R 在 Windows10- "The system cannot find the path specified." 消息上启动。我怎样才能找到路径？
R Startup on Windows10- "The system cannot find the path specified." message. How can I find the path?
这没什么大不了的；一切似乎都在工作，但每次我在 Windows 10:
上启动 R 时都会收到一条消息，这让我很困扰
C:\devl\temp>R
**The system cannot find the path specified.**
R version 3.6.1 (2019-07-05) -- "Action of the Toes"
Copyright (C) 2019 The R Foundation for Statistical Computing
Platform: x86_64-w64-mingw32/x64 (64-bit)
我重新安装了它，更改了 Rprofile.site 中的路径，弄乱了我的路径。我可以直接 运行 R 可执行文件：
C:\R\R-3.6.1\bin>.\x64\R.exe
The system cannot find the path specified.
仍然收到消息。
无论如何，我只是想更好地了解 R 的启动顺序，所以如果您有任何关于在何处寻找 R 试图在启动时打开的路径的建议，我将不胜感激。
更新
@Pepv 的 link 将我带到了启动包的 startup(debug=TRUE) 功能。在做了一些清理之后，下面是完整的输出。答案现在必须盯着我看。
C:\Users>R
The system cannot find the path specified.
R version 3.6.1 (2019-07-05) -- "Action of the Toes"
Copyright (C) 2019 The R Foundation for Statistical Computing
Platform: x86_64-w64-mingw32/x64 (64-bit)
R is free software and comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY.
You are welcome to redistribute it under certain conditions.
Type 'license()' or 'licence()' for distribution details.
Natural language support but running in an English locale
R is a collaborative project with many contributors.
Type 'contributors()' for more information and
'citation()' on how to cite R or R packages in publications.
Type 'demo()' for some demos, 'help()' for on-line help, or
'help.start()' for an HTML browser interface to help.
Type 'q()' to quit R.
[1] "I'm the Rprofile.site in the R installation directory!"
[1] "I am the .Rprofile in C:/devl"
> startup::startup(debug = TRUE)
0.001s: System information:
0.007s: - R_HOME: 'C:/R/R-3.6.1' (existing folder)
0.012s: - R call: C:\R\R-3.6.1/bin/x64/Rterm.exe
0.017s: - Current directory: 'C:/Users'
0.022s: - User's home directory: '~' => 'C:\devl' (existing folder)
0.028s: - Search path: '.GlobalEnv', 'package:stats', 'package:graphics', 'package:grDevices', 'package:utils', 'package:datasets', 'package:methods', 'Autoloads', 'package:base'
0.044s: - Loaded namespaces: 'compiler', 'startup', 'graphics', 'utils', 'grDevices', 'stats', 'datasets', 'methods', 'base'
0.055s: The following has already been processed by R:
0.061s: - R_ENVIRON: ''
0.063s: - R_ENVIRON_USER: ''
0.068s: - R_DEFAULT_PACKAGES: '' (= 'base,methods,datasets,utils,grDevices,graphics,stats')
0.078s: - R_LIBS: 'C:\devl\Rpackages'
0.083s: - R_LIBS_SITE: ''
0.086s: - R_LIBS_USER: 'C:\devl\Rpackages'
0.090s: - R_PROFILE: ''
0.095s: - R_PROFILE_USER: 'C:\devl\.Rprofile' (1 lines; 42 bytes)
0.105s: - 'C:/R/R-3.6.1/etc/Rprofile.site' (2 code lines; 619 bytes)
0.117s: - 'C:\devl\.Rprofile' (1 code lines; 42 bytes)
0.124s: startup::startup()-specific processing ...
0.130s: Found startup directory '~/.Renviron.d'.
0.145s: Processing 1 Renviron files ...
0.153s: - 'C:\devl/.Renviron.d/.Renviron' (0 lines; 0 bytes) setting 0 environment variables
0.164s: Processing 1 Renviron files ... done
0.177s: Found startup directory 'C:\devl\.Rprofile.d'.
0.188s: Processing 1 Rprofile files ...
0.196s: - 'C:\devl\.Rprofile.d/.Rprofile' (1 code lines; 30 bytes)
[1] "I am in .Rprofile.d"
0.208s: Processing 1 Rprofile files ... done
0.216s: - unloading the 'startup' package
0.222s: - Search path: '.GlobalEnv', 'package:stats', 'package:graphics', 'package:grDevices', 'package:utils', 'package:datasets', 'package:methods', 'Autoloads', 'package:base'
0.238s: - Loaded namespaces: 'compiler', 'graphics', 'utils', 'grDevices', 'stats', 'datasets', 'methods', 'base'
0.250s: startup::startup()-specific processing ... done
0.257s: The following will be processed next by R:
0.262s: - R_HISTFILE: ''
0.274s: - .First(): no such function on search()
0.279s: - Remaining packages per R_DEFAULT_PACKAGES to be attached by base::.First.sys() (in order):
更新 2
或者可能不是。 Rterm.exe 不会触发消息，并且根据 this source，“R（相对于 Rterm）是一个小型 .exe 程序，可以执行一些操作
参数解析，然后 运行s Rterm。”甚至 R.exe --help 触发消息，所以这一定与实际的 R.exe 参数解析有关。接近结束这个问题。
When R starts, the following user-specific setup takes place:
The first .Renviron file found on the R startup search path is
processed. The search path is (in order): (i)
Sys.getenv("R_ENVIRON_USER"), (ii) ./.Renviron, and (iii) ~/.Renviron.
