vagrant box add 命令中使用的 URL 是什么？
What is the URL to be used in the vagrant box add command?
我正在尝试通过入门教程学习 Vagrant。但是只有进入教程的几个步骤，事情已经无法按照教程中的说明进行工作。具体来说，看起来 Vagrant 不知道如何下载教程中使用的盒子。这是我到目前为止所做的：
查看是否安装了vagrant：
$ which vagrant
安装 Vagrant：
$ sudo aptitude install vagrant
The following NEW packages will be installed:
bsdtar{a} libruby1.9.1{a} libyaml-0-2{a} ruby{a} ruby-childprocess{a} ruby-erubis{a} ruby-ffi{a} ruby-i18n{a} ruby-log4r{a} ruby-net-scp{a} ruby-net-ssh{a} ruby1.9.1{a} vagrant
0 packages upgraded, 13 newly installed, 0 to remove and 5 not upgraded.
Need to get 0 B/3,451 kB of archives. After unpacking 17.9 MB will be used.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n/?] y
Selecting previously unselected package libyaml-0-2:amd64.
(Reading database ... 171235 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack .../libyaml-0-2_0.1.4-3ubuntu3.1_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking libyaml-0-2:amd64 (0.1.4-3ubuntu3.1) ...
Selecting previously unselected package bsdtar.
Preparing to unpack .../bsdtar_3.1.2-7ubuntu2_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking bsdtar (3.1.2-7ubuntu2) ...
Selecting previously unselected package ruby.
Preparing to unpack .../ruby_1%3a1.9.3.4_all.deb ...
Unpacking ruby (1:1.9.3.4) ...
Selecting previously unselected package ruby1.9.1.
Preparing to unpack .../ruby1.9.1_1.9.3.484-2ubuntu1.2_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking ruby1.9.1 (1.9.3.484-2ubuntu1.2) ...
Selecting previously unselected package libruby1.9.1.
Preparing to unpack .../libruby1.9.1_1.9.3.484-2ubuntu1.2_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking libruby1.9.1 (1.9.3.484-2ubuntu1.2) ...
Selecting previously unselected package ruby-ffi.
Preparing to unpack .../ruby-ffi_1.9.3debian-1ubuntu2_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking ruby-ffi (1.9.3debian-1ubuntu2) ...
Selecting previously unselected package ruby-childprocess.
Preparing to unpack .../ruby-childprocess_0.3.9-2_all.deb ...
Unpacking ruby-childprocess (0.3.9-2) ...
Selecting previously unselected package ruby-erubis.
Preparing to unpack .../ruby-erubis_2.7.0-2_all.deb ...
Unpacking ruby-erubis (2.7.0-2) ...
Selecting previously unselected package ruby-i18n.
Preparing to unpack .../ruby-i18n_0.6.9-1_all.deb ...
Unpacking ruby-i18n (0.6.9-1) ...
Selecting previously unselected package ruby-log4r.
Preparing to unpack .../ruby-log4r_1.1.10-3_all.deb ...
Unpacking ruby-log4r (1.1.10-3) ...
Selecting previously unselected package ruby-net-ssh.
Preparing to unpack .../ruby-net-ssh_1%3a2.6.8-1_all.deb ...
Unpacking ruby-net-ssh (1:2.6.8-1) ...
Selecting previously unselected package ruby-net-scp.
Preparing to unpack .../ruby-net-scp_1.1.1-1_all.deb ...
Unpacking ruby-net-scp (1.1.1-1) ...
Selecting previously unselected package vagrant.
Preparing to unpack .../vagrant_1.4.3-1_all.deb ...
Unpacking vagrant (1.4.3-1) ...
Processing triggers for man-db (2.6.7.1-1ubuntu1) ...
Processing triggers for doc-base (0.10.5) ...
Processing 1 added doc-base file...
Registering documents with scrollkeeper...
Setting up libyaml-0-2:amd64 (0.1.4-3ubuntu3.1) ...
