为异步调用保存的通用参数在哪里?在哪里可以找到它的名称或其他信息?
Where are the generic parameters saved for Async calls? Where to find its name or other information?
这是我的测试代码:扩展方法GetInstructions
来自这里:https://gist.github.com/jbevain/104001
using System;
using System.Linq;
using System.Reflection;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
namespace ConsoleApp1
{
class Program
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
typeof(TestClass)
.GetMethods()
.Where(method => method.Name == "Say" || method.Name == "Hello")
.ToList()
.ForEach(method =>
{
var calls = method.GetInstructions()
.Select(x => x.Operand as MethodInfo)
.Where(x => x != null)
.ToList();
Console.WriteLine(method);
calls.ForEach(call =>
{
Console.WriteLine($"\t{call}");
call.GetGenericArguments().ToList().ForEach(arg => Console.WriteLine($"\t\t{arg.FullName}"));
});
});
Console.ReadLine();
}
}
class TestClass
{
public async Task Say()
{
await HelloWorld.Say<IFoo>();
HelloWorld.Hello<IBar>();
}
public void Hello()
{
HelloWorld.Say<IFoo>().RunSynchronously();
HelloWorld.Hello<IBar>();
}
}
class HelloWorld
{
public static async Task Say<T>() where T : IBase
{
await Task.Run(() => Console.WriteLine($"Hello from {typeof(T)}.")).ConfigureAwait(false);
}
public static void Hello<T>() where T : IBase
{
Console.WriteLine($"Hello from {typeof(T)}.");
}
}
interface IBase
{
Task Hello();
}
interface IFoo : IBase
{
}
interface IBar : IBase
{
}
}
这里是 运行 结果如屏幕截图所示:
System.Threading.Tasks.Task Say()
System.Runtime.CompilerServices.AsyncTaskMethodBuilder Create()
Void Start[<Say>d__0](<Say>d__0 ByRef)
ConsoleApp1.TestClass+<Say>d__0
System.Threading.Tasks.Task get_Task()
Void Hello()
System.Threading.Tasks.Task Say[IFoo]()
ConsoleApp1.IFoo
Void RunSynchronously()
Void Hello[IBar]()
ConsoleApp1.IBar
非异步调用获得正确的通用参数,但异步调用不能。
我的问题是:ASYNC 调用的通用参数存储在哪里?
非常感谢。
您可以尝试获取泛型方法信息,这样您就可以从中找到 IFoo 泛型类型参数(代码取自 msdn):
private static void DisplayGenericMethodInfo(MethodInfo mi)
{
Console.WriteLine("\r\n{0}", mi);
Console.WriteLine("\tIs this a generic method definition? {0}",
mi.IsGenericMethodDefinition);
Console.WriteLine("\tIs it a generic method? {0}",
mi.IsGenericMethod);
Console.WriteLine("\tDoes it have unassigned generic parameters? {0}",
mi.ContainsGenericParameters);
// If this is a generic method, display its type arguments.
//
if (mi.IsGenericMethod)
{
Type[] typeArguments = mi.GetGenericArguments();
Console.WriteLine("\tList type arguments ({0}):",
typeArguments.Length);
foreach (Type tParam in typeArguments)
{
// IsGenericParameter is true only for generic type
// parameters.
//
if (tParam.IsGenericParameter)
{
Console.WriteLine("\t\t{0} parameter position {1}" +
"\n\t\t declaring method: {2}",
tParam,
tParam.GenericParameterPosition,
tParam.DeclaringMethod);
}
else
{
Console.WriteLine("\t\t{0}", tParam);
}
}
}
}
async
方法没那么简单。
C# 编译器将从 async
方法中生成综合状态机。所以 TestClass.Say
方法的主体将被编译器完全覆盖。如果您想更深入地了解异步状态机,可以阅读 this great blog post。
回到你的问题。
编译器会将方法体替换为如下内容:
<Say>d__0 stateMachine = new <Say>d__0();
stateMachine.<>4__this = this;
stateMachine.<>t__builder = AsyncTaskMethodBuilder.Create();
stateMachine.<>1__state = -1;
AsyncTaskMethodBuilder <>t__builder = stateMachine.<>t__builder;
<>t__builder.Start(ref stateMachine);
return stateMachine.<>t__builder.Task;
这段代码中的 <Say>d__0
是编译器生成的类型。它的名称中包含特殊字符,以防止您在代码中使用此类型。
<Say>d__0
是一个 IAsyncStateMachine
实现。主要逻辑包含在它的MoveNext
方法中。
它看起来类似于:
TaskAwaiter awaiter;
if (state != 0)
{
awaiter = HelloWorld.Say<IFoo>().GetAwaiter();
if (!awaiter.IsCompleted)
{
// ...
