Octave：如何为 mkoctfile 指定参数

Question

我正在 windows（本机）下使用 Octave，并尝试将 C++ 程序编译成 mex 文件和 link 一些库：

% compile for octave
cmd = sprintf("mex main.cpp -I\"%s\Winnt\Include\" -L\"%s\Winnt\lib_x64\msc\" -lvisa64.lib", ...
getenv('VXIPNPPATH'), getenv('VXIPNPPATH'))
eval(cmd);

当运行时，命令的输出为：

>> mex main.cpp -I'C:\Program Files (x86)\IVI Foundation\VISA\Winnt\Include' -L'C:\Program Files (x86)\IVI Foundation\VISA\Winnt\lib_x64\msc' -lvisa64.lib
g++: error: Files: No such file or directory
g++: error: (x86)\IVI: No such file or directory
g++: error: Foundation\VISA\Winnt\lib_x64\msc: No such file or directory
warning: mkoctfile: building exited with failure status

我也试过直接从命令行运行字符串：

mex main.cpp -I'C:\Program Files (x86)\IVI Foundation\VISA\Winnt\Include' -L'C:\Program Files (x86)\IVI Foundation\VISA\Winnt\lib_x64\msc' -lvisa64.lib

同样的结果。虽然 -I 命令看起来运行良好，但为什么 -L 参数会导致问题？用空格转义路径名的正确方法是什么？双引号也不行。

编辑根据答案，我使用函数形式的 mex()，但结果仍然相同：

vxipath = getenv('VXIPNPPATH');
params={};
params{1} = sprintf('-I%s', fullfile(vxipath, 'Winnt', 'Include'));
params{2} = sprintf('-L%s', fullfile(vxipath, 'Winnt', 'lib_x64', 'msc'));
params{3} = sprintf('-lvisa64.lib');

% replace \ with /
for i1=1:length(params)
  s = params{i1};
  s(s=='\') = '/';
  params{i1} = s;
end

params
mex("main.cpp", params{:});

给出输出：

params =
{
  [1,1] = -IC:/Program Files (x86)/IVI Foundation/VISA/Winnt/Include
  [1,2] = -LC:/Program Files (x86)/IVI Foundation/VISA/Winnt/lib_x64/msc
  [1,3] = -lvisa64.lib
}

g++: error: Files: No such file or directory
g++: error: (x86)/IVI: No such file or directory
g++: error: Foundation/VISA/Winnt/lib_x64/msc: No such file or directory
warning: mkoctfile: building exited with failure status

这与之前的结果相同。其他观察结果是：

'/' 或 '\' 没有区别
如果我省略所有参数，我会得到一个 missing-include-file-error: OK
如果我省略“-L”参数，我会得到一个缺少库文件的错误：OK
如果我添加“-L”参数，我会收到如上所示的错误：似乎 -L 参数的行为与 -I 参数不同。

我也直接从bashshell用相应的命令试了下，结果一样。

Answer 1

用斜杠替换反斜杠并将每个参数放在单引号内。

mex 'main.cpp' '-IC:/Program Files (x86)/IVI Foundation/VISA//Winnt/Include' '-LC:/Program Files (x86)/IVI Foundation/VISA//Winnt/lib_x64/msc' '-lvisa64.lib'

或

mex ('main.cpp', '-IC:/Program Files (x86)/IVI Foundation/VISA//Winnt/Include', '-LC:/Program Files (x86)/IVI Foundation/VISA//Winnt/lib_x64/msc', '-lvisa64.lib')

Answer 2

这并没有回答如何修复它，因为。但我会告诉你如何简化你的代码。

不要使用eval。 eval is evil.

不是计算字符串 function paramA paramB，而是直接使用字符串输入参数调用 function。 function paramA paramB 由解释器翻译为调用 function('paramA','paramB')。但是生成后一种形式要容易得多，而且你可以避免 eval 启动：
```
params = {};
params{1} = '-IC:/Program Files (x86)/IVI Foundation/VISA//Winnt/Include';
params{2} = '-LC:/Program Files (x86)/IVI Foundation/VISA//Winnt/lib_x64/msc';
params{2} = '-lvisa64.lib';
mex('main.cpp', params{:});
```
使用 fullfile 正确生成路径。它根据您所在的平台添加 / 或 \，而且我发现它更易于阅读：
```
include_path = fullfile(getenv('VXIPNPPATH'), 'Winnt', 'Include');
params{1} = ['-I', include_path];
```