Setting up bsdtar (3.1.2-7ubuntu2) ...
Setting up ruby (1:1.9.3.4) ...
Setting up ruby1.9.1 (1.9.3.484-2ubuntu1.2) ...
Setting up libruby1.9.1 (1.9.3.484-2ubuntu1.2) ...
Setting up ruby-ffi (1.9.3debian-1ubuntu2) ...
Setting up ruby-childprocess (0.3.9-2) ...
Setting up ruby-erubis (2.7.0-2) ...
Setting up ruby-i18n (0.6.9-1) ...
Setting up ruby-log4r (1.1.10-3) ...
Setting up ruby-net-ssh (1:2.6.8-1) ...
Setting up ruby-net-scp (1.1.1-1) ...
Setting up vagrant (1.4.3-1) ...
Processing triggers for libc-bin (2.19-0ubuntu6.5) ...
试试 vagrant getting started tutorial:
$ mkdir vagrant_getting_started && cd $_
$ vagrant init
A `Vagrantfile` has been placed in this directory. You are now
ready to `vagrant up` your first virtual environment! Please read
the comments in the Vagrantfile as well as documentation on
`vagrantup.com` for more information on using Vagrant.
$ vagrant box add hashicorp/precise32
This command was not invoked properly. The help for this command is
available below.
Usage: vagrant box add <name> <url> [--provider provider] [-h]
--checksum VALUE Checksum
--checksum-type VALUE Checksum type
-c, --clean Remove old temporary download if it exists.
-f, --force Overwrite an existing box if it exists.
--insecure If set, SSL certs will not be validated.
--cacert certfile CA certificate
--cert certfile The client SSL cert
--provider provider The provider that backs the box.
-h, --help Print this help
根据此输出，我似乎需要指定一个 URL 可以从中下载该框。因此，根据教程，我搜索了 Hashicorp's Atlas box catalog. I think I found the right resource located https://atlas.hashicorp.com/hashicorp/boxes/precise32，但该资源没有提供可以从中获取盒子的 URL。相反，它只是说 vagrant up hashicorp/precise32 --provider virtualbox。所以我尝试了那个命令并得到了这个错误：
$ vagrant up hashicorp/precise32 --provider virtualbox
The machine with the name 'hashicorp/precise32' was not found configured for
this Vagrant environment.
在哪里可以找到应该在 vagrant box add <name> <url> 命令中使用的 URL？我以为在 Hashicorp 的盒子目录中很容易找到它，但我在任何地方都没有看到它。
以防万一这是关于我当前环境的有用信息：
$ vagrant box list -i
There are no installed boxes! Use `vagrant box add` to add some.
我认为问题在于您使用的是非常旧的 Vagrant 版本 - 1.4.3-1，而最新版本是 1.7.2。您安装的存储库可能不再保持最新。
我建议卸载您当前拥有的，然后重新安装来自 Vagrant downloads 的最新版本。
更新： 如果你在 Linux 上安装 Vagrant（Debian 或 RPM 格式打包），你肯定会想从 [=11= 下载] 因为存储库中的包没有保持最新并且会很旧。
对于 Vagrant 1.7.2，框添加帮助部分说：
$ vagrant box add -h
Usage: vagrant box add [options] <name, url, or path>
The box descriptor can be the name of a box on HashiCorp's Atlas,
or a URL, or a local .box file, or a local .json file containing
the catalog metadata.
然后您可以继续按照入门指南进行操作，并可以在 Boxes documentation.
