad364e35, processorArchitecture=MSIL">
<Private>True</Private>
<HintPath>packages\Microsoft.AspNet.Razor.3.2.7\lib\net45\System.Web.Razor.dll</HintPath>
</Reference>
<Reference Include="System.Web.WebPages, Version=3.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31bf3856ad364e35, processorArchitecture=MSIL">
<Private>True</Private>
<HintPath>packages\Microsoft.AspNet.WebPages.3.2.7\lib\net45\System.Web.WebPages.dll</HintPath>
</Reference>
<Reference Include="System.Web.WebPages.Deployment, Version=3.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31bf3856ad364e35, processorArchitecture=MSIL">
<Private>True</Private>
<HintPath>packages\Microsoft.AspNet.WebPages.3.2.7\lib\net45\System.Web.WebPages.Deployment.dll</HintPath>
</Reference>
<Reference Include="System.Web.WebPages.Razor, Version=3.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31bf3856ad364e35, processorArchitecture=MSIL">
<Private>True</Private>
<HintPath>packages\Microsoft.AspNet.WebPages.3.2.7\lib\net45\System.Web.WebPages.Razor.dll</HintPath>
</Reference>
<Reference Include="TweetSharp, Version=2.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=c148cfba29ed1a4d, processorArchitecture=MSIL">
<SpecificVersion>False</SpecificVersion>
<HintPath>bin\TweetSharp.dll</HintPath>
</Reference>
<Reference Include="WebGrease">
<Private>True</Private>
<HintPath>packages\WebGrease.1.6.0\lib\WebGrease.dll</HintPath>
</Reference>
<Reference Include="Antlr3.Runtime">
<Private>True</Private>
<HintPath>packages\Antlr.3.5.0.2\lib\Antlr3.Runtime.dll</HintPath>
</Reference>
<Reference Include="WindowsBase" />
</ItemGroup>
<ItemGroup>
<Reference Include="Newtonsoft.Json">
<HintPath>packages\Newtonsoft.Json.11.0.1\lib\net45\Newtonsoft.Json.dll</HintPath>
</Reference>
<Reference Include="System.Net.Http.Formatting">
<HintPath>packages\Microsoft.AspNet.WebApi.Client.5.2.7\lib\net45\System.Net.Http.Formatting.dll</HintPath>
</Reference>
<Reference Include="System.Web.Http">
<HintPath>packages\Microsoft.AspNet.WebApi.Core.5.2.7\lib\net45\System.Web.Http.dll</HintPath>
</Reference>
<Reference Include="System.Web.Http.WebHost">
<HintPath>packages\Microsoft.AspNet.WebApi.WebHost.5.2.7\lib\net45\System.Web.Http.WebHost.dll</HintPath>
</Reference>
<Reference Include="Microsoft.CodeDom.Providers.DotNetCompilerPlatform">
<HintPath>packages\Microsoft.CodeDom.Providers.DotNetCompilerPlatform.2.0.0\lib\net45\Microsoft.CodeDom.Providers.DotNetCompilerPlatform.dll</HintPath>
</Reference>
</ItemGroup>
<ItemGroup>
<Import Include="System" />
<Import Include="System.Collections" />
<Import Include="System.Collections.Generic" />
<Import Include="System.Data" />
<Import Include="System.Linq" />
<Import Include="System.Xml.Linq" />
<Import Include="System.Diagnostics" />
<Import Include="System.Collections.Specialized" />
<Import Include="System.Configuration" />
<Import Include="System.Text" />
<Import Include="System.Text.RegularExpressions" />
<Import Include="System.Web" />
<Import Include="System.Web.Caching" />
<Import Include="System.Web.Mvc" />
<Import Include="System.Web.Mvc.Ajax" />
<Import Include="System.Web.Mvc.Html" />
<Import Include="System.Web.Routing" />
<Import Include="System.Web.SessionState" />
<Import Include="System.Web.Security" />
<Import Include="System.Web.Profile" />
<Import Include="System.Web.UI" />
<Import Include="System.Web.UI.WebControls" />
<Import Include="System.Web.UI.WebControls.WebParts" />
<Import Include="System.Web.UI.HtmlControls" />
</ItemGroup>
<ItemGroup>
<Folder Include="App_Data\" />
<Folder Include="App_WebReferences\" />
<Folder Include="Models\" />
</ItemGroup>
<PropertyGroup>
<VisualStudioVersion Condition="'$(VisualStudioVersion)' == ''">10.0</VisualStudioVersion>
<VSToolsPath Condition="'$(VSToolsPath)' == ''">$(MSBuildExtensionsPath32)\Microsoft\VisualStudio\v$(VisualStudioVersion)</VSToolsPath>
</PropertyGroup>
<Import Project="$(MSBuildBinPath)\Microsoft.VisualBasic.targets" />
<Import Project="$(VSToolsPath)\WebApplications\Microsoft.WebApplication.targets" Condition="'$(VSToolsPath)' != ''" />
<Import Project="$(MSBuildExtensionsPath32)\Microsoft\VisualStudio\v10.0\WebApplications\Microsoft.WebApplication.targets" Condition="false" />
<Target Name="MvcBuildViews" AfterTargets="AfterBuild" Condition="'$(MvcBuildViews)'=='true'">
<AspNetCompiler VirtualPath="temp" PhysicalPath="$(WebProjectOutputDir)" />
</Target>
<Target Name="EnsureNuGetPackageBuildImports" BeforeTargets="PrepareForBuild">
<PropertyGroup>
<ErrorText>This project references NuGet package(s) that are missing on this computer. Use NuGet Package Restore to download them. For more information, see http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkID=322105. The missing file is {0}.</ErrorText>
</PropertyGroup>
<Error Condition="!Exists('packages\Microsoft.CodeDom.Providers.DotNetCompilerPlatform.2.0.0\build\net46\Microsoft.CodeDom.Providers.DotNetCompilerPlatform.props')" Text="$([System.String]::Format('$(ErrorText)', 'packages\Microsoft.CodeDom.Providers.DotNetCompilerPlatform.2.0.0\build\net46\Microsoft.CodeDom.Providers.DotNetCompilerPlatform.props'))" />
</Target>
<!-- To modify your build process, add your task inside one of the targets below and uncomment it.
