使用 elementtree 对嵌套元素进行排序

Question

我正在尝试使用带有 elementree 的 XML 属性对 XML 文件中大量嵌套的元素进行排序。我需要阅读的 XML 个元素的结构是这样的：

<ChargeItem>
   <!-- some other data-->  
   <SupplementaryOffer OfferID=SomeIdNumber>
       <!-- more data-->  
   </SupplementaryOffer>
</ChargeItem>

我的代码下一步应该做什么：

解析XML文件，获取SupplementaryOffer标签
读取OfferID属性。
根据查找列表添加新属性OrderID。
根据 ChargeItem 中的 OrderID 对每个 SuplementaryOffer 进行排序。

我现在需要做的是：对每个 SupplementaryOffer (4) 进行排序此代码：

for c in tree.iter("ChargeItem"):
    c[:] = sorted(c, key=lambda child: (child.tag,child.get('OrderId')))

这是我用来尝试排序的方法，但据我所知，这根本不起作用。

以下是现有 XML 的缩减，其中已添加 'OrderId' 属性：

<BATCH >
    <BILL>
        <Somebillinfo>0</Somebillinfo>
        <INVtype>2</INVtype>
        <PageOne>
            <Stuff></Stuff>
        </PageOne>
        <Page2>
            <ServiceAddressCharges>
                <ServiceAddress>
                    <ServiceAddress1>221B Baker Street</ServiceAddress1>
                </ServiceAddress>
                <ProductsSection>
                    <BrilliantProducts id="20033" DisplayMethod="0">Snack services
                        <ChargeItemList>
                            <ServiceNo>0123456478</ServiceNo>
                            <PrimaryOffer OfferId="80000000">Blueberry Icecream</PrimaryOffer>
                            <ParentBundle SortKey="NO_BUNDLE" ParentBundleId="0" ConnectReason="0" DisconnectReason="0">
                                <Bundle SortKey="NO_BUNDLE" BundleId="0" ConnectReason="0" DisconnectReason="0">
                                    <ChargeItem SortKey="ICE">
                                        <SupplementaryOffer OfferId="80000000" ConnectReason="1" DisconnectReason="0" OrderId="23">Fishfingers & Custard
                                            <MonthAmount ProrateCode="0" BillRecur="4" FromDate="2019-07-11" ToDate="2019-08-10" Discount="0.00" Qty="1">4.00</MonthAmount>
                                        </SupplementaryOffer>
                                        <SupplementaryOffer OfferId="80000132" ConnectReason="1" DisconnectReason="0" OrderId="2">A large amount of potato
                                            <MonthAmount ProrateCode="0" BillRecur="71" FromDate="2019-07-11" ToDate="2019-08-10" Discount="0.00" Qty="1">1.00</MonthAmount>
                                        </SupplementaryOffer>
                                    </ChargeItem>
                                    <ChargeItem SortKey="NODSP">
                                        <SupplementaryOffer OfferId="80003606" ConnectReason="1" DisconnectReason="0" OrderId="10">Smaller amount of potato
                                            <DateStart>2016-11-04</DateStart>
                                            <UsageAmount Discount="627.68">630.13</UsageAmount>
                                            <UsageItem>
                                                <ChargeDescr>IncludedSnacks</ChargeDescr>
                                            </UsageItem>
                                            <UsageItem>
                                                <ChargeDescr>SharedSnacks</ChargeDescr>
                                            </UsageItem>
                                        </SupplementaryOffer>
                                        <SupplementaryOffer OfferId="80000132" ConnectReason="1" DisconnectReason="0" OrderId="2">A ginormous amount of potato
                                            <MonthAmount ProrateCode="0" BillRecur="71" FromDate="2019-07-11" ToDate="2019-08-10" Discount="0.00" Qty="1">1.00</MonthAmount>
                                        </SupplementaryOffer>
                                    </ChargeItem>
                                </Bundle>
                            </ParentBundle>
                        </ChargeItemList>
                    </BrilliantProducts>
                </ProductsSection>
            </ServiceAddressCharges>
        </Page2>
    </BILL>
</BATCH >

根据 'OrderID' 属性的排序，我希望第一个 'ChargeItem' 的结果是：

<ChargeItem SortKey="ICE">
    <SupplementaryOffer OfferId="80000132" ConnectReason="1" DisconnectReason="0" OrderId="2">A large amount of potato
        <MonthAmount ProrateCode="0" BillRecur="71" FromDate="2019-07-11" ToDate="2019-08-10" Discount="0.00" Qty="1">1.00</MonthAmount>
    </SupplementaryOffer>
    <SupplementaryOffer OfferId="80000000" ConnectReason="1" DisconnectReason="0" OrderId="23">Fishfingers & Custard
        <MonthAmount ProrateCode="0" BillRecur="4" FromDate="2019-07-11" ToDate="2019-08-10" Discount="0.00" Qty="1">4.00</MonthAmount>
    </SupplementaryOffer>
</ChargeItem>

Answer 1

另一种方法。

from simplified_scrapy import SimplifiedDoc, utils, req
html = '''
<ChargeItem SortKey="ICE">
    <SupplementaryOffer OfferId="80000000" ConnectReason="1" DisconnectReason="0" OrderId="23">Fishfingers & Custard
        <MonthAmount ProrateCode="0" BillRecur="4" FromDate="2019-07-11" ToDate="2019-08-10" Discount="0.00" Qty="1">4.00</MonthAmount>
    </SupplementaryOffer>
    <SupplementaryOffer OfferId="80000132" ConnectReason="1" DisconnectReason="0" OrderId="2">A large amount of potato
        <MonthAmount ProrateCode="0" BillRecur="71" FromDate="2019-07-11" ToDate="2019-08-10" Discount="0.00" Qty="1">1.00</MonthAmount>
    </SupplementaryOffer>
</ChargeItem>
'''
doc = SimplifiedDoc(html)
ChargeItem = doc.select('ChargeItem@SortKey="ICE"')
SupplementaryOffers = ChargeItem.selects('SupplementaryOffer')
xmls = {} # Cache node and OrderId correspondence
for e in SupplementaryOffers:
    xmls[int(e.OrderId)] = e.outerHtml

Orderids = [int(id) for id in SupplementaryOffers.select('OrderId()')]
Orderids.sort() # Sort OrderId and replace nodes in this order
i = 0
for e in SupplementaryOffers: # Replace nodes in order
    e.repleaceSelf(xmls[Orderids[i]])
    i += 1

print(doc.html) # Output sorted XML

结果：

<ChargeItem SortKey="ICE">
    <SupplementaryOffer OfferId="80000132" ConnectReason="1" DisconnectReason="0" OrderId="2">A large amount of potato
        <MonthAmount ProrateCode="0" BillRecur="71" FromDate="2019-07-11" ToDate="2019-08-10" Discount="0.00" Qty="1">1.00</MonthAmount>
    </SupplementaryOffer>
    <SupplementaryOffer OfferId="80000000" ConnectReason="1" DisconnectReason="0" OrderId="23">Fishfingers & Custard
        <MonthAmount ProrateCode="0" BillRecur="4" FromDate="2019-07-11" ToDate="2019-08-10" Discount="0.00" Qty="1">4.00</MonthAmount>
    </SupplementaryOffer>
</ChargeItem>

这里有更多示例，包括解析和更新：https://github.com/yiyedata/simplified-scrapy-demo/tree/master/doc_examples

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