IntegrityError: UNIQUE constraint failed: usermanager_userprofile.email_address

Question

我正在开发一个使用带有 OneToOneField 的用户模型的注册应用程序。

models.py

from django.contrib.auth.models import User
from django.db.models.signals import post_save
from django.db import models
from django.dispatch import receiver

class UserProfile(models.Model):
    GENDER_CHOICES = (
        ('M', 'Male'),
        ('F', 'Female'),
    )

    user = models.OneToOneField(User, on_delete=models.CASCADE)
    name = models.CharField('First name', max_length=30)
    surname = models.CharField('Last name', max_length=150)
    gender = models.CharField('Gender', max_length=1, choices=GENDER_CHOICES)
    date_of_birth = models.DateField('Date of birth', null=True)
    profile_image = models.ImageField('Profile image', upload_to='users_upload/profiles/%Y/%m/%d')
    company_name = models.CharField('Company Name', max_length=75, blank=True, null=True)
    fiscal_data = models.CharField('Fiscal data', max_length=200)
    city = models.CharField('City', max_length=150)
    address = models.CharField('Address', max_length=200)
    postcode = models.CharField('Zip Code', max_length=50)
    country = models.CharField('Country', max_length=75)
    telephone_number = models.CharField('Telephone', max_length=20)
    email_address = models.EmailField('Email')

class Meta:
    unique_together = ['fiscal_data', 'email_address']


@receiver(post_save, sender=User)
def create_user_profile(sender, instance, created, **kwargs):
    if created:
        UserProfile.objects.create(user=instance)

@receiver(post_save, sender=User)
def save_user_profile(sender, instance, **kwargs):
    instance.userprofile.save()

forms.py

from django import forms
from django.contrib.auth import get_user_model, password_validation
from django.contrib.auth.forms import UserCreationForm
from django.contrib.auth.models import User

from .models import UserProfile

class UserForm(UserCreationForm):
    class Meta:
        model = User
        fields = ('username', 'password1', 'password2')

class UserProfileForm(forms.ModelForm):

    class Meta:
        model = UserProfile
        fields = [
            'name', 'surname', 'gender', 'date_of_birth',
            'user_type', 'profile_image', 'company_name',
            'address', 'postcode', 'city', 'country',
            'telephone_number', 'email_address',
            'fiscal_data',
            ]

views.py

from django.contrib.auth.forms import UserCreationForm
from django.db import transaction
from django.shortcuts import render

from .forms import UserProfileForm
from .models import UserProfile

@transaction.atomic
def createUser(request):
    if request.method == 'POST':
        user_form = UserCreationForm(request.POST)
        profile_form = UserProfileForm(request.POST or None, request.FILES or None)
        if user_form.is_valid() and profile_form.is_valid():
            user = user_form.save()
            user.refresh_from_db()  
            profile_form = UserProfileForm(request.POST, instance=user.userprofile) 
            profile_form.full_clean()  
            profile_form.save()  
    else:
        user_form = UserCreationForm()
        profile_form = UserProfileForm()
    return render(request, 'usermanager/editing/create_user.html', {
        'user_form': user_form,
        'profile_form': profile_form
    })

create_user.html

<form method="POST" enctype="multipart/form-data" novalidate>{% csrf_token %}

  <div class="card-body">
    {{ user_form.as_p }}
    {{ profile_form.as_p }}
  </div>

  <div class="card-footer">
    <div class="row justify-content-md-center">
      <div class="col-md-auto">
        <input type="submit" class="btn btn-danger shadow" value="Create Profile">
      </div>
    </div>
  </div>

</form>

当我尝试使用表单注册新用户时，我看到了这条错误消息：

UNIQUE constraint failed: usermanager_userprofile.email_address

即使我尝试使用管理面板注册新用户，也会发生这种情况。

我该如何解决这个问题？

我用过this strategy to create my model, for for createUser view I've used this.