builder.AwaitUnsafeOnCompleted(ref awaiter, ref stateMachine);
return;
}
}
else
{
awaiter = this.awaiter;
state = -1;
}
awaiter.GetResult();
HelloWorld.Hello<IBar>();
请注意,您的 HelloWorld.Say<IFoo>()
调用现在在这里,在这个方法中,而不是在您原来的 TestClass.Say
中。
因此,要从您的方法中获取通用类型信息,您需要检查 MoveNext
状态机方法而不是原始的 TestClass.Say
。在那里搜索调用说明。
像这样:
Type asyncStateMachine =
typeof(TestClass)
.GetNestedTypes(BindingFlags.NonPublic)
.FirstOrDefault(
t => t.GetCustomAttribute<CompilerGeneratedAttribute>() != null
&& typeof(IAsyncStateMachine).IsAssignableFrom(t));
MethodInfo method = asyncStateMachine.GetMethod(
nameof(IAsyncStateMachine.MoveNext),
BindingFlags.NonPublic | BindingFlags.Instance);
List<MethodInfo> calls = method.GetInstructions()
.Select(x => x.Operand as MethodInfo)
.Where(x => x != null)
.ToList();
// etc
输出:
Void MoveNext()
System.Threading.Tasks.Task Say[IFoo]()
ConsoleApp1.IFoo
System.Runtime.CompilerServices.TaskAwaiter GetAwaiter()
Boolean get_IsCompleted()
Void AwaitUnsafeOnCompleted[TaskAwaiter,<Say>d__0](System.Runtime.CompilerServices.TaskAwaiter ByRef, <Say>d__0 ByRef)
System.Runtime.CompilerServices.TaskAwaiter
ConsoleApp1.TestClass+<Say>d__0
Void GetResult()
Void Hello[IBar]()
ConsoleApp1.IBar
Void SetException(System.Exception)
Void SetResult()
请注意,此代码取决于当前 IAsyncStatMachine
实现内部。如果 C# 编译器更改了该内部实现,则此代码可能会中断。
这是我的测试代码:扩展方法GetInstructions
来自这里:https://gist.github.com/jbevain/104001
using System;
using System.Linq;
using System.Reflection;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
namespace ConsoleApp1
{
class Program
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
typeof(TestClass)
.GetMethods()
.Where(method => method.Name == "Say" || method.Name == "Hello")
.ToList()
.ForEach(method =>
{
var calls = method.GetInstructions()
.Select(x => x.Operand as MethodInfo)
.Where(x => x != null)
.ToList();
Console.WriteLine(method);
calls.ForEach(call =>
{
Console.WriteLine($"\t{call}");
call.GetGenericArguments().ToList().ForEach(arg => Console.WriteLine($"\t\t{arg.FullName}"));
});
});
Console.ReadLine();
}
}
class TestClass
{
public async Task Say()
{
await HelloWorld.Say<IFoo>();
HelloWorld.Hello<IBar>();
}
public void Hello()
{
HelloWorld.Say<IFoo>().RunSynchronously();
HelloWorld.Hello<IBar>();
}
}
class HelloWorld
{
public static async Task Say<T>() where T : IBase
{
await Task.Run(() => Console.WriteLine($"Hello from {typeof(T)}.")).ConfigureAwait(false);
}
public static void Hello<T>() where T : IBase
{
Console.WriteLine($"Hello from {typeof(T)}.");
}
}
interface IBase
{
Task Hello();
}
interface IFoo : IBase
{
}
interface IBar : IBase
{
}
}
这里是 运行 结果如屏幕截图所示:
System.Threading.Tasks.Task Say()
System.Runtime.CompilerServices.AsyncTaskMethodBuilder Create()
Void Start[<Say>d__0](<Say>d__0 ByRef)
ConsoleApp1.TestClass+<Say>d__0
System.Threading.Tasks.Task get_Task()
Void Hello()
System.Threading.Tasks.Task Say[IFoo]()
ConsoleApp1.IFoo
Void RunSynchronously()
Void Hello[IBar]()
ConsoleApp1.IBar
非异步调用获得正确的通用参数,但异步调用不能。
我的问题是:ASYNC 调用的通用参数存储在哪里?