上阅读更多内容
更新二：针对原问题"how do I find the URL for a Box file?"，有两种情况：
来自 HashiCorp 的盒子现在托管在他们的 Atlas service 上：这些盒子由 shorthand 代码标识，例如 "hashicorp/precise32" 或 "ubuntu/trusty64"。我想象有一个 web 服务或约定，其中 vagrant 命令行可以查询 Atlas 云，然后找到实际的下载 URL。他们似乎没有做到这一点 public，但您可能可以通过观察网络流量或查看 vagrant 来源来弄清楚。
来自其他项目的盒子可能是 public 或内部（公司）：这些盒子通常带有一个正常的 URL 直接指向 .box 文件。您可以在 Vagrantbox.es 上看到其中的一些示例。事实上，如果您在那里搜索 'vagrantup'，您会看到许多原始标准框及其 URL。
我不清楚为什么你不只是 运行 vagrant init hashicorp/precise32 因为它处理查找和添加盒子到你的盒子注册表。
然而，如果你真的想看看盒子的来源，即使是旧版本的 vagrant，你也可以利用 --debug 标志，你会看到下面的 -在输出中隐藏此框的 URL 当前 https://atlas.hashicorp.com/hashicorp/boxes/precise32/versions/1.0.0/providers/virtualbox.box.
回答问题（虽然不推荐这种方式）：
vagrant box add hashicorp/precise32 https://atlas.hashicorp.com/hashicorp/boxes/precise32/versions/1.0.0/providers/virtualbox.box
与：
~ » vagrant version
Installed Version: 2.0.1
Latest Version: 2.0.1
You're running an up-to-date version of Vagrant!
您只需发出 curl 请求即可取回数据。见下文：
~ » curl -i -L https://vagrantcloud.com/sakhan/ubuntu1404-contrail-devstack1
HTTP/1.1 301 Moved Permanently
Server: Cowboy
Date: Fri, 19 Jan 2018 18:08:40 GMT
Connection: keep-alive
Location: https://vagrantcloud.com/sakhan/boxes/ubuntu1404-contrail-devstack1
Content-Type: text/html
Cache-Control: no-cache
X-Request-Id: cfcc4360-34f5-41d2-91ce-1eb82e5a6b7c
X-Runtime: 0.004783
Content-Length: 133
Via: 1.1 vegur
HTTP/1.1 302 Found
Server: Cowboy
Date: Fri, 19 Jan 2018 18:08:40 GMT
Connection: keep-alive
X-Frame-Options: SAMEORIGIN
X-Xss-Protection: 1; mode=block
X-Content-Type-Options: nosniff
Strict-Transport-Security: max-age=31536000; includeSubDomains; preload
Location: https://app.vagrantup.com/sakhan/boxes/ubuntu1404-contrail-devstack1
Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8
Cache-Control: no-cache
X-Request-Id: 1383ab1f-8ed8-4e81-9762-d5ffacdda9f3
X-Runtime: 0.008575
Transfer-Encoding: chunked
Via: 1.1 vegur
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Server: Cowboy
Date: Fri, 19 Jan 2018 18:08:41 GMT
Connection: keep-alive
X-Frame-Options: SAMEORIGIN
X-Xss-Protection: 1; mode=block
X-Content-Type-Options: nosniff
Strict-Transport-Security: max-age=31536000; includeSubDomains; preload
Content-Type: application/json; charset=utf-8
Etag: W/"af57ca8e837f7cdd4c3047e2752a506f"
Cache-Control: max-age=0, private, must-revalidate
X-Request-Id: b0296c54-8ffc-408b-89e5-e361df1bb6c8
X-Runtime: 0.051198
Transfer-Encoding: chunked
Via: 1.1 vegur
{"description":"Vagrant box having Opencontail + Devstack environment","short_description":"Vagrant box having Opencontail + Devstack environment","name":"sakhan/ubuntu1404-contrail-devstack1","versions":[{"version":"0.0.2","status":"active","description_html":"<p>Vagrant box with opencontrail_devstack version 0.0.2</p>\n","description_markdown":"Vagrant box with opencontrail_devstack version 0.0.2","providers":[{"name":"virtualbox","url":"https://vagrantcloud.com/sakhan/boxes/ubuntu1404-contrail-devstack1/versions/0.0.2/providers/virtualbox.box"}]}]}
最后，您有以下 json 信息：
providers:
name: virtualbox
url: https://vagrantcloud.com/sakh...ons/0.0.2/providers/virtualbox.box
HTH
我正在尝试通过入门教程学习 Vagrant。但是只有进入教程的几个步骤，事情已经无法按照教程中的说明进行工作。具体来说，看起来 Vagrant 不知道如何下载教程中使用的盒子。这是我到目前为止所做的：
查看是否安装了vagrant：
$ which vagrant
安装 Vagrant：
$ sudo aptitude install vagrant
The following NEW packages will be installed:
bsdtar{a} libruby1.9.1{a} libyaml-0-2{a} ruby{a} ruby-childprocess{a} ruby-erubis{a} ruby-ffi{a} ruby-i18n{a} ruby-log4r{a} ruby-net-scp{a} ruby-net-ssh{a} ruby1.9.1{a} vagrant
0 packages upgraded, 13 newly installed, 0 to remove and 5 not upgraded.
