ActiveRecord::AssociationTypeMismatch Rails CSV 导入

Question

我正在使用 gem roo 导入 CSV 数据。它运行顺利，直到有关联的地方，我希望 roo 可以将字符串转换为关联中相应的整数值。就我而言，我有一个属于 State.

的 Staff 模型

class State < ApplicationRecord
    has_many :staffs

end

class Staff < ApplicationRecord
    belongs_to :state

end

这意味着我在 staffs table 中有 state_id 列。但是，在我的 CSV 中，最终用户拥有州的名称，对应于 states table 中的州名称。当我尝试导入 CSV 时，出现错误：

ActiveRecord::AssociationTypeMismatch in StaffsImportsController#create
State(#134576500) expected, got "Texas" which is an instance of String(#20512180)

突出显示的来源是：

staff.attributes = row.to_hash

gem roo 是否可以将 csv 文件中的 'Texas' 翻译成 id 2，而不是最终用户在上传数据之前做大量的翻译工作？

这里是staffs_imports.rb

class StaffsImport
  include ActiveModel::Model
  require 'roo'

  attr_accessor :file

  def initialize(attributes={})
    attributes.each { |name, value| send("#{name}=", value) }
  end

  def persisted?
    false
  end

  def open_spreadsheet
    case File.extname(file.original_filename)
    when ".csv" then Csv.new(file.path, nil, :ignore)
    when ".xls" then Roo::Excel.new(file.path, nil, :ignore)
    when ".xlsx" then Roo::Excelx.new(file.path)
    else raise "Unknown file type: #{file.original_filename}"
    end
  end

  def load_imported_staffs
    spreadsheet = open_spreadsheet
    header = spreadsheet.row(1)
    (2..spreadsheet.last_row).map do |i|
      row = Hash[[header, spreadsheet.row(i)].transpose]
      staff = Staff.find_by_national_id(row["national_id"]) || Staff.new
      staff.attributes = row.to_hash
      staff
    end
  end

  def imported_staffs
    @imported_staffs ||= load_imported_staffs
  end

  def save
    if imported_staffs.map(&:valid?).all?
      imported_staffs.each(&:save!)
      true
    else
      imported_staffs.each_with_index do |staff, index|
        staff.errors.full_messages.each do |msg|
          errors.add :base, "Row #{index + 6}: #{msg}"
        end
      end
      false
    end
  end

end

最后 staff_imports_controller.rb:

class StaffsImportsController < ApplicationController

  def new
    @staffs_import = StaffsImport.new
  end

  def create
    @staffs_import = StaffsImport.new(params[:staffs_import])
    if @staffs_import.save
      flash[:success] = "You have successfully uploaded your staff!"
      redirect_to staffs_path
    else
      render :new
    end
  end
end

任何 help/clues 将不胜感激。

Answer 1

由于这里提供了一个非常详细的问题和很好的答案，我设法找到了解决方案

ActiveRecord::AssociationTypeMismatch Rails CSV 导入

ActiveRecord::AssociationTypeMismatch Rails CSV Import

csv

ruby-on-rails-5

roo