回溯:

Environment:

Request Method: POST Request URL: http://127.0.0.1:8000/create-user/

Django Version: 2.2.5 Python Version: 3.6.8 Installed Applications: ['django.contrib.admin', 'django.contrib.auth', 'django.contrib.contenttypes', 'django.contrib.sessions', 'django.contrib.messages', 'django.contrib.staticfiles', 'kernel', 'usermanager'] Installed Middleware: ['django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware', 'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware', 'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware', 'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware', 'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware', 'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware', 'django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware']

Traceback:

File "/home/max/Django/area-test/app_usermanager_dev/devenv/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/core/handlers/exception.py" in inner 34. response = get_response(request)

File "/home/max/Django/area-test/app_usermanager_dev/devenv/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/core/handlers/base.py" in _get_response 115. response = self.process_exception_by_middleware(e, request)

File "/home/max/Django/area-test/app_usermanager_dev/devenv/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/core/handlers/base.py" in _get_response 113. response = wrapped_callback(request, *callback_args, **callback_kwargs)

File "/usr/lib/python3.6/contextlib.py" in inner 52. return func(*args, **kwds)

File "/home/max/Django/area-test/app_usermanager_dev/app_usermanager/usermanager/views.py" in createUser 30. profile_form.save() # Gracefully save the form

File "/home/max/Django/area-test/app_usermanager_dev/devenv/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/forms/models.py" in save 453. 'created' if self.instance._state.adding else 'changed',

Exception Type: ValueError at /create-user/ Exception Value: The UserProfile could not be changed because the data didn't validate.

Answer 1

在您的 UserProfile 模型中，有一个字段：

email_address = models.EmailField('Email', unique=True)

当您添加 unique=True 时，这意味着该字段对于该模型中的所有条目都是唯一的。您可以删除该关键字参数和运行 makemigrations 并迁移。或者您需要为每个 UserProfile 条目输入唯一的电子邮件地址。

更新：

发生错误的原因可能是您在第二次启动配置文件时没有验证它：

profile_form = UserProfileForm(request.POST, instance=user.userprofile) 
profile_form.full_clean()  
# before calling save, you need to call profile_form.is_valid()
profile_form.save()

TBH，我认为你应该删除你的 post 保存信号 create_user_profile 和 save_user_profile，因为它使你的 createUser 方法的实施过于复杂。此外，如果您没有创建 UserProfile 的机制但您有一个表单可以做到这一点，那么 post 保存信号将很有用，那么为什么需要信号？

如果删除这些信号，请尝试以下代码：

def createUser(request):
    if request.method == 'POST':
        user_form = UserCreationForm(request.POST)
        profile_form = UserProfileForm(request.POST or None, request.FILES or None)
        if user_form.is_valid() and profile_form.is_valid():
            user = user_form.save()
         
            profile_form = profile_form.save(commit=False)
            profile_form.user = user
            profile_form.save()

仅供参考，按照 pep8 标准命名方法时，您应该使用 snake_case。所以最好将 createUser 命名为 create_user.

Answer 2

当我试图防止字符串相同时出现此错误，即使它具有不同的大写字母。

示例狗和狗不应该工作。

代码示例

class Category(models.Model):
    name = CICharField(max_length=255, unique=True, error_messages={'unique':"This category has already been registered."})

    def __str__(self):
        return self.name

    def save(self, force_insert=False, force_update=False):
        self.name = self.name.lower()
        self.name = capitalizeFirtChar(self.name)
        super(Category, self).save(force_insert, force_update)

上面这段代码给了我错误，我通过在保存函数中添加这个 if 语句解决了这个问题

之前

def save(self, force_insert=False, force_update=False):
    self.name = self.name.lower()
    self.name = capitalizeFirtChar(self.name)
    super(Category, self).save(force_insert, force_update)

之后

def save(self, force_insert=False, force_update=False):
    self.name = self.name.lower()
    self.name = capitalizeFirtChar(self.name)

    # If the name already exists
    if not Category.objects.filter(name__iexact=self.name).exists():
         super(Category, self).save(force_insert, force_update)

IntegrityError: UNIQUE constraint failed: usermanager_userprofile.email_address

IntegrityError: UNIQUE constraint failed: usermanager_userprofile.email_address

django

django-models

django-forms

django-views

django-2.2

更新：