Other similar extension points exist, see Microsoft.Common.targets.
<Target Name="BeforeBuild">
</Target>
<Target Name="AfterBuild">
</Target> -->
</Project>
我的packages.config
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<packages>
<package id="Antlr" version="3.5.0.2" targetFramework="net472" />
<package id="bootstrap" version="3.4.1" targetFramework="net472" />
<package id="jQuery" version="3.3.1" targetFramework="net472" />
<package id="jQuery.Validation" version="1.17.0" targetFramework="net472" />
<package id="Microsoft.AspNet.Mvc" version="5.2.7" targetFramework="net472" />
<package id="Microsoft.AspNet.Razor" version="3.2.7" targetFramework="net472" />
<package id="Microsoft.AspNet.Web.Optimization" version="1.1.3" targetFramework="net472" />
<package id="Microsoft.AspNet.WebApi" version="5.2.7" targetFramework="net472" />
<package id="Microsoft.AspNet.WebApi.Client" version="5.2.7" targetFramework="net472" />
<package id="Microsoft.AspNet.WebApi.Core" version="5.2.7" targetFramework="net472" />
<package id="Microsoft.AspNet.WebApi.WebHost" version="5.2.7" targetFramework="net472" />
<package id="Microsoft.AspNet.WebPages" version="3.2.7" targetFramework="net472" />
<package id="Microsoft.CodeDom.Providers.DotNetCompilerPlatform" version="2.0.0" targetFramework="net472" />
<package id="Microsoft.jQuery.Unobtrusive.Validation" version="3.2.11" targetFramework="net472" />
<package id="Microsoft.Web.Infrastructure" version="1.0.0.0" targetFramework="net472" />
<package id="Modernizr" version="2.8.3" targetFramework="net472" />
<package id="Mollie.Net" version="2.0.2" targetFramework="net472" />
<package id="Newtonsoft.Json" version="12.0.2" targetFramework="net472" />
<package id="System.IO" version="4.3.0" targetFramework="net472" />
<package id="System.Net.Http" version="4.3.4" targetFramework="net472" />
<package id="System.Runtime" version="4.3.0" targetFramework="net472" />
<package id="System.Security.Cryptography.Algorithms" version="4.3.0" targetFramework="net472" />
<package id="System.Security.Cryptography.Encoding" version="4.3.0" targetFramework="net472" />
<package id="System.Security.Cryptography.Primitives" version="4.3.0" targetFramework="net472" />
<package id="System.Security.Cryptography.X509Certificates" version="4.3.0" targetFramework="net472" />
<package id="WebGrease" version="1.6.0" targetFramework="net472" />
</packages>
我还在 web.config（包含 assemblyBindings）中注释掉了整个 <runtime> 部分。
错误仍然存在，我还能做什么？
更新 1
根据@welotty 的回答，我做了以下操作：
我 运行 fuslogvw 来自 VS2019 开发人员命令提示符，但我只是看到并清空 window（无应用程序）：
我看不到在哪里可以 select 要分析的目录或我的特定应用程序的任何其他设置。
更新 2
根据@welotty 的评论，我得到了 fuslogvw 到 运行。我清除了所有消息，在 Visual Studio 2019 年构建我的应用程序，现在看到这个（没有提到 System.Net.Http）：
我打开了 System.IO 日志，我在日志下面看到了这个，但也没有提到 System.Net.Http)
*** Assembly Binder Log Entry (24-Aug-2019 @ 4:47:53 PM) ***
The operation failed.
Bind result: hr = 0x80070002. The system cannot find the file specified.
Assembly manager loaded from: C:\Windows\Microsoft.NET\Framework\v4.0.30319\clr.dll
Running under executable C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio19\Community\MSBuild\Current\Bin\MSBuild.exe
--- A detailed error log follows.
=== Pre-bind state information ===
LOG: DisplayName = System.IO
(Partial)
WRN: Partial binding information was supplied for an assembly:
WRN: Assembly Name: System.IO | Domain ID: 1
WRN: A partial bind occurs when only part of the assembly display name is provided.
WRN: This might result in the binder loading an incorrect assembly.
WRN: It is recommended to provide a fully specified textual identity for the assembly,
WRN: that consists of the simple name, version, culture, and public key token.
WRN: See whitepaper http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkId=109270 for more information and common solutions to this issue.