Need to get 0 B/3,451 kB of archives. After unpacking 17.9 MB will be used.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n/?] y
Selecting previously unselected package libyaml-0-2:amd64.
(Reading database ... 171235 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack .../libyaml-0-2_0.1.4-3ubuntu3.1_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking libyaml-0-2:amd64 (0.1.4-3ubuntu3.1) ...
Selecting previously unselected package bsdtar.
Preparing to unpack .../bsdtar_3.1.2-7ubuntu2_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking bsdtar (3.1.2-7ubuntu2) ...
Selecting previously unselected package ruby.
Preparing to unpack .../ruby_1%3a1.9.3.4_all.deb ...
Unpacking ruby (1:1.9.3.4) ...
Selecting previously unselected package ruby1.9.1.
Preparing to unpack .../ruby1.9.1_1.9.3.484-2ubuntu1.2_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking ruby1.9.1 (1.9.3.484-2ubuntu1.2) ...
Selecting previously unselected package libruby1.9.1.
Preparing to unpack .../libruby1.9.1_1.9.3.484-2ubuntu1.2_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking libruby1.9.1 (1.9.3.484-2ubuntu1.2) ...
Selecting previously unselected package ruby-ffi.
Preparing to unpack .../ruby-ffi_1.9.3debian-1ubuntu2_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking ruby-ffi (1.9.3debian-1ubuntu2) ...
Selecting previously unselected package ruby-childprocess.
Preparing to unpack .../ruby-childprocess_0.3.9-2_all.deb ...
Unpacking ruby-childprocess (0.3.9-2) ...
Selecting previously unselected package ruby-erubis.
Preparing to unpack .../ruby-erubis_2.7.0-2_all.deb ...
Unpacking ruby-erubis (2.7.0-2) ...
Selecting previously unselected package ruby-i18n.
Preparing to unpack .../ruby-i18n_0.6.9-1_all.deb ...
Unpacking ruby-i18n (0.6.9-1) ...
Selecting previously unselected package ruby-log4r.
Preparing to unpack .../ruby-log4r_1.1.10-3_all.deb ...
Unpacking ruby-log4r (1.1.10-3) ...
Selecting previously unselected package ruby-net-ssh.
Preparing to unpack .../ruby-net-ssh_1%3a2.6.8-1_all.deb ...
Unpacking ruby-net-ssh (1:2.6.8-1) ...
Selecting previously unselected package ruby-net-scp.
Preparing to unpack .../ruby-net-scp_1.1.1-1_all.deb ...
Unpacking ruby-net-scp (1.1.1-1) ...
Selecting previously unselected package vagrant.
Preparing to unpack .../vagrant_1.4.3-1_all.deb ...
Unpacking vagrant (1.4.3-1) ...
Processing triggers for man-db (2.6.7.1-1ubuntu1) ...
Processing triggers for doc-base (0.10.5) ...
Processing 1 added doc-base file...
Registering documents with scrollkeeper...
Setting up libyaml-0-2:amd64 (0.1.4-3ubuntu3.1) ...
Setting up bsdtar (3.1.2-7ubuntu2) ...
