通过中间件管道播种数据库引发异常 asp.net 核心

Question

我的解决方案有 3 层。 Core、BLL 和 DAL 层。所有都是 class 库，核心层除外，它是一个网络 API 层。 DAL 层具有上下文、播种器、迁移、实体和存储库 classes。我为核心层使用 ASP.NET Core 3.0 Preview，为 class 库层使用 .net standard 2.0。播种器 class 中的 Seed 方法是异步返回任务的。当核心项目是运行时，我得到这个异常：

当我删除 .Wait() 方法调用时，没有抛出异常并且 API 工作正常，但数据库没有种子。

我该如何解决这个问题？谢谢

Startup.cs 中间件管道：

     public void Configure(IApplicationBuilder app, IWebHostEnvironment env, BlazeMartDbSeeder seeder)
        {
            if (env.IsDevelopment())
            {
                app.UseDeveloperExceptionPage();
            }

            //throws exception here
            seeder.Seed().Wait();

            app.UseHttpsRedirection();

            app.UseRouting();

            app.UseAuthorization();

            app.UseEndpoints(endpoints =>
            {
                endpoints.MapControllers();
            });


        }

播种机class:

using BlazeMartManagementSystem.DAL.Entities;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Security.Claims;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

namespace BlazeMartManagementSystem.DAL
{
    public class BlazeMartDbSeeder
    {
        private RoleManager<IdentityRole> _roleMgr;
        private UserManager<ApplicationUser> _userMgr;

        public BlazeMartDbSeeder(UserManager<ApplicationUser> userMgr, RoleManager<IdentityRole> roleMgr)
        {
            _userMgr = userMgr;
            _roleMgr = roleMgr;
        }

        public async Task Seed()
        {
            var user = await _userMgr.FindByNameAsync("Raj");

            // Add User
            if (user == null)
            {
                if (!(await _roleMgr.RoleExistsAsync("Manager")))
                {
                    var role = new IdentityRole("Manager");
                    await _roleMgr.AddClaimAsync(role, new Claim(type: "IsManager", value: "True"));
                    await _roleMgr.CreateAsync(role);
                    //  role.Claims.Add(new IdentityRoleClaim<string>() { ClaimType = "IsManager", ClaimValue = "True" });

                }

                user = new ApplicationUser
                {
                    UserName = "raj",
                    FirstName = "Raj",
                    LastName = "Narayanan",
                    Email = "raj@raj.com"
                };

                var userResult = await _userMgr.CreateAsync(user, "Asp3raj");
                var roleResult = await _userMgr.AddToRoleAsync(user, "Manager");
                var claimResult = await _userMgr.AddClaimAsync(user, new Claim("GreenBadge", "True"));

                if (!userResult.Succeeded || !roleResult.Succeeded || !claimResult.Succeeded)
                {
                    throw new InvalidOperationException("Failed to build user and roles");
                }
            }

            user = await _userMgr.FindByNameAsync("Shawnw");

            // Add User
            if (user == null)
            {
                if (!(await _roleMgr.RoleExistsAsync("Employee")))
                {
                    var role = new IdentityRole("Employee");
                    await _roleMgr.AddClaimAsync(role, new Claim(type: "IsEmployee", value: "True"));
                    await _roleMgr.CreateAsync(role);
                    //  role.Claims.Add(new IdentityRoleClaim<string>() { ClaimType = "IsManager", ClaimValue = "True" });

                }

                user = new ApplicationUser
                {
                    UserName = "shawnw",
                    FirstName = "Shawn",
                    LastName = "Wildermuth",
                    Email = "shawnw@s.com"
                };

                var userResult = await _userMgr.CreateAsync(user, "P@ssw0rd!");
                var roleResult = await _userMgr.AddToRoleAsync(user, "Employee");
                var claimResult = await _userMgr.AddClaimAsync(user, new Claim("OrangeBadge", "True"));

                if (!userResult.Succeeded || !roleResult.Succeeded || !claimResult.Succeeded)
                {
                    throw new InvalidOperationException("Failed to build user and roles");
                }
            }

            user = await _userMgr.FindByNameAsync("John");

            // Add User
            if (user == null)
            {
                if (!(await _roleMgr.RoleExistsAsync("Vendor")))
                {
                    var role = new IdentityRole("Vendor");
                    await _roleMgr.AddClaimAsync(role, new Claim(type: "IsVendor", value: "True"));
                    await _roleMgr.CreateAsync(role);
                    //  role.Claims.Add(new IdentityRoleClaim<string>() { ClaimType = "IsManager", ClaimValue = "True" });

                }

                user = new ApplicationUser
                {
                    UserName = "johng",
                    FirstName = "John",
                    LastName = "Galli",
                    Email = "gali@gali.com"
                };

                var userResult = await _userMgr.CreateAsync(user, "P@ssw0rd!");
                var roleResult = await _userMgr.AddToRoleAsync(user, "Vendor");
                var claimResult = await _userMgr.AddClaimAsync(user, new Claim("BlueBadge", "True"));

                if (!userResult.Succeeded || !roleResult.Succeeded || !claimResult.Succeeded)
                {
                    throw new InvalidOperationException("Failed to build user and roles");
                }
            }