LOG: Appbase = file:///C:/Program Files (x86)/Microsoft Visual Studio/2019/Community/MSBuild/Current/Bin/
LOG: Initial PrivatePath = NULL
LOG: Dynamic Base = NULL
LOG: Cache Base = NULL
LOG: AppName = MSBuild.exe
Calling assembly : Microsoft.Build.Tasks.Core, Version=15.1.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b03f5f7f11d50a3a.
===
LOG: This bind starts in default load context.
LOG: Using application configuration file: C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio19\Community\MSBuild\Current\Bin\MSBuild.exe.Config
LOG: Using host configuration file:
LOG: Using machine configuration file from C:\Windows\Microsoft.NET\Framework\v4.0.30319\config\machine.config.
LOG: Policy not being applied to reference at this time (private, custom, partial, or location-based assembly bind).
LOG: Attempting download of new URL file:///C:/Program Files (x86)/Microsoft Visual Studio/2019/Community/MSBuild/Current/Bin/System.IO.DLL.
LOG: Attempting download of new URL file:///C:/Program Files (x86)/Microsoft Visual Studio/2019/Community/MSBuild/Current/Bin/System.IO/System.IO.DLL.
LOG: Attempting download of new URL file:///C:/Program Files (x86)/Microsoft Visual Studio/2019/Community/MSBuild/Current/Bin/System.IO.EXE.
LOG: Attempting download of new URL file:///C:/Program Files (x86)/Microsoft Visual Studio/2019/Community/MSBuild/Current/Bin/System.IO/System.IO.EXE.
LOG: All probing URLs attempted and failed.
*** Assembly Binder Log Entry (24-Aug-2019 @ 4:47:53 PM) ***
The operation failed.
Bind result: hr = 0x80070002. The system cannot find the file specified.
首先：我将如何解决这些问题？日志指出 The system cannot find the file specified 其次：我认为这与我的实际问题无关？
更新 3
我注意到 System.Net.Http.dll 实际上从我的生产服务器上的 bin 文件夹中丢失了。
所以我从我的本地机器上复制了 dll。但是，然后我得到错误：
Cannot load a reference assembly for execution.
我检查了 here，但是对于像将新的 dll 添加到 bin 文件夹这样简单的事情来说，这似乎非常复杂。
不确定它是否重要，但我的产品服务器没有文件夹：C:\Program Files (x86)\Reference Assemblies\Microsoft\Framework.NETFramework\v4.7.2.
为什么会出现此错误？
这并没有回答你的问题，但我很幸运地使用 fuslogvw 来追踪这样的问题。它默认与 visual studio 一起安装，并记录在
https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/framework/tools/fuslogvw-exe-assembly-binding-log-viewer
一旦你运行它（这很简单，你可以将它复制到另一台机器而无需安装任何东西），它会告诉你问题发生的确切原因：
The tool displays the following details about the selected bind failure:
The specific reason the bind failed, such as "file not found" or "version mismatch".
Information about the application that initiated the bind, including its name, the application's root directory (AppBase), and a description of the private search path, if there is one.
The identity of the assembly the tool is looking for.
A description of any Application, Publisher, or Administrator version policies that have been applied.
Whether the assembly was found in the global assembly cache.
A list of all probing URLs.
您是否为 4.7.2 安装了合适的 framework/developer 软件包？
dotnet.microsoft.com/download/dotnet-framework/net472
我知道这已经过时了，但我今天 运行 进入了一个 .net 4.8 项目。我能够找到问题所在，对我来说，我正在通过 Swashbuckle 使用 Swagger。它使用需要 System.Net.Http v4.0.0.0 的 WebActivatorEx，绑定将它重定向到最新版本 4.2.0.0，所以这是我的修复。在我的web.config。请注意，newVersion 不是最新版本，而是 WebActivator Ex.
使用和要求的版本
<dependentAssembly>
<assemblyIdentity name="System.Net.Http" publicKeyToken="b03f5f7f11d50a3a" culture="neutral" />
<bindingRedirect oldVersion="0.0.0.0-4.2.0.0" newVersion="4.0.0.0" />
</dependentAssembly>
在我的生产服务器上出现错误：
Could not load file or assembly 'System.Net.Http, Version=4.2.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b03f5f7f11d50a3a' or one of its dependencies. The system cannot find the file specified.