The format of this file is one ENV_VAR=VALUE statement per line, cf.
?.Renviron. NOTE: Some environment variables must be set already in
this step in order to be acknowledged by R, i.e. it is too late to set
some of them in Step 2 and Step 3 below.
The first .Rprofile file found on the R startup search path is
processed. The search path is (in order): (i)
Sys.getenv("R_PROFILE_USER"), (ii) ./.Rprofile, and (iii) ~/.Rprofile.
The format of this file must be a valid R script (with a trailing
newline), cf. ?.Rprofile.
If the .Rprofile file (in Step 2) calls startup::startup() then the
following will also take place:
a. The first .Renviron.d directory on the R startup search path is
processed. The search path is (in order): (i)
paste0(Sys.getenv("R_ENVIRON_USER"), ".d"), (ii) ./.Renviron.d, and
(iii) ~/.Renviron.d. The format of these files should be the same as
for .Renviron. NOTE: Some environment variables must be set already in
Step 1 above in order to be acknowledged by R.
b. A set of handy R options that can be use in Step 3c are set. Their
names are prefixed startup.session. - see
?startup::startup_session_options for details.
c. The first .Rprofile.d directory found on the R startup search path
is processed. The search path is (in order): (i)
paste0(Sys.getenv("R_PROFILE_USER"), ".d"), (ii) ./.Rprofile.d, and
(iii) ~/.Rprofile.d. The format of these files should be the same as
for .Rprofile, that is, they must be valid R scripts.
d. If no errors occur above, the startup package will be unloaded,
leaving no trace of itself behind, except for R options
startup.session.* set in Step 3b - these will be erased if
startup::startup() is called with keep = NULL.
从https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/startup/vignettes/startup-intro.html
中提取的信息
编辑：
检查这个解决方案，也许它也适合你：Problems executing script from command line in R. Error message: cannot find path specified
这没什么大不了的；一切似乎都在工作，但每次我在 Windows 10:
上启动 R 时都会收到一条消息，这让我很困扰C:\devl\temp>R
**The system cannot find the path specified.**
R version 3.6.1 (2019-07-05) -- "Action of the Toes"
Copyright (C) 2019 The R Foundation for Statistical Computing
Platform: x86_64-w64-mingw32/x64 (64-bit)
我重新安装了它，更改了 Rprofile.site 中的路径，弄乱了我的路径。我可以直接 运行 R 可执行文件：
C:\R\R-3.6.1\bin>.\x64\R.exe
The system cannot find the path specified.
仍然收到消息。
无论如何，我只是想更好地了解 R 的启动顺序，所以如果您有任何关于在何处寻找 R 试图在启动时打开的路径的建议，我将不胜感激。
更新
@Pepv 的 link 将我带到了启动包的 startup(debug=TRUE) 功能。在做了一些清理之后，下面是完整的输出。答案现在必须盯着我看。
C:\Users>R
The system cannot find the path specified.
R version 3.6.1 (2019-07-05) -- "Action of the Toes"
Copyright (C) 2019 The R Foundation for Statistical Computing
Platform: x86_64-w64-mingw32/x64 (64-bit)
R is free software and comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY.
You are welcome to redistribute it under certain conditions.
Type 'license()' or 'licence()' for distribution details.
Natural language support but running in an English locale
R is a collaborative project with many contributors.
Type 'contributors()' for more information and
'citation()' on how to cite R or R packages in publications.
Type 'demo()' for some demos, 'help()' for on-line help, or
'help.start()' for an HTML browser interface to help.
Type 'q()' to quit R.
[1] "I'm the Rprofile.site in the R installation directory!"