非常感谢。
您可以尝试获取泛型方法信息,这样您就可以从中找到 IFoo 泛型类型参数(代码取自 msdn):
private static void DisplayGenericMethodInfo(MethodInfo mi)
{
Console.WriteLine("\r\n{0}", mi);
Console.WriteLine("\tIs this a generic method definition? {0}",
mi.IsGenericMethodDefinition);
Console.WriteLine("\tIs it a generic method? {0}",
mi.IsGenericMethod);
Console.WriteLine("\tDoes it have unassigned generic parameters? {0}",
mi.ContainsGenericParameters);
// If this is a generic method, display its type arguments.
//
if (mi.IsGenericMethod)
{
Type[] typeArguments = mi.GetGenericArguments();
Console.WriteLine("\tList type arguments ({0}):",
typeArguments.Length);
foreach (Type tParam in typeArguments)
{
// IsGenericParameter is true only for generic type
// parameters.
//
if (tParam.IsGenericParameter)
{
Console.WriteLine("\t\t{0} parameter position {1}" +
"\n\t\t declaring method: {2}",
tParam,
tParam.GenericParameterPosition,
tParam.DeclaringMethod);
}
else
{
Console.WriteLine("\t\t{0}", tParam);
}
}
}
}
async
方法没那么简单。
C# 编译器将从 async
方法中生成综合状态机。所以 TestClass.Say
方法的主体将被编译器完全覆盖。如果您想更深入地了解异步状态机,可以阅读 this great blog post。
回到你的问题。
编译器会将方法体替换为如下内容:
<Say>d__0 stateMachine = new <Say>d__0();
stateMachine.<>4__this = this;
stateMachine.<>t__builder = AsyncTaskMethodBuilder.Create();
stateMachine.<>1__state = -1;
AsyncTaskMethodBuilder <>t__builder = stateMachine.<>t__builder;
<>t__builder.Start(ref stateMachine);
return stateMachine.<>t__builder.Task;
这段代码中的 <Say>d__0
是编译器生成的类型。它的名称中包含特殊字符,以防止您在代码中使用此类型。
<Say>d__0
是一个 IAsyncStateMachine
实现。主要逻辑包含在它的MoveNext
方法中。
它看起来类似于:
TaskAwaiter awaiter;
if (state != 0)
{
awaiter = HelloWorld.Say<IFoo>().GetAwaiter();
if (!awaiter.IsCompleted)
{
// ...
builder.AwaitUnsafeOnCompleted(ref awaiter, ref stateMachine);
return;
}
}
else
{
awaiter = this.awaiter;
state = -1;
}
awaiter.GetResult();
HelloWorld.Hello<IBar>();
请注意,您的 HelloWorld.Say<IFoo>()
调用现在在这里,在这个方法中,而不是在您原来的 TestClass.Say
中。
因此,要从您的方法中获取通用类型信息,您需要检查 MoveNext
状态机方法而不是原始的 TestClass.Say
。在那里搜索调用说明。
像这样:
Type asyncStateMachine =
typeof(TestClass)
.GetNestedTypes(BindingFlags.NonPublic)
.FirstOrDefault(
t => t.GetCustomAttribute<CompilerGeneratedAttribute>() != null
&& typeof(IAsyncStateMachine).IsAssignableFrom(t));
MethodInfo method = asyncStateMachine.GetMethod(
nameof(IAsyncStateMachine.MoveNext),
BindingFlags.NonPublic | BindingFlags.Instance);
List<MethodInfo> calls = method.GetInstructions()
.Select(x => x.Operand as MethodInfo)
.Where(x => x != null)
.ToList();
// etc
输出:
Void MoveNext()
System.Threading.Tasks.Task Say[IFoo]()
ConsoleApp1.IFoo
System.Runtime.CompilerServices.TaskAwaiter GetAwaiter()
Boolean get_IsCompleted()
Void AwaitUnsafeOnCompleted[TaskAwaiter,<Say>d__0](System.Runtime.CompilerServices.TaskAwaiter ByRef, <Say>d__0 ByRef)
System.Runtime.CompilerServices.TaskAwaiter
ConsoleApp1.TestClass+<Say>d__0
Void GetResult()
Void Hello[IBar]()
ConsoleApp1.IBar
Void SetException(System.Exception)
Void SetResult()
请注意,此代码取决于当前 IAsyncStatMachine
实现内部。如果 C# 编译器更改了该内部实现,则此代码可能会中断。