Junit 5 tests don't launch in Eclipse due to NoClassDefFoundError: TestEngine

Junit 5 tests don't launch in Eclipse due to NoClassDefFoundError: TestEngine

(在Whosebug中没有对这个问题的提问,所以我决定在这里share提问和解决。)

我想将我的 Spring Boot 项目从 JUnit 4 迁移到 JUnit 5,所以我添加了新的 API 作为依赖项并删除了旧的:

   <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
        <scope>test</scope>
        <exclusions>
            <exclusion>
                <groupId>junit</groupId>
                <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            </exclusion>
        </exclusions>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.junit.jupiter</groupId>
        <artifactId>junit-jupiter-api</artifactId>
    </dependency>

我想完全迁移我的项目,所以我明确排除了 JUnit 4 中的所有内容,并且 包含 junit-vintage-engine(如官方migration guide).

然后,我进行了各种更改以使测试通过编译,例如将 @Before 替换为 @BeforeEach 并组织导入。总而言之,这非常简单。

但是运行 Eclipse 中的测试造成了一些麻烦:

一段时间后,我发现测试执行在控制台中打印了堆栈跟踪:

java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: org/junit/platform/engine/TestEngine
    at org.junit.platform.launcher.core.ServiceLoaderTestEngineRegistry.loadTestEngines(ServiceLoaderTestEngineRegistry.java:35)
    at org.junit.platform.launcher.core.LauncherFactory.create(LauncherFactory.java:87)
    at org.junit.platform.launcher.core.LauncherFactory.create(LauncherFactory.java:67)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit5.runner.JUnit5TestLoader.<init>(JUnit5TestLoader.java:34)
    at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance0(Native Method)
    at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.java:62)
    at sun.reflect.DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.java:45)
    at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Constructor.java:423)
    at java.lang.Class.newInstance(Class.java:456)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.createRawTestLoader(RemoteTestRunner.java:370)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.createLoader(RemoteTestRunner.java:365)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.defaultInit(RemoteTestRunner.java:309)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.init(RemoteTestRunner.java:224)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.main(RemoteTestRunner.java:208)
Caused by: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: org.junit.platform.engine.TestEngine
    at java.net.URLClassLoader.findClass(URLClassLoader.java:444)
    at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:486)
    at sun.misc.Launcher$AppClassLoader.loadClass(Launcher.java:378)
    at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:419)
    ... 14 more

这让我找到了问题的根本原因(请参阅下面的答案)...

问题是我缺少对引擎库的依赖:

    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.junit.jupiter</groupId>
        <artifactId>junit-jupiter-engine</artifactId>
    </dependency>

然后,测试 运行 就像 Eclipse 中的一个魅力。

https://dev.to/martinbelev/how-to-enable-junit-5-in-new-spring-boot-project-29a8 do mention this dependency, but I primarily worked with the JUnit 5 documentation 这样的迁移博客,我一定是忽略了那里的这条重要信息...