成功的 Makefile 在 CLion 中失败并显示 "identical" CMake

Question

我正在尝试使用 CLion 在我的 Mac OS 10.13.1 (macOS High Sierra) 上使用 IBM ILOG CPLEX 12.7.1。这是一段非常简单的 C++ 代码。

#include <iostream>
#include <ilcplex/ilocplex.h>
using namespace std;
int main() {
    std::cout << "Hello, World!" << std::endl;
    IloEnv env;
    x: IloCplex cplex(env);
    std::cout << env.getVersion() << endl;

    return 0;
}

以下在我的Makefile.

SYSTEM = x86-64_osx
LIBFORMAT = static_pic
CPLEXDIR = /Users/soheilmn/Applications/IBM/ILOG/CPLEX_Studio1271/cplex
CONCERTDIR = /Users/soheilmn/Applications/IBM/ILOG/CPLEX_Studio1271/concert
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------
# Compiler selection 
# --------------------------------------------------------------------- 
CCC = clang++ -O0
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------
# Compiler options 
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------
CCOPT = -m64 -O -fPIC -fexceptions -DNDEBUG -DIL_STD -stdlib=libc++
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------
# Link options and libraries
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------

CPLEXBINDIR = $(CPLEXDIR)/bin/$(BINDIST)

CPLEXLIBDIR = $(CPLEXDIR)/lib/$(SYSTEM)/$(LIBFORMAT)
CONCERTLIBDIR = $(CONCERTDIR)/lib/$(SYSTEM)/$(LIBFORMAT)

CCLNDIRS  = -L$(CPLEXLIBDIR) -L$(CONCERTLIBDIR) 
CCLNFLAGS = -lconcert -lilocplex -lcplex -lm -lpthread -ldl #-framework CoreFoundation -framework IOKit -stdlib=libc++
all:
   make main

CONCERTINCDIR = $(CONCERTDIR)/include
CPLEXINCDIR = $(CPLEXDIR)/include

CCFLAGS = $(CCOPT) -I$(CPLEXINCDIR) -I$(CONCERTINCDIR) 
# ------------------------------------------------------------
main: main.o
$(CCC) $(CCFLAGS) $(CCLNDIRS) -o main main.o $(CCLNFLAGS)
main.o: ./main.cpp
$(CCC) -c $(CCFLAGS) ./main.cpp -o main.o

这是 CMakeLists.txt，我尝试使用与 Makefile.

中提到的参数完全相同的参数来创建它

cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.14)
project(cplextest)
add_executable(cplextest main.cpp)
set(CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER clang++)
set(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS "${CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS}  -m64 -O -fPIC -fexceptions -DNDEBUG -DIL_STD -stdlib=libc++")
include_directories(/Users/soheilmn/Applications/IBM/ILOG/CPLEX_Studio1271/cplex/include/)
include_directories(/Users/soheilmn/Applications/IBM/ILOG/CPLEX_Studio1271/cplex/include/ilcplex)
include_directories(/Users/soheilmn/Applications/IBM/ILOG/CPLEX_Studio1271/concert/include)
include_directories(/Users/soheilmn/Applications/IBM/ILOG/CPLEX_Studio1271/concert/include/ilconcert)
find_library(lib1 NAMES libcplex.a PATHS /Users/soheilmn/Applications/IBM/ILOG/CPLEX_Studio1271/cplex/lib/x86-64_osx/static_pic/)
find_library(lib2 NAMES libilocplex.a PATHS /Users/soheilmn/Applications/IBM/ILOG/CPLEX_Studio1271/cplex/lib/x86-64_osx/static_pic/)
find_library(lib3 NAMES libcplexdistmip.a PATHS /Users/soheilmn/Applications/IBM/ILOG/CPLEX_Studio1271/cplex/lib/x86-64_osx/static_pic/)
set (CMAKE_SHARED_LINKER_FLAGS "-lconcert -lilocplex -lcplex -lm -lpthread -ldl #-framework CoreFoundation -framework IOKit -stdlib=libc++")
target_link_libraries(cplextest PUBLIC ${lib1})
target_link_libraries(cplextest PUBLIC ${lib2})
target_link_libraries(cplextest PUBLIC ${lib3})