Answer 3

如果参数包含空格，

mkoctfile 不会正确转义参数，并且它不喜欢 Octave 自己的路径中的反斜杠。它创建以下两个命令：

g++ -c -I/release/mxe-octave-w64/usr/x86_64-w64-mingw32/include  -IC:\Octave\OCTAVE~1.0\mingw64\include\octave-5.1.0\octave\.. -IC:\Octave\OCTAVE~1.0\mingw64\include\octave-5.1.0\octave -IC:\Octave\OCTAVE~1.0\mingw64\include   -fopenmp -g -O2   -I. "-IC:\Program Files (x86)\IVI Foundation\VISA\Winnt\Include"  -DMEX_DEBUG main.cpp -o C:\Octave\OCTAVE~1.0\tmp/oct-u4r15I.o
g++ -IC:\Octave\OCTAVE~1.0\mingw64\include\octave-5.1.0\octave\.. -IC:\Octave\OCTAVE~1.0\mingw64\include\octave-5.1.0\octave -IC:\Octave\OCTAVE~1.0\mingw64\include   -fopenmp -g -O2 -shared -Wl,-rpath-link,/release/mxe-octave-w64/usr/x86_64-w64-mingw32/lib -L/release/mxe-octave-w64/usr/x86_64-w64-mingw32/lib -L/release/mxe-octave-w64/usr/x86_64-w64-mingw32/qt5/lib -Wl,--export-all-symbols  -o main.mex  C:\Octave\OCTAVE~1.0\tmp/oct-u4r15I.o  -lvisa64.lib  -LC:\Program Files (x86)\IVI Foundation\VISA\Winnt\lib_x64\msc -LC:\Octave\OCTAVE~1.0\mingw64\lib\octave.1.0 -LC:\Octave\OCTAVE~1.0\mingw64\lib -LC:\Octave\OCTAVE~1.0\mingw64\lib\octave.1.0 -loctinterp -loctave  -Wl,-rpath-link,/release/mxe-octave-w64/usr/x86_64-w64-mingw32/lib -L/release/mxe-octave-w64/usr/x86_64-w64-mingw32/lib -L/release/mxe-octave-w64/usr/x86_64-w64-mingw32/qt5/lib -Wl,--export-all-symbols

当我将其更改为以下内容时：

将\替换为/
指定不带 .lib 扩展名的库名称
将-LC:\Program Files...转义为"-LC:\Program Files..."

g++ -c -I/release/mxe-octave-w64/usr/x86_64-w64-mingw32/include  -IC:/Octave/OCTAVE~1.0//mingw64/include/octave-5.1.0/octave/.. -IC:/Octave/OCTAVE~1.0//mingw64/include/octave-5.1.0/octave -IC:/Octave/OCTAVE~1.0//mingw64/include   -fopenmp -g -O2   -I. "-IC:/Program Files (x86)/IVI Foundation/VISA/Winnt/Include"  -DMEX_DEBUG main.cpp -o C:/Octave/OCTAVE~1.0/tmp/oct-u4r15I.o  
g++ -IC:/Octave/OCTAVE~1.0//mingw64/include/octave-5.1.0/octave/.. -IC:/Octave/OCTAVE~1.0//mingw64/include/octave-5.1.0/octave -IC:/Octave/OCTAVE~1.0//mingw64/include   -fopenmp -g -O2 -shared -Wl,-rpath-link,/release/mxe-octave-w64/usr/x86_64-w64-mingw32/lib -L/release/mxe-octave-w64/usr/x86_64-w64-mingw32/lib -L/release/mxe-octave-w64/usr/x86_64-w64-mingw32/qt5/lib -Wl,--export-all-symbols  -o main.mex  C:/Octave/OCTAVE~1.0/tmp/oct-u4r15I.o "-LC:/Program Files (x86)/IVI Foundation/VISA/Winnt/lib_x64/msc" -lvisa64 -LC:/Octave/OCTAVE~1.0//mingw64/lib/octave/5.1.0 -LC:/Octave/OCTAVE~1.0//mingw64/lib -LC:/Octave/OCTAVE~1.0//mingw64/lib/octave/5.1.0 -loctinterp -loctave  -Wl,-rpath-link,/release/mxe-octave-w64/usr/x86_64-w64-mingw32/lib -L/release/mxe-octave-w64/usr/x86_64-w64-mingw32/lib -L/release/mxe-octave-w64/usr/x86_64-w64-mingw32/qt5/lib -Wl,--export-all-symbols

编译成功。

Octave：如何为 mkoctfile 指定参数

Octave: how to specify arguments for mkoctfile

octave

mex