Setting up ruby (1:1.9.3.4) ...
Setting up ruby1.9.1 (1.9.3.484-2ubuntu1.2) ...
Setting up libruby1.9.1 (1.9.3.484-2ubuntu1.2) ...
Setting up ruby-ffi (1.9.3debian-1ubuntu2) ...
Setting up ruby-childprocess (0.3.9-2) ...
Setting up ruby-erubis (2.7.0-2) ...
Setting up ruby-i18n (0.6.9-1) ...
Setting up ruby-log4r (1.1.10-3) ...
Setting up ruby-net-ssh (1:2.6.8-1) ...
Setting up ruby-net-scp (1.1.1-1) ...
Setting up vagrant (1.4.3-1) ...
Processing triggers for libc-bin (2.19-0ubuntu6.5) ...
试试 vagrant getting started tutorial:
$ mkdir vagrant_getting_started && cd $_
$ vagrant init
A `Vagrantfile` has been placed in this directory. You are now
ready to `vagrant up` your first virtual environment! Please read
the comments in the Vagrantfile as well as documentation on
`vagrantup.com` for more information on using Vagrant.
$ vagrant box add hashicorp/precise32
This command was not invoked properly. The help for this command is
available below.
Usage: vagrant box add <name> <url> [--provider provider] [-h]
--checksum VALUE Checksum
--checksum-type VALUE Checksum type
-c, --clean Remove old temporary download if it exists.
-f, --force Overwrite an existing box if it exists.
--insecure If set, SSL certs will not be validated.
--cacert certfile CA certificate
--cert certfile The client SSL cert
--provider provider The provider that backs the box.
-h, --help Print this help
根据此输出，我似乎需要指定一个 URL 可以从中下载该框。因此，根据教程，我搜索了 Hashicorp's Atlas box catalog. I think I found the right resource located https://atlas.hashicorp.com/hashicorp/boxes/precise32，但该资源没有提供可以从中获取盒子的 URL。相反，它只是说 vagrant up hashicorp/precise32 --provider virtualbox。所以我尝试了那个命令并得到了这个错误：
$ vagrant up hashicorp/precise32 --provider virtualbox
The machine with the name 'hashicorp/precise32' was not found configured for
this Vagrant environment.
在哪里可以找到应该在 vagrant box add <name> <url> 命令中使用的 URL？我以为在 Hashicorp 的盒子目录中很容易找到它，但我在任何地方都没有看到它。
以防万一这是关于我当前环境的有用信息：
$ vagrant box list -i
There are no installed boxes! Use `vagrant box add` to add some.
我认为问题在于您使用的是非常旧的 Vagrant 版本 - 1.4.3-1，而最新版本是 1.7.2。您安装的存储库可能不再保持最新。
我建议卸载您当前拥有的，然后重新安装来自 Vagrant downloads 的最新版本。
更新： 如果你在 Linux 上安装 Vagrant（Debian 或 RPM 格式打包），你肯定会想从 [=11= 下载] 因为存储库中的包没有保持最新并且会很旧。
对于 Vagrant 1.7.2，框添加帮助部分说：
$ vagrant box add -h
Usage: vagrant box add [options] <name, url, or path>
The box descriptor can be the name of a box on HashiCorp's Atlas,
or a URL, or a local .box file, or a local .json file containing
the catalog metadata.
然后您可以继续按照入门指南进行操作，并可以在 Boxes documentation.