在我的本地机器上它工作正常，但在服务器上它抛出上述错误，所以一定是某处丢失了文件。请参阅更新 3，其中我尝试添加丢失的 dll，然后抛出不同的错误。
我遵循了这些 link 中的说明：
- https://github.com/Azure/diagnostics-eventflow/issues/155
- https://github.com/dotnet/standard/issues/891
正如上一个 link 中所述，我在相同的情况下还不想迁移 (https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/nuget/consume-packages/migrate-packages-config-to-package-reference)，因为我不想 运行 不兼容，我首先要解决当前的问题。
我已经查找了 System.Net.Http（以及其他一些）的所有引用并手动更改了版本号，这是我的 .vbproj 文件中的旧代码块：
<Reference Include="System.Net.Http, Version=4.1.1.3, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b03f5f7f11d50a3a, processorArchitecture=MSIL">
<HintPath>packages\System.Net.Http.4.3.4\lib\net46\System.Net.Http.dll</HintPath>
<Private>True</Private>
<Private>True</Private>
</Reference>
<Reference Include="System.Runtime, Version=4.1.1.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b03f5f7f11d50a3a, processorArchitecture=MSIL">
<HintPath>packages\System.Runtime.4.3.0\lib\net462\System.Runtime.dll</HintPath>
<Private>True</Private>
<Private>True</Private>
</Reference>
<Reference Include="System.Runtime.Serialization" />
<Reference Include="System.Security.Cryptography.Algorithms, Version=4.2.1.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b03f5f7f11d50a3a, processorArchitecture=MSIL">
<HintPath>packages\System.Security.Cryptography.Algorithms.4.3.0\lib\net463\System.Security.Cryptography.Algorithms.dll</HintPath>
<Private>True</Private>
<Private>True</Private>
</Reference>
<Reference Include="System.Security.Cryptography.Encoding, Version=4.0.1.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b03f5f7f11d50a3a, processorArchitecture=MSIL">
<HintPath>packages\System.Security.Cryptography.Encoding.4.3.0\lib\net46\System.Security.Cryptography.Encoding.dll</HintPath>
<Private>True</Private>
<Private>True</Private>
</Reference>
<Reference Include="System.Security.Cryptography.Primitives, Version=4.0.1.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b03f5f7f11d50a3a, processorArchitecture=MSIL">
<HintPath>packages\System.Security.Cryptography.Primitives.4.3.0\lib\net46\System.Security.Cryptography.Primitives.dll</HintPath>
<Private>True</Private>
<Private>True</Private>
</Reference>
<Reference Include="System.Security.Cryptography.X509Certificates, Version=4.1.1.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b03f5f7f11d50a3a, processorArchitecture=MSIL">
<HintPath>packages\System.Security.Cryptography.X509Certificates.4.3.0\lib\net461\System.Security.Cryptography.X509Certificates.dll</HintPath>
<Private>True</Private>
<Private>True</Private>
</Reference>
这是我最新的 .vbproj 文件：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<Project ToolsVersion="15.0" DefaultTargets="Build" xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/developer/msbuild/2003">
<Import Project="packages\Microsoft.CodeDom.Providers.DotNetCompilerPlatform.2.0.0\build\net46\Microsoft.CodeDom.Providers.DotNetCompilerPlatform.props" Condition="Exists('packages\Microsoft.CodeDom.Providers.DotNetCompilerPlatform.2.0.0\build\net46\Microsoft.CodeDom.Providers.DotNetCompilerPlatform.props')" />
<Import Project="$(MSBuildExtensionsPath)$(MSBuildToolsVersion)\Microsoft.Common.props" Condition="Exists('$(MSBuildExtensionsPath)$(MSBuildToolsVersion)\Microsoft.Common.props')" />
<PropertyGroup>
<Configuration Condition=" '$(Configuration)' == '' ">Debug</Configuration>
<Platform Condition=" '$(Platform)' == '' ">AnyCPU</Platform>
<ProductVersion>
</ProductVersion>
<SchemaVersion>2.0</SchemaVersion>
<ProjectGuid>{6455BF17-B42E-4854-96B1-D4D0E7767B0C}</ProjectGuid>
<ProjectTypeGuids>{349c5851-65df-11da-9384-00065b846f21};{F184B08F-C81C-45F6-A57F-5ABD9991F28F}</ProjectTypeGuids>
<OutputType>Library</OutputType>
<RootNamespace>MyProject</RootNamespace>
<AssemblyName>MyProject</AssemblyName>
<TargetFrameworkVersion>v4.7.2</TargetFrameworkVersion>
<OptionExplicit>On</OptionExplicit>
<OptionCompare>Binary</OptionCompare>
<OptionStrict>Off</OptionStrict>
<OptionInfer>On</OptionInfer>
<MvcBuildViews>false</MvcBuildViews>
<UseIISExpress>true</UseIISExpress>
<Use64BitIISExpress />
<IISExpressSSLPort>44316</IISExpressSSLPort>
<IISExpressAnonymousAuthentication />
<IISExpressWindowsAuthentication />
<IISExpressUseClassicPipelineMode />
<UseGlobalApplicationHostFile />
<NuGetPackageImportStamp>
</NuGetPackageImportStamp>
</PropertyGroup>
<PropertyGroup Condition=" '$(Configuration)|$(Platform)' == 'Debug|AnyCPU' ">
<DebugSymbols>true</DebugSymbols>
<DebugType>full</DebugType>
<DefineDebug>true</DefineDebug>
<DefineTrace>true</DefineTrace>
<OutputPath>bin\</OutputPath>
<DocumentationFile>MyProject.xml</DocumentationFile>
<NoWarn>42016,41999,42017,42018,42019,42032,42036,42020,42021,42022</NoWarn>
</PropertyGroup>
<PropertyGroup Condition=" '$(Configuration)|$(Platform)' == 'Release|AnyCPU' ">
<DebugSymbols>true</DebugSymbols>
<DebugType>pdbonly</DebugType>