[1] "I am the .Rprofile in C:/devl"
> startup::startup(debug = TRUE)
0.001s: System information:
0.007s: - R_HOME: 'C:/R/R-3.6.1' (existing folder)
0.012s: - R call: C:\R\R-3.6.1/bin/x64/Rterm.exe
0.017s: - Current directory: 'C:/Users'
0.022s: - User's home directory: '~' => 'C:\devl' (existing folder)
0.028s: - Search path: '.GlobalEnv', 'package:stats', 'package:graphics', 'package:grDevices', 'package:utils', 'package:datasets', 'package:methods', 'Autoloads', 'package:base'
0.044s: - Loaded namespaces: 'compiler', 'startup', 'graphics', 'utils', 'grDevices', 'stats', 'datasets', 'methods', 'base'
0.055s: The following has already been processed by R:
0.061s: - R_ENVIRON: ''
0.063s: - R_ENVIRON_USER: ''
0.068s: - R_DEFAULT_PACKAGES: '' (= 'base,methods,datasets,utils,grDevices,graphics,stats')
0.078s: - R_LIBS: 'C:\devl\Rpackages'
0.083s: - R_LIBS_SITE: ''
0.086s: - R_LIBS_USER: 'C:\devl\Rpackages'
0.090s: - R_PROFILE: ''
0.095s: - R_PROFILE_USER: 'C:\devl\.Rprofile' (1 lines; 42 bytes)
0.105s: - 'C:/R/R-3.6.1/etc/Rprofile.site' (2 code lines; 619 bytes)
0.117s: - 'C:\devl\.Rprofile' (1 code lines; 42 bytes)
0.124s: startup::startup()-specific processing ...
0.130s: Found startup directory '~/.Renviron.d'.
0.145s: Processing 1 Renviron files ...
0.153s: - 'C:\devl/.Renviron.d/.Renviron' (0 lines; 0 bytes) setting 0 environment variables
0.164s: Processing 1 Renviron files ... done
0.177s: Found startup directory 'C:\devl\.Rprofile.d'.
0.188s: Processing 1 Rprofile files ...
0.196s: - 'C:\devl\.Rprofile.d/.Rprofile' (1 code lines; 30 bytes)
[1] "I am in .Rprofile.d"
0.208s: Processing 1 Rprofile files ... done
0.216s: - unloading the 'startup' package
0.222s: - Search path: '.GlobalEnv', 'package:stats', 'package:graphics', 'package:grDevices', 'package:utils', 'package:datasets', 'package:methods', 'Autoloads', 'package:base'
0.238s: - Loaded namespaces: 'compiler', 'graphics', 'utils', 'grDevices', 'stats', 'datasets', 'methods', 'base'
0.250s: startup::startup()-specific processing ... done
0.257s: The following will be processed next by R:
0.262s: - R_HISTFILE: ''
0.274s: - .First(): no such function on search()
0.279s: - Remaining packages per R_DEFAULT_PACKAGES to be attached by base::.First.sys() (in order):
更新 2 或者可能不是。 Rterm.exe 不会触发消息，并且根据 this source，“R（相对于 Rterm）是一个小型 .exe 程序，可以执行一些操作 参数解析，然后 运行s Rterm。”甚至 R.exe --help 触发消息，所以这一定与实际的 R.exe 参数解析有关。接近结束这个问题。
When R starts, the following user-specific setup takes place:
The first .Renviron file found on the R startup search path is processed. The search path is (in order): (i) Sys.getenv("R_ENVIRON_USER"), (ii) ./.Renviron, and (iii) ~/.Renviron. The format of this file is one ENV_VAR=VALUE statement per line, cf. ?.Renviron. NOTE: Some environment variables must be set already in this step in order to be acknowledged by R, i.e. it is too late to set some of them in Step 2 and Step 3 below.
The first .Rprofile file found on the R startup search path is processed. The search path is (in order): (i) Sys.getenv("R_PROFILE_USER"), (ii) ./.Rprofile, and (iii) ~/.Rprofile. The format of this file must be a valid R script (with a trailing newline), cf. ?.Rprofile.
If the .Rprofile file (in Step 2) calls startup::startup() then the following will also take place:
a. The first .Renviron.d directory on the R startup search path is processed. The search path is (in order): (i) paste0(Sys.getenv("R_ENVIRON_USER"), ".d"), (ii) ./.Renviron.d, and (iii) ~/.Renviron.d. The format of these files should be the same as for .Renviron. NOTE: Some environment variables must be set already in Step 1 above in order to be acknowledged by R.
b. A set of handy R options that can be use in Step 3c are set. Their names are prefixed startup.session. - see ?startup::startup_session_options for details.
c. The first .Rprofile.d directory found on the R startup search path is processed. The search path is (in order): (i) paste0(Sys.getenv("R_PROFILE_USER"), ".d"), (ii) ./.Rprofile.d, and (iii) ~/.Rprofile.d. The format of these files should be the same as for .Rprofile, that is, they must be valid R scripts.
d. If no errors occur above, the startup package will be unloaded, leaving no trace of itself behind, except for R options startup.session.* set in Step 3b - these will be erased if startup::startup() is called with keep = NULL.
从https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/startup/vignettes/startup-intro.html
中提取的信息编辑：
检查这个解决方案，也许它也适合你：Problems executing script from command line in R. Error message: cannot find path specified