上阅读更多内容更新二：针对原问题"how do I find the URL for a Box file?"，有两种情况：
来自 HashiCorp 的盒子现在托管在他们的 Atlas service 上：这些盒子由 shorthand 代码标识，例如 "hashicorp/precise32" 或 "ubuntu/trusty64"。我想象有一个 web 服务或约定，其中 vagrant 命令行可以查询 Atlas 云，然后找到实际的下载 URL。他们似乎没有做到这一点 public，但您可能可以通过观察网络流量或查看 vagrant 来源来弄清楚。
来自其他项目的盒子可能是 public 或内部（公司）：这些盒子通常带有一个正常的 URL 直接指向 .box 文件。您可以在 Vagrantbox.es 上看到其中的一些示例。事实上，如果您在那里搜索 'vagrantup'，您会看到许多原始标准框及其 URL。
我不清楚为什么你不只是 运行 vagrant init hashicorp/precise32 因为它处理查找和添加盒子到你的盒子注册表。
然而，如果你真的想看看盒子的来源，即使是旧版本的 vagrant，你也可以利用 --debug 标志，你会看到下面的 -在输出中隐藏此框的 URL 当前 https://atlas.hashicorp.com/hashicorp/boxes/precise32/versions/1.0.0/providers/virtualbox.box.
回答问题（虽然不推荐这种方式）：
vagrant box add hashicorp/precise32 https://atlas.hashicorp.com/hashicorp/boxes/precise32/versions/1.0.0/providers/virtualbox.box
与：
~ » vagrant version
Installed Version: 2.0.1
Latest Version: 2.0.1
You're running an up-to-date version of Vagrant!
您只需发出 curl 请求即可取回数据。见下文：
~ » curl -i -L https://vagrantcloud.com/sakhan/ubuntu1404-contrail-devstack1
HTTP/1.1 301 Moved Permanently
Server: Cowboy
Date: Fri, 19 Jan 2018 18:08:40 GMT
Connection: keep-alive
Location: https://vagrantcloud.com/sakhan/boxes/ubuntu1404-contrail-devstack1
Content-Type: text/html
Cache-Control: no-cache
X-Request-Id: cfcc4360-34f5-41d2-91ce-1eb82e5a6b7c
X-Runtime: 0.004783
Content-Length: 133
Via: 1.1 vegur
HTTP/1.1 302 Found
Server: Cowboy
Date: Fri, 19 Jan 2018 18:08:40 GMT
Connection: keep-alive
X-Frame-Options: SAMEORIGIN
X-Xss-Protection: 1; mode=block
X-Content-Type-Options: nosniff
Strict-Transport-Security: max-age=31536000; includeSubDomains; preload
Location: https://app.vagrantup.com/sakhan/boxes/ubuntu1404-contrail-devstack1
Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8
Cache-Control: no-cache
X-Request-Id: 1383ab1f-8ed8-4e81-9762-d5ffacdda9f3
X-Runtime: 0.008575
Transfer-Encoding: chunked
Via: 1.1 vegur
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Server: Cowboy
Date: Fri, 19 Jan 2018 18:08:41 GMT
Connection: keep-alive
X-Frame-Options: SAMEORIGIN
X-Xss-Protection: 1; mode=block
X-Content-Type-Options: nosniff
Strict-Transport-Security: max-age=31536000; includeSubDomains; preload
Content-Type: application/json; charset=utf-8
Etag: W/"af57ca8e837f7cdd4c3047e2752a506f"
Cache-Control: max-age=0, private, must-revalidate
X-Request-Id: b0296c54-8ffc-408b-89e5-e361df1bb6c8
X-Runtime: 0.051198
Transfer-Encoding: chunked
Via: 1.1 vegur
{"description":"Vagrant box having Opencontail + Devstack environment","short_description":"Vagrant box having Opencontail + Devstack environment","name":"sakhan/ubuntu1404-contrail-devstack1","versions":[{"version":"0.0.2","status":"active","description_html":"<p>Vagrant box with opencontrail_devstack version 0.0.2</p>\n","description_markdown":"Vagrant box with opencontrail_devstack version 0.0.2","providers":[{"name":"virtualbox","url":"https://vagrantcloud.com/sakhan/boxes/ubuntu1404-contrail-devstack1/versions/0.0.2/providers/virtualbox.box"}]}]}
最后，您有以下 json 信息：
providers:
name: virtualbox
url: https://vagrantcloud.com/sakh...ons/0.0.2/providers/virtualbox.box
HTH