<DefineDebug>false</DefineDebug>
<DefineTrace>true</DefineTrace>
<Optimize>true</Optimize>
<OutputPath>bin\</OutputPath>
<DocumentationFile>MyProject.xml</DocumentationFile>
<NoWarn>42016,41999,42017,42018,42019,42032,42036,42020,42021,42022</NoWarn>
</PropertyGroup>
<ItemGroup>
<Reference Include="AjaxControlToolkit, Version=16.1.1.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=28f01b0e84b6d53e, processorArchitecture=MSIL">
<SpecificVersion>False</SpecificVersion>
<HintPath>bin\AjaxControlToolkit.dll</HintPath>
</Reference>
<Reference Include="aspnetforum, Version=7.2.7.0, Culture=neutral, processorArchitecture=MSIL">
<SpecificVersion>False</SpecificVersion>
<HintPath>bin\aspnetforum.dll</HintPath>
</Reference>
<Reference Include="Hammock, Version=1.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=c148cfba29ed1a4d, processorArchitecture=MSIL">
<SpecificVersion>False</SpecificVersion>
<HintPath>bin\Hammock.dll</HintPath>
</Reference>
<Reference Include="Hammock.ClientProfile, Version=1.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=c148cfba29ed1a4d, processorArchitecture=MSIL">
<SpecificVersion>False</SpecificVersion>
<HintPath>bin\Hammock.ClientProfile.dll</HintPath>
</Reference>
<Reference Include="HtmlAgilityPack, Version=1.7.1.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=bd319b19eaf3b43a, processorArchitecture=MSIL">
<SpecificVersion>False</SpecificVersion>
<HintPath>bin\HtmlAgilityPack.dll</HintPath>
</Reference>
<Reference Include="Microsoft.AspNet.FriendlyUrls, Version=1.0.2.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31bf3856ad364e35, processorArchitecture=MSIL">
<SpecificVersion>False</SpecificVersion>
<HintPath>bin\Microsoft.AspNet.FriendlyUrls.dll</HintPath>
</Reference>
<Reference Include="Mollie, Version=2.0.2.0, Culture=neutral, processorArchitecture=MSIL">
<HintPath>packages\Mollie.Net.2.0.2\lib\netstandard2.0\Mollie.dll</HintPath>
</Reference>
<Reference Include="Mollie.Api, Version=1.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, processorArchitecture=MSIL">
<SpecificVersion>False</SpecificVersion>
<HintPath>bin\Mollie.Api.dll</HintPath>
</Reference>
<Reference Include="MySql.Data, Version=6.6.5.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=c5687fc88969c44d, processorArchitecture=MSIL">
<SpecificVersion>False</SpecificVersion>
<HintPath>bin\MySql.Data.dll</HintPath>
</Reference>
<Reference Include="Newtonsoft.Json, Version=12.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=30ad4fe6b2a6aeed, processorArchitecture=MSIL">
<HintPath>packages\Newtonsoft.Json.12.0.2\lib\net45\Newtonsoft.Json.dll</HintPath>
</Reference>
<Reference Include="PresentationCore" />
<Reference Include="PresentationFramework" />
<Reference Include="skmValidators, Version=1.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, processorArchitecture=MSIL">
<SpecificVersion>False</SpecificVersion>
<HintPath>bin\skmValidators.dll</HintPath>
</Reference>
<Reference Include="System" />
<Reference Include="System.ComponentModel.Composition" />
<Reference Include="System.Data" />
<Reference Include="System.Drawing" />
<Reference Include="System.IO, Version=4.1.1.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b03f5f7f11d50a3a, processorArchitecture=MSIL">
<HintPath>packages\System.IO.4.3.0\lib\net462\System.IO.dll</HintPath>
<Private>True</Private>
<Private>True</Private>
</Reference>
<Reference Include="System.Net.Http, Version=4.3.4, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b03f5f7f11d50a3a, processorArchitecture=MSIL">
<HintPath>packages\System.Net.Http.4.3.4\lib\net46\System.Net.Http.dll</HintPath>
<Private>True</Private>
<Private>True</Private>
</Reference>
<Reference Include="System.Runtime, Version=4.3.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b03f5f7f11d50a3a, processorArchitecture=MSIL">
<HintPath>packages\System.Runtime.4.3.0\lib\net462\System.Runtime.dll</HintPath>
<Private>True</Private>
<Private>True</Private>
</Reference>
<Reference Include="System.Runtime.Serialization" />
<Reference Include="System.Security.Cryptography.Algorithms, Version=4.3.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b03f5f7f11d50a3a, processorArchitecture=MSIL">
<HintPath>packages\System.Security.Cryptography.Algorithms.4.3.0\lib\net463\System.Security.Cryptography.Algorithms.dll</HintPath>
<Private>True</Private>
<Private>True</Private>
</Reference>
<Reference Include="System.Security.Cryptography.Encoding, Version=4.3.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b03f5f7f11d50a3a, processorArchitecture=MSIL">
<HintPath>packages\System.Security.Cryptography.Encoding.4.3.0\lib\net46\System.Security.Cryptography.Encoding.dll</HintPath>
<Private>True</Private>
<Private>True</Private>
</Reference>
<Reference Include="System.Security.Cryptography.Primitives, Version=4.3.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b03f5f7f11d50a3a, processorArchitecture=MSIL">