        }
    }
}

Answer 1

您可以尝试像下面这样定义播种机 class :

public static class BlazeMartDbSeeder
{
    public static void Seed(UserManager<ApplicationUser> userMgr, RoleManager<IdentityRole> roleMgr)
    {
        //var user =  userMgr.FindByNameAsync("Raj");

        // Add User
        if (userMgr.FindByNameAsync("Raj").Result == null)
        {
            if (!( roleMgr.RoleExistsAsync("Manager").Result))
            {
                IdentityRole role = new IdentityRole();
                role.Name = "Manager";
                IdentityResult result = roleMgr.CreateAsync(role).Result;
                IdentityResult claim=roleMgr.AddClaimAsync(role, new Claim(type: "IsManager", value: "True")).Result;

                //  role.Claims.Add(new IdentityRoleClaim<string>() { ClaimType = "IsManager", ClaimValue = "True" });

            }

            ApplicationUser user = new ApplicationUser
            {
                UserName = "raj",
                FirstName = "Raj",
                LastName = "Narayanan",
                Email = "raj@raj.com"
            };

            IdentityResult userResult =  userMgr.CreateAsync(user, "Asp3raj#").Result;
            IdentityResult roleResult =  userMgr.AddToRoleAsync(user, "Manager").Result;
            IdentityResult claimResult =  userMgr.AddClaimAsync(user, new Claim("GreenBadge", "True")).Result;

            if (!userResult.Succeeded || !roleResult.Succeeded || !claimResult.Succeeded)
            {
                throw new InvalidOperationException("Failed to build user and roles");
            }
        }

        //user =  userMgr.FindByNameAsync("Shawnw");

        // Add User
        if (userMgr.FindByNameAsync("Shawnw").Result == null)
        {
            if (!(roleMgr.RoleExistsAsync("Employee").Result))
            {
                IdentityRole role = new IdentityRole();
                role.Name = "Employee";
                IdentityResult result=roleMgr.CreateAsync(role).Result;
                IdentityResult claim =roleMgr.AddClaimAsync(role, new Claim(type: "IsEmployee", value: "True")).Result;

                //  role.Claims.Add(new IdentityRoleClaim<string>() { ClaimType = "IsManager", ClaimValue = "True" });

            }

            ApplicationUser user = new ApplicationUser
            {
                UserName = "shawnw",
                FirstName = "Shawn",
                LastName = "Wildermuth",
                Email = "shawnw@s.com"
            };

            IdentityResult userResult = userMgr.CreateAsync(user, "P@ssw0rd!").Result;
            IdentityResult roleResult = userMgr.AddToRoleAsync(user, "Employee").Result;
            IdentityResult claimResult = userMgr.AddClaimAsync(user, new Claim("OrangeBadge", "True")).Result;

            if (!userResult.Succeeded || !roleResult.Succeeded || !claimResult.Succeeded)
            {
                throw new InvalidOperationException("Failed to build user and roles");
            }
        }

        // user =  userMgr.FindByNameAsync("John");

        // Add User
        if (userMgr.FindByNameAsync("John").Result == null)
        {
            if (!(roleMgr.RoleExistsAsync("Vendor").Result))
            {
                IdentityRole role = new IdentityRole();
                role.Name = "Vendor";
                IdentityResult result = roleMgr.CreateAsync(role).Result;
                IdentityResult claim= roleMgr.AddClaimAsync(role, new Claim(type: "IsVendor", value: "True")).Result;

                //  role.Claims.Add(new IdentityRoleClaim<string>() { ClaimType = "IsManager", ClaimValue = "True" });

            }

            ApplicationUser user = new ApplicationUser
            {
                UserName = "johng",
                FirstName = "John",
                LastName = "Galli",
                Email = "gali@gali.com"
            };

            IdentityResult userResult = userMgr.CreateAsync(user, "P@ssw0rd!").Result;
            IdentityResult roleResult = userMgr.AddToRoleAsync(user, "Vendor").Result;
            IdentityResult claimResult = userMgr.AddClaimAsync(user, new Claim("BlueBadge", "True")).Result;

            if (!userResult.Succeeded || !roleResult.Succeeded || !claimResult.Succeeded)
            {
                throw new InvalidOperationException("Failed to build user and roles");
            }
        }

    }
}

Startup.cs

public void Configure(IApplicationBuilder app, IWebHostEnvironment env, UserManager<ApplicationUser> userMgr, RoleManager<IdentityRole> roleMgr)
    {
        if (env.IsDevelopment())
        {
            app.UseDeveloperExceptionPage();
        }

        BlazeMartDbSeeder.Seed(userMgr, roleMgr);

        app.UseHttpsRedirection();

        app.UseRouting();

        app.UseAuthorization();

        app.UseEndpoints(endpoints =>
        {
            endpoints.MapControllers();
        });
    }

注意：密码的组成部分包含大小写字母、数字和特殊符号。

关于ASP.NET Core Identity中的种子用户和角色数据，您可以参考here。

通过中间件管道播种数据库引发异常 asp.net 核心

Seeding database via middleware pipeline throws an exception asp.net core

asp.net-identity

asp.net-core-webapi

asp.net-core-3.0