但是，虽然 Makefile 完美运行（即，我可以从终端成功运行我的程序），但 CLion 会产生以下错误消息。

====================[ Build | cplextest | Debug ]===============================
/Applications/CLion.app/Contents/bin/cmake/mac/bin/cmake --build /Users/soheilmn/CLionProjects/CplexTest/cmake-build-debug --target cplextest -- -j 2
[ 50%] Linking CXX executable cplextest
Undefined symbols for architecture x86_64:
  "IloCplex::IloCplex(IloEnv)", referenced from:
      _main in main.cpp.o
  "IloCplexI::getVersion() const", referenced from:
      _main in main.cpp.o
ld: symbol(s) not found for architecture x86_64
clang: error: linker command failed with exit code 1 (use -v to see invocation)
make[3]: *** [cplextest] Error 1
make[2]: *** [CMakeFiles/cplextest.dir/all] Error 2
make[1]: *** [CMakeFiles/cplextest.dir/rule] Error 2
make: *** [cplextest] Error 2

有趣的是，如果我在我的 C++ 代码中注释掉 (x) 行，我可以成功地从 CLion 运行我的代码。这确实让我很困惑，因为我的理解是两个程序都使用 clang++ 和相同的 libraries/header 文件。任何帮助将不胜感激。（抱歉提前了这么久post！）

谢谢！

Answer 1

CMAKE_SHARED_LINKER_FLAGS 指定创建新共享库时要使用的标志。但是您的项目不会创建共享库，它会创建一个可执行文件。您应该像这样将所有库名称传递给 target_link_libraries：

target_link_libraries(cplextest PUBLIC "concert;cplex;ilocplex;cplexdistmip")

然后您可能需要添加库搜索路径 (/Users/soheilmn/Applications/IBM/ILOG/CPLEX_Studio1271/cplex/lib/x86-64_osx/static_pic/)，它应该都能正常工作。运行 make VERBOSE=1 在运行ning cmake 之后，如果您想查看链接器命令实际上是什么运行.

要启用 pthreads，请参阅 cmake and libpthread

Answer 2

特别感谢 "John Zwinck" 的帮助。我认为在 macOS 10.13.1 / CLion 2109.2.3 下共享与 IBM ILOG CPLEX 12.9 完美配合的最终 CMake 文件是有意义的。这是：

cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.14)
project(cplextest)
add_executable(cplextest main.cpp)
set(CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER clang++)
set(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS "${CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS}  -m64 -O -fPIC -fexceptions -DNDEBUG -DIL_STD -stdlib=libc++")
include_directories(/Users/soheilmn/Applications/IBM/ILOG/CPLEX_Studio129/cplex/include/)
include_directories(/Users/soheilmn/Applications/IBM/ILOG/CPLEX_Studio129/cplex/include/ilcplex)
include_directories(/Users/soheilmn/Applications/IBM/ILOG/CPLEX_Studio129/concert/include)
include_directories(/Users/soheilmn/Applications/IBM/ILOG/CPLEX_Studio129/concert/include/ilconcert)
target_link_libraries(cplextest PUBLIC /Users/soheilmn/Applications/IBM/ILOG/CPLEX_Studio129/cplex/lib/x86-64_osx/static_pic/libcplex.a)
target_link_libraries(cplextest PUBLIC /Users/soheilmn/Applications/IBM/ILOG/CPLEX_Studio129/cplex/lib/x86-64_osx/static_pic/libilocplex.a)
target_link_libraries(cplextest PUBLIC /Users/soheilmn/Applications/IBM/ILOG/CPLEX_Studio129/concert/lib/x86-64_osx/static_pic/libconcert.a)
set (target_link_options "-lconcert -lilocplex -lcplex -lm -lpthread -ldl -framework CoreFoundation -framework IOKit -stdlib=libc++")

成功的 Makefile 在 CLion 中失败并显示 "identical" CMake

Successful Makefile fails with "identical" CMake in CLion

c++

makefile

cplex

clion