<HintPath>packages\System.Security.Cryptography.Primitives.4.3.0\lib\net46\System.Security.Cryptography.Primitives.dll</HintPath>
<Private>True</Private>
<Private>True</Private>
</Reference>
<Reference Include="System.Security.Cryptography.X509Certificates, Version=4.3.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b03f5f7f11d50a3a, processorArchitecture=MSIL">
<HintPath>packages\System.Security.Cryptography.X509Certificates.4.3.0\lib\net461\System.Security.Cryptography.X509Certificates.dll</HintPath>
<Private>True</Private>
<Private>True</Private>
</Reference>
<Reference Include="System.Core" />
<Reference Include="System.Web" />
<Reference Include="System.Web.Services" />
<Reference Include="System.EnterpriseServices" />
<Reference Include="System.Net.Http.WebRequest">
</Reference>
<Reference Include="System.Web.Helpers, Version=3.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31bf3856ad364e35, processorArchitecture=MSIL">
<Private>True</Private>
<HintPath>packages\Microsoft.AspNet.WebPages.3.2.7\lib\net45\System.Web.Helpers.dll</HintPath>
</Reference>
<Reference Include="System.Web.Mvc, Version=5.2.7.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31bf3856ad364e35, processorArchitecture=MSIL">
<Private>True</Private>
<HintPath>packages\Microsoft.AspNet.Mvc.5.2.7\lib\net45\System.Web.Mvc.dll</HintPath>
</Reference>
<Reference Include="System.Web.Optimization">
<HintPath>packages\Microsoft.AspNet.Web.Optimization.1.1.3\lib\net40\System.Web.Optimization.dll</HintPath>
</Reference>
<Reference Include="System.Web.Razor, Version=3.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31bf3856ad364e35, processorArchitecture=MSIL">
<Private>True</Private>
<HintPath>packages\Microsoft.AspNet.Razor.3.2.7\lib\net45\System.Web.Razor.dll</HintPath>
</Reference>
<Reference Include="System.Web.WebPages, Version=3.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31bf3856ad364e35, processorArchitecture=MSIL">
<Private>True</Private>
<HintPath>packages\Microsoft.AspNet.WebPages.3.2.7\lib\net45\System.Web.WebPages.dll</HintPath>
</Reference>
<Reference Include="System.Web.WebPages.Deployment, Version=3.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31bf3856ad364e35, processorArchitecture=MSIL">
<Private>True</Private>
<HintPath>packages\Microsoft.AspNet.WebPages.3.2.7\lib\net45\System.Web.WebPages.Deployment.dll</HintPath>
</Reference>
<Reference Include="System.Web.WebPages.Razor, Version=3.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31bf3856ad364e35, processorArchitecture=MSIL">
<Private>True</Private>
<HintPath>packages\Microsoft.AspNet.WebPages.3.2.7\lib\net45\System.Web.WebPages.Razor.dll</HintPath>
</Reference>
<Reference Include="TweetSharp, Version=2.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=c148cfba29ed1a4d, processorArchitecture=MSIL">
<SpecificVersion>False</SpecificVersion>
<HintPath>bin\TweetSharp.dll</HintPath>
</Reference>
<Reference Include="WebGrease">
<Private>True</Private>
<HintPath>packages\WebGrease.1.6.0\lib\WebGrease.dll</HintPath>
</Reference>
<Reference Include="Antlr3.Runtime">
<Private>True</Private>
<HintPath>packages\Antlr.3.5.0.2\lib\Antlr3.Runtime.dll</HintPath>
</Reference>
<Reference Include="WindowsBase" />
</ItemGroup>
<ItemGroup>
<Reference Include="Newtonsoft.Json">
<HintPath>packages\Newtonsoft.Json.11.0.1\lib\net45\Newtonsoft.Json.dll</HintPath>
</Reference>
<Reference Include="System.Net.Http.Formatting">
<HintPath>packages\Microsoft.AspNet.WebApi.Client.5.2.7\lib\net45\System.Net.Http.Formatting.dll</HintPath>
</Reference>
<Reference Include="System.Web.Http">
<HintPath>packages\Microsoft.AspNet.WebApi.Core.5.2.7\lib\net45\System.Web.Http.dll</HintPath>
</Reference>
<Reference Include="System.Web.Http.WebHost">
<HintPath>packages\Microsoft.AspNet.WebApi.WebHost.5.2.7\lib\net45\System.Web.Http.WebHost.dll</HintPath>
</Reference>
<Reference Include="Microsoft.CodeDom.Providers.DotNetCompilerPlatform">
<HintPath>packages\Microsoft.CodeDom.Providers.DotNetCompilerPlatform.2.0.0\lib\net45\Microsoft.CodeDom.Providers.DotNetCompilerPlatform.dll</HintPath>
</Reference>
</ItemGroup>
<ItemGroup>
<Import Include="System" />
<Import Include="System.Collections" />
<Import Include="System.Collections.Generic" />
<Import Include="System.Data" />
<Import Include="System.Linq" />
<Import Include="System.Xml.Linq" />
<Import Include="System.Diagnostics" />
<Import Include="System.Collections.Specialized" />
<Import Include="System.Configuration" />
<Import Include="System.Text" />
<Import Include="System.Text.RegularExpressions" />
<Import Include="System.Web" />
<Import Include="System.Web.Caching" />
<Import Include="System.Web.Mvc" />
<Import Include="System.Web.Mvc.Ajax" />
<Import Include="System.Web.Mvc.Html" />
<Import Include="System.Web.Routing" />
<Import Include="System.Web.SessionState" />
