spring 启动安全性中的 HTTP 403 禁止错误

Question

Spring 安全配置 class

@Configuration
@EnableWebSecurity
public class SecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter{

    @Autowired
    private UserDetailsService userDetailsService;

    @Bean
    public PasswordEncoder getPasswordEncoder() {
        return new BCryptPasswordEncoder();
    }

    @Override
    protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {

        http
            .cors()
            .and()
            .authorizeRequests()
            .antMatchers("/user", "/login").permitAll()
            .antMatchers("/employee", "/insurance").hasRole("User")
            .anyRequest()
            .authenticated()
            .and()
            .httpBasic()
            .and()
            .csrf().disable();
    }

    protected void configureGlobal(AuthenticationManagerBuilder auth) throws Exception {
        auth.userDetailsService(userDetailsService).passwordEncoder(getPasswordEncoder());
    }
}

UserDetailsService 实现 class

@Service
public class UserDetailsServiceImpl implements UserDetailsService {

    @Autowired
    private UserService userService;

    @Override
    public UserDetails loadUserByUsername(String userName) throws UsernameNotFoundException {
        User user = null;
        Set<GrantedAuthority> grantedAuthorities = null;
        try
        {
            user = userService.findByUserName(userName);
            if(user == null)
                throw new UsernameNotFoundException("User " + userName  + " not available");

            grantedAuthorities = new HashSet<>();
            for(Role role: user.getRoles()) {
                grantedAuthorities.add(new SimpleGrantedAuthority(role.getRole().toString()));
            }
        }
        catch(Exception exp) {
            exp.printStackTrace();
        }
        return new org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.User(user.getUserName(), user.getPassword(), grantedAuthorities);
    }
}

员工休息控制器class

@RestController
public class EmployeeController {

    @Autowired
    private EmployeeService employeeService;

    @Autowired
    private InsuranceService insuranceService;

    @PostMapping("/employee")
    public ResponseEntity<Employee> create(@RequestBody Employee employee) throws Exception {
        employee = employeeService.create(employee);
        return new ResponseEntity<Employee>(employee, HttpStatus.CREATED);
    }

    @PutMapping("/employee")
    public ResponseEntity<Employee> update(@RequestBody Employee employee) throws Exception {
        employee = employeeService.update(employee);
        return new ResponseEntity<Employee>(employee, HttpStatus.OK);
    }

    @DeleteMapping("/employee/{id}")
    public ResponseEntity<String> delete(@PathVariable("id") long id) throws Exception {
        employeeService.delete(id);
        return new ResponseEntity<String>("Employee deleted successfully", HttpStatus.OK);
    }

    @GetMapping("/employee/{id}")
    public ResponseEntity<Employee> findEmployeeDetails(@PathVariable("id") long id) throws Exception {
        Employee employee = employeeService.findById(id);
        return new ResponseEntity<Employee>(employee, HttpStatus.OK);
    }

    @GetMapping("/employee")
    public ResponseEntity<List<Employee>> findAll() throws Exception {
        List<Employee> employees = employeeService.findAll();
        return new ResponseEntity<List<Employee>>(employees, HttpStatus.OK);
    }
}

对于通过邮递员提交给 /employee URL[=15= 的任何 HTTP 方法 (POST/GET/PUT) 请求，我收到 403 禁止错误]

{
    "timestamp": "2019-09-17T05:37:35.778+0000",
    "status": 403,
    "error": "Forbidden",
    "message": "Forbidden",
    "path": "/hr-core/employee"
}

即使我在 POSTMAN 的 HTTP 请求的基本身份验证 header（授权）中发送了正确的用户名和密码，我仍然收到此错误。该用户还同时具有 USER 和 ADMIN 角色来访问 /employee REST 端点。我在 http 安全中禁用了 CSRF。

如何解决这个错误？

Answer 1

在 Spring 安全性中，角色和 authorities 之间存在差异。虽然权限可以是任何东西，但角色是以 ROLE_.

开头的权限的子集

假设您拥有以下权限：

GrantedAuthority authority1 = new SimpleGrantedAuthority("User");
GrantedAuthority authority2 = new SimpleGrantedAuthority("ROLE_Admin");

在这种情况下，authority1 不包含角色，而 authority2 包含角色，因为它的前缀是 ROLE_。

这意味着，如果您使用 hasRole("User")，您将无权访问，因为它未定义为角色。 hasRole("Admin") 另一方面会起作用。

要解决这个问题，您有两个选择：

确保您的角色确实带有 ROLE_ 前缀。如果您不以这种方式将它们存储在数据库中，则可以修改 UserDetailsServiceImpl:
```
String roleName = "ROLE_" + role.getRole().toString();
grantedAuthorities.add(new SimpleGrantedAuthority(roleName));
```

或者，您可以使用 hasAuthority("User")：

// ...
.antMatchers("/employee", "/insurance").hasAuthority("User")
// ...

Answer 2

这就是我消除 REST API 访问错误的方法。当我调用 API 时，它给了我 403 错误。为了解决这个问题，我做了这些更改。

我使用 mvcMatcher 而不是 antMatcher API 映射
角色以“USER”或“ADMIN”之类的名称提供，而不是“ROLE_USER”或“ROLE_ADMIN”

代码如下：

@Configuration
@EnableWebSecurity
public class SecurityConfiguration extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter {
    
    @Override
    protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
        http
        .csrf().disable().authorizeRequests()
        .and()
        .addFilter(new ApplicationAuthorizationFilter(authenticationManager()))
        .authorizeRequests()
        .antMatchers(ApplicationConstants.DEFAULT_API_CHECK_PATH).permitAll()
        .mvcMatchers("/app/users/**/**").hasAnyRole("USER", "ADMIN")
        .and()
        .sessionManagement()
        .sessionCreationPolicy(SessionCreationPolicy.STATELESS);
    }

    @Autowired
    public void configureGlobal(AuthenticationManagerBuilder auth) throws Exception {
        auth
            .inMemoryAuthentication()
                .withUser("abc").password("xyz").roles("READONLY")  ;
    }
    
    @Bean
    public PasswordEncoder encoder() {
        return new BCryptPasswordEncoder(ApplicationConstants.ENCODER_STRENGTH);
    }
    
    
}

Spring 安全性中有一种机制可以确定是否应在 GrantedAuthotrity 值之前添加前缀以及它应该是什么。默认为空白，因为我没有在我的案例中设置任何内容。

之前我试图将角色名称作为“ROLE_USER”传递，但失败了。

spring 启动安全性中的 HTTP 403 禁止错误

HTTP 403 forbidden error in spring boot security

spring

spring-security

basic-authentication

spring-boot

spring-security-rest