<Import Include="System.Web.Security" />
<Import Include="System.Web.Profile" />
<Import Include="System.Web.UI" />
<Import Include="System.Web.UI.WebControls" />
<Import Include="System.Web.UI.WebControls.WebParts" />
<Import Include="System.Web.UI.HtmlControls" />
</ItemGroup>
<ItemGroup>
<Folder Include="App_Data\" />
<Folder Include="App_WebReferences\" />
<Folder Include="Models\" />
</ItemGroup>
<PropertyGroup>
<VisualStudioVersion Condition="'$(VisualStudioVersion)' == ''">10.0</VisualStudioVersion>
<VSToolsPath Condition="'$(VSToolsPath)' == ''">$(MSBuildExtensionsPath32)\Microsoft\VisualStudio\v$(VisualStudioVersion)</VSToolsPath>
</PropertyGroup>
<Import Project="$(MSBuildBinPath)\Microsoft.VisualBasic.targets" />
<Import Project="$(VSToolsPath)\WebApplications\Microsoft.WebApplication.targets" Condition="'$(VSToolsPath)' != ''" />
<Import Project="$(MSBuildExtensionsPath32)\Microsoft\VisualStudio\v10.0\WebApplications\Microsoft.WebApplication.targets" Condition="false" />
<Target Name="MvcBuildViews" AfterTargets="AfterBuild" Condition="'$(MvcBuildViews)'=='true'">
<AspNetCompiler VirtualPath="temp" PhysicalPath="$(WebProjectOutputDir)" />
</Target>
<Target Name="EnsureNuGetPackageBuildImports" BeforeTargets="PrepareForBuild">
<PropertyGroup>
<ErrorText>This project references NuGet package(s) that are missing on this computer. Use NuGet Package Restore to download them. For more information, see http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkID=322105. The missing file is {0}.</ErrorText>
</PropertyGroup>
<Error Condition="!Exists('packages\Microsoft.CodeDom.Providers.DotNetCompilerPlatform.2.0.0\build\net46\Microsoft.CodeDom.Providers.DotNetCompilerPlatform.props')" Text="$([System.String]::Format('$(ErrorText)', 'packages\Microsoft.CodeDom.Providers.DotNetCompilerPlatform.2.0.0\build\net46\Microsoft.CodeDom.Providers.DotNetCompilerPlatform.props'))" />
</Target>
<!-- To modify your build process, add your task inside one of the targets below and uncomment it.
Other similar extension points exist, see Microsoft.Common.targets.
<Target Name="BeforeBuild">
</Target>
<Target Name="AfterBuild">
</Target> -->
</Project>
我的packages.config
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<packages>
<package id="Antlr" version="3.5.0.2" targetFramework="net472" />
<package id="bootstrap" version="3.4.1" targetFramework="net472" />
<package id="jQuery" version="3.3.1" targetFramework="net472" />
<package id="jQuery.Validation" version="1.17.0" targetFramework="net472" />
<package id="Microsoft.AspNet.Mvc" version="5.2.7" targetFramework="net472" />
<package id="Microsoft.AspNet.Razor" version="3.2.7" targetFramework="net472" />
<package id="Microsoft.AspNet.Web.Optimization" version="1.1.3" targetFramework="net472" />
<package id="Microsoft.AspNet.WebApi" version="5.2.7" targetFramework="net472" />
<package id="Microsoft.AspNet.WebApi.Client" version="5.2.7" targetFramework="net472" />
<package id="Microsoft.AspNet.WebApi.Core" version="5.2.7" targetFramework="net472" />
<package id="Microsoft.AspNet.WebApi.WebHost" version="5.2.7" targetFramework="net472" />
<package id="Microsoft.AspNet.WebPages" version="3.2.7" targetFramework="net472" />
<package id="Microsoft.CodeDom.Providers.DotNetCompilerPlatform" version="2.0.0" targetFramework="net472" />
<package id="Microsoft.jQuery.Unobtrusive.Validation" version="3.2.11" targetFramework="net472" />
<package id="Microsoft.Web.Infrastructure" version="1.0.0.0" targetFramework="net472" />
<package id="Modernizr" version="2.8.3" targetFramework="net472" />
<package id="Mollie.Net" version="2.0.2" targetFramework="net472" />
<package id="Newtonsoft.Json" version="12.0.2" targetFramework="net472" />
<package id="System.IO" version="4.3.0" targetFramework="net472" />
<package id="System.Net.Http" version="4.3.4" targetFramework="net472" />
<package id="System.Runtime" version="4.3.0" targetFramework="net472" />
<package id="System.Security.Cryptography.Algorithms" version="4.3.0" targetFramework="net472" />
<package id="System.Security.Cryptography.Encoding" version="4.3.0" targetFramework="net472" />
<package id="System.Security.Cryptography.Primitives" version="4.3.0" targetFramework="net472" />
<package id="System.Security.Cryptography.X509Certificates" version="4.3.0" targetFramework="net472" />
<package id="WebGrease" version="1.6.0" targetFramework="net472" />
</packages>
我还在 web.config（包含 assemblyBindings）中注释掉了整个 <runtime> 部分。
错误仍然存在，我还能做什么？
更新 1
根据@welotty 的回答，我做了以下操作：
我 运行 fuslogvw 来自 VS2019 开发人员命令提示符，但我只是看到并清空 window（无应用程序）：
我看不到在哪里可以 select 要分析的目录或我的特定应用程序的任何其他设置。
更新 2
根据@welotty 的评论，我得到了 fuslogvw 到 运行。我清除了所有消息，在 Visual Studio 2019 年构建我的应用程序，现在看到这个（没有提到 System.Net.Http）：
我打开了 System.IO 日志，我在日志下面看到了这个，但也没有提到 System.Net.Http)
*** Assembly Binder Log Entry (24-Aug-2019 @ 4:47:53 PM) ***
The operation failed.
Bind result: hr = 0x80070002. The system cannot find the file specified.
Assembly manager loaded from: C:\Windows\Microsoft.NET\Framework\v4.0.30319\clr.dll
Running under executable C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio19\Community\MSBuild\Current\Bin\MSBuild.exe
--- A detailed error log follows.
=== Pre-bind state information ===
LOG: DisplayName = System.IO
(Partial)
WRN: Partial binding information was supplied for an assembly:
WRN: Assembly Name: System.IO | Domain ID: 1
WRN: A partial bind occurs when only part of the assembly display name is provided.
WRN: This might result in the binder loading an incorrect assembly.
WRN: It is recommended to provide a fully specified textual identity for the assembly,
WRN: that consists of the simple name, version, culture, and public key token.
WRN: See whitepaper http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkId=109270 for more information and common solutions to this issue.
LOG: Appbase = file:///C:/Program Files (x86)/Microsoft Visual Studio/2019/Community/MSBuild/Current/Bin/
LOG: Initial PrivatePath = NULL
LOG: Dynamic Base = NULL
LOG: Cache Base = NULL
LOG: AppName = MSBuild.exe
Calling assembly : Microsoft.Build.Tasks.Core, Version=15.1.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b03f5f7f11d50a3a.
===
LOG: This bind starts in default load context.
LOG: Using application configuration file: C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio19\Community\MSBuild\Current\Bin\MSBuild.exe.Config
LOG: Using host configuration file:
LOG: Using machine configuration file from C:\Windows\Microsoft.NET\Framework\v4.0.30319\config\machine.config.
LOG: Policy not being applied to reference at this time (private, custom, partial, or location-based assembly bind).
LOG: Attempting download of new URL file:///C:/Program Files (x86)/Microsoft Visual Studio/2019/Community/MSBuild/Current/Bin/System.IO.DLL.
LOG: Attempting download of new URL file:///C:/Program Files (x86)/Microsoft Visual Studio/2019/Community/MSBuild/Current/Bin/System.IO/System.IO.DLL.
LOG: Attempting download of new URL file:///C:/Program Files (x86)/Microsoft Visual Studio/2019/Community/MSBuild/Current/Bin/System.IO.EXE.
LOG: Attempting download of new URL file:///C:/Program Files (x86)/Microsoft Visual Studio/2019/Community/MSBuild/Current/Bin/System.IO/System.IO.EXE.
LOG: All probing URLs attempted and failed.
*** Assembly Binder Log Entry (24-Aug-2019 @ 4:47:53 PM) ***
The operation failed.
Bind result: hr = 0x80070002. The system cannot find the file specified.
首先：我将如何解决这些问题？日志指出 The system cannot find the file specified 其次：我认为这与我的实际问题无关？
更新 3
我注意到 System.Net.Http.dll 实际上从我的生产服务器上的 bin 文件夹中丢失了。
所以我从我的本地机器上复制了 dll。但是，然后我得到错误：
Cannot load a reference assembly for execution.
我检查了 here，但是对于像将新的 dll 添加到 bin 文件夹这样简单的事情来说，这似乎非常复杂。 不确定它是否重要，但我的产品服务器没有文件夹：C:\Program Files (x86)\Reference Assemblies\Microsoft\Framework.NETFramework\v4.7.2.
为什么会出现此错误？
这并没有回答你的问题，但我很幸运地使用 fuslogvw 来追踪这样的问题。它默认与 visual studio 一起安装，并记录在
https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/framework/tools/fuslogvw-exe-assembly-binding-log-viewer
一旦你运行它（这很简单，你可以将它复制到另一台机器而无需安装任何东西），它会告诉你问题发生的确切原因：
The tool displays the following details about the selected bind failure:
The specific reason the bind failed, such as "file not found" or "version mismatch".
Information about the application that initiated the bind, including its name, the application's root directory (AppBase), and a description of the private search path, if there is one.
The identity of the assembly the tool is looking for.
A description of any Application, Publisher, or Administrator version policies that have been applied.
Whether the assembly was found in the global assembly cache.
A list of all probing URLs.
您是否为 4.7.2 安装了合适的 framework/developer 软件包？
dotnet.microsoft.com/download/dotnet-framework/net472
我知道这已经过时了，但我今天 运行 进入了一个 .net 4.8 项目。我能够找到问题所在，对我来说，我正在通过 Swashbuckle 使用 Swagger。它使用需要 System.Net.Http v4.0.0.0 的 WebActivatorEx，绑定将它重定向到最新版本 4.2.0.0，所以这是我的修复。在我的web.config。请注意，newVersion 不是最新版本，而是 WebActivator Ex.
使用和要求的版本 <dependentAssembly>
<assemblyIdentity name="System.Net.Http" publicKeyToken="b03f5f7f11d50a3a" culture="neutral" />
<bindingRedirect oldVersion="0.0.0.0-4.2.0.0" newVersion="4.0.0.0" />
</